962.Image: furnace or forge of a smith; a goldsmith's smelting pot; torch: ukka_ (Vedic ulka_ and ulkus.i_; Latin volcanus; Old Irish olca_n to be fiery) firebrand, glow of fire, torch; tin.-ukka_ firebrand of dry grass; ukka_ a furnace or forge of a smith; a meteor; ukka_-dha_ra a torch-bearer; ukka_-pa_ta falling of a firebrand, a meteor; ukka_-mukha the opening or receiver of a furnace, a goldsmith's smelting pot = kamma_r'uddhana (Pali); ukka_cana_ enlightening, clearing up, instruction; ukka_cita enlightened, made bright; (fig.) or cleaned, cleared up; ukka_ceti to bale out water, to empty by means of buckets (Pali)(Pali.lex.) Image: fireplace: cf. cu_l.ai kiln, furnace, funeral pile (Ta.); culli_, ulli_ fireplace (Pkt.)(DEDR 2709)(CDIAL 4879).

963.Image: smoking apparatus: ukka_, hukka_ a smoking apparatus, a hooka (Ka.M.H.)(Ka.lex.) ukka_ hookah, Turkish tobacco pipe and its apparatus by which smoke is drawn through water (Ta.); huqqa (U.)(Ta.lex.) hukka_, hukki_ < huqqah (Arabic) an earthen, leather or metallic pipe, a tobacco pipe (P.lex.)

964.Image: hare: ukkul.a_n- a hare which is supposed to live on dried leaves (Ta.)(Ta.lex.) kulai hare; sphon kulai hare (Santali.lex.)

965.Image: to sit on knees: uka_d.ya_ bos to squat, sit on the knees (Kon.lex.)

966.A small boat: ukkud.o a small boat (Tu.lex.) To float: cf. ge to float, swim (Malt.); o_gna_ (u_gyas) to float, swim (Kur.)(DEDR 1031). cf. ukai to move as a boat (Ta.)(DEDR 563). upe float, swim (Kon.lex.)

967.To move a boat: ukai (-v-, -nt-) to move as a boat, go as a vehicle, walk as an animal (Kalla_. 19)(Ta.); (-pp-, -tt-) to drive as a carriage, ride as a horse, row as a boat, discharge as an arrow (Tiruva_ca. 30,4)(Ta.); ukayuka to go, reach, walk; ukaykkuka to drive (Ma.)(DEDR 563). Effort: cf. u_kkam effort (Ta.)(DEDR 729).

968.Image: watchhouse: ugha_r.i a raised thatched platform in the fields for watching the crops from (Or.); udgha_t.a watchhouse (Skt.)(CDIAL 1972). ukkal.am night watch, advance guard, entrenchment around a camp (Ta.); advanced guard, night patrol (Ma.); ukkad.a entrenchment about a camp, advanced guard, watch, guardhouse, end or outermost post of a town or village (Ka.); ukkad.a, ukkud.a lookout place between the bounds of two towns (Tu.); ukkal.amu vanguard, pickets round a camp (Te.)(DEDR 565). ukkud.o a watching station between the bounds of two towns (Tu.lex.) ukkad.a the end or outermost part of a town or village; an entrenchmet about a camp, an advanced guard, pickets round a camp, a watch; a guard-house (Ka.); ukkal.a (Te.); ukkal.am, ur-kal.am (Ta.); ukkad.a ba_galu the outer-most gate of a town or village; ukkad.a mane the last house of a town etc.; ukkad.a hola a field on the outskirt etc. (Ka.)(Ka.lex.)

969.Advance guard: ukkiram < ugra advance guard; blaze, glow, fierceness (Tiruvil.ai. Ya_n-aiyey. 20)(Ta.); ukkira-p--eru-var..uti a Pa_n.d.ya who was the last king who reigned during the period of the Third Tamil Sangam in Madura and under whose patronage the Akana_n-u_r-u was compiled (Ir-ai. 1, Urai, Pak. 11)(Ta.lex.) Mighty person: ugga (Vedic ugra, from uks.ati, vaks.) mighty, huge, strong, fierce, grave; a mighty or great person, noble lord; ugga-putta a nobleman, mighty lord; high born warrior (Pali)(Pali.lex.) cf. ukkal.am night watch, advance guard (Ta.)(DEDR 565).

970.Image: to leap: ukal.i to jump, leap (Ta.)(DEDR 589). ukal.ittal to leap, jump (Pa_rata. Patin-a_r-a_m. 51); to delight, exult (Tiv. Tiruva_y. 10,8,7)(Ta.)(Ta.lex.) ukai-ttal to leap, jump up (Pa_rata. Niraimi_. 41)(Ta.); ukal.u-tal to leap, bound, frisk, gambol, jump over (Kur-un. 65); to run about (Maturaik. 74)(Ta.lex.) khat.la to jump (Santali.lex.)

971.Ploughing: ukke, ur..ke ploughing (Ka.lex.)

972.Image: to spring up: udaga_t subj. of aor. has arisen (of sun)(RV.); ugge_i, uggai rises (Pkt.); uga_t pret. he went away (Tor.); ugan.u to spring up, shoot up (S.); uggn.a_ to spring up, grow (P.); uga_na to spring up (B.); ugeiba_ (Or.); u_gab to rise, appear (Mth.); u_gai rises, appears (OMarw.); ugvu~ to rise, come out (as the fruit of), grow (G.); uga_un.a_ to cause to spring up (P.); uga_na_ (H.)(CDIAL 1954). cf. uka (-pp-, -nt-) to ascend, rise, soar upward (Ta.); ukal.u (ukal.i-) to leap, bound, frisk, gambol (Ta.); ukkuka to leap, spring upward or forward (Ma.); ubaru high; above (Tu.)(DEDR 559). cf. u_par above (H.lex.) udgalati trickles out, oozes out, drips (BhP.); uglanu to drip off, die off, become covered with verdigris (N.)(CDIAL 1953). cf. cilumpu, cel.impu verdigris (Ta.); kiluvu, kilubu, kilabu, kilibu, kilumbu verdigris, rust (Ka.)(DEDR 1586). uggharati oozes (Pali); ughra_l.o, oghra_l.o lines of a liquid poured out; oghri_ loose threads at the end of a garment (G.); u_ghalvu~ to start in procession for bride's father's house, go in procession (G.); ughal.n.e~ to clear the stale remains of a feed out of a handmill (M.)(CDIAL 1970). ogre to boil (Dm.); ughar. (Phal.); ughir.an., ughar.an. to be collected; uga_hr.an. to collect (L.)(CDIAL 1971). paggharati oozes out (Skt.); oozes, trickles, drips (Pali); pagharan. to melt, liquefy; paghrun. (L.); paghuri_ chewing the cud; paghura_eb to chew the cud (Bi.); pa_ghal.n.e~, paghal.n.e~ to ooze, trickle, drip, melt, dissolve (M.)(CDIAL 8482). pagharu sweat (S.); pagghur, pagghar (L.); pa_ghal. ooze, trickling (M.)(CDIAL 8481). pagha_ra_ sweat (L.); paha_l. mountain stream (M.); paha_l.i_ shower (M.)(CDIAL 8484). pagha_ran.u to melt, dissolve (S.); pagha_ran. (L.); pagha_riba_ to flavour curry with condiments and ghee or oil (A.); pagha_rn.a_ to melt by heating (P.); paghal.n.e~ to spread out, widen, enlarge (M.); pa_ghal.n.e~ to let fall in drops, let run (M.); pigha_lna_ to melt, dissolve, fuse (H.)(CDIAL 8485). paghiran.u to be melted; paghirjan.u to be melted, sweat (S.); pighalna_ (older paghilna_, caus. paghila_na_) to be dissolved, be melted, be fused (H.); pighalna_ (P.); pighal.n.e~ (M.)(CDIAL 8486). cf. ukkad. sweat (Go.); ukkaram sultriness (Ta.)(DEDR 568).

973.Image: overflowing: uggu to spurt out; nettaru ugguni the blood spurting out (Tu.lex.) ukku, urku that rises or has risen; spume, froth; rising as that of the flood-tide (Ka.); pride (Ka.Te.)(Ka.lex.) ukkanda swell: overflowing fullness, abundance (Ka.); ukku, urku to rise, to swell (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) uku (ukuv-, ukk-) to be shed as feathers or hair (Ci.Ci. 1,15); be spilled (Kur-al., 720); gush forth; fall down, die (Te_va_. 641,4); set; (-pp-, -tt-) to let fall, spill, scatter, cast, shed as leaves or feathers, shed (tear), pour out; ukuvu spilling (Maturaik. 415)(Ta.); u_kka to spill, shed (Ma.); u.c- to be spilt; spill, pour (water, grain), pour off (water from grain)(Ko.); u.c- to throw away (dirty water); ux- (uk-) to leak, dribble; uf- (uf0-) to fall down (of flowers or fruit); uft- to shake off (water, from head, dust, mud), empty (bag of grain), throw (spear), shout (words of song)(To.); ugu (okk-) to become loose, burst forth, flow, run, trickle, be shed or spilt; let loose etc.; vomit; ugisu to spill, shed etc.; ogu, ogisu = ugu, ugisu (Ka.); guppuni to pour, shed, spill; ugipu id. (Tu.); ogi to pour (Kor.); u_cu to fall off as hair from sickness; guppu to throw, fling, sprinkle (as something contained in the closed hand), discharge (as an arrow)(Te.); uy-, uv- (hair) falls out (Pa.); ogor.e to tumble down, be rolled down; ogor.tre to roll down (Malt.)(DEDR 562).

974.Image: sewing together two pieces: okkal sewing together two pieces of any material (W.)(Ta.)(Ta.lex.)

975.Image: lifts up; raises fists: ubra_i raise (the hand to threaten)(Kon.lex.) udgurate_ lifts up, raises a weapon, raises the voice threateningly (VS.); ugrun. to wield (L.); uggurn.a_ to raise threateningly (e.g. fists)(P.); uggarna_ (EP.); ugura_iba_ to cause a new thing to be used (Or.); ugra_vin.e~ to hold or point menacingly (M.); uggirati lifts up, carries (Pali); uguri vaunting (Or.)(CDIAL 1961). udgrhan.a act of taking out (S'Br.); udgrabhan.a act of raising (Ka_tyS'r.); uggahan.a taking up (Pali); ughen the string round a vessel for lifting it (Mth.)(CDIAL 1965). udgra_bh taking up (TS.); udgra_ha (Pa_n..)(CDIAL 1966). o.k (o.yk-) to raise (hand to strike, corpse on to fire)(Ko.); o_n.n.uka to lift up (as hand), prepare to strike, aim at; o_n.n.al threat; o_ccuka to raise; o_ppuka to raise, lift (Ma.); o_n.ku (o_n.ki-) lift up, raise (as arm, weapon, pestle); o_kku (o_kki-) to raise, lift up, cause to rise; o_ccu (o_cci-) to raise in order to strike (Ta.); o_ga pride (Ka.)(DEDR 1033).

976.To collect; to take up: ughrun. to raise (L.); uggharn.a_ to be collected (P.); uga_hr.an. to collect (L.); ugharva_un.a_ to cause to be collected (P.); ughra_vvu~ to collect money promised (G.); ugha_rn.e~ to collect (M.); ughir.an., ughar.an. to be collected (L.); uga_hr.an. to collect (L.)(CDIAL 1971). uggha_a collection (Pkt.)(CDIAL 1974). udgra_hayati causes to take up, causes to pay (Ya_j.); udgra_hita pp. (Skt.); uggaha_yati takes up (Pali); ugga_he_i seizes (Pkt.); o_ga_ to lift up, wish, buy (Ash.); ugra_han., ugra~_vun. to collect (revenue, debts, etc.)(L.); ugra_hun.a_, agra_hun.a_ to collect, press a demand for payment (P.); uga_hna_ to accumulate; ughna_ to be accumulated (H.)(CDIAL 1967). ughon.o to collect (Ku.); ugha_i_ collection (Ku.); ugha_unu to take up a collection (N.); ugha_na_ to accumulate; ughna_ to be accumulated (H.)(CDIAL 1976). Storehouse: ukkira_n.am storehouse for provisions, granary (Ta.Ma.); ugra_n.i_ (M.); ugra_n.amu (Te.); ugra_n.a (Ka.Tu.); ukkira_n.i steward in charge of provisions, storekeeper (Ta.); ugra_n.i (Ka.Tu.); ukkira_n.akka_ran- id. (Ta.lex.) udgu_rn.a act of raising (Ya_j.); ugir.an.u to be collected (S.); ugiran. (L.); ugur.a_iba_ to turn upside down (Or.); ugula to rise aloft, fly upwards (Si.); uga_r.an.u to collect (S.); uga_r.an. (L.); ugul.anava_ to pluck up, eradicate (Si.)(CDIAL 1963). ugra_n.a a storehouse; a granary; a magazine; a treasury (Ka.); ugara_n.i_, uga_rani_, ugra_n.i_ gathering in of moneys due; moneys gathered (M.); ugra_n.ate the state of being greatly risen (Ka.); ugra_n.a loftiness, pride (M.); ugra_n.i a store-keeper; a store-keeper's servant; a village peon; ugra_n.isu to be amassed, to become excessive (Ka.lex.) ugra_n.i peon of the village officer; store-keeper; ugra_n.o store-room (Tu.lex.) ugra_n.i dispenser; a kind of peon (Kon.lex.) 

977.Image: to block with outstretched arms; collect monies: uga_rn.e~ to raise threateningly, collect (monies)(M.); wug^ara_wun to recover a debt (K.); uga_l.iba_, oga_l.iba_ to block the way with outstretched arms, intercept, detain (K.)(CDIAL 1958). udgra_yati causes to take up, causes to pay (Ya_j.); pp. udgra_hita (Skt.); uggaha_yati takes up (Pali); ugga_he_i seizes (Pkt.); o~ga_ to lift up, wish, buy (Ash.); ugra_han., ugra_vun. to collect (revenue, debts etc.)(L.); ugra_hun.a_, agra_hun.a_ to collect, press a demand for payment (P.); uga_hna_ to accumulate (H.); ughna_ to be accumulated (H.); oga_hi_ money collected; oga_hyo debt-collector (S.); uga_hi_ proceeds (H.)(CDIAL 1967). udgra_bha taking up (TS.); udgra_ha (Pa_n..); ugga_haka one who is eager to learn (Pali); ugra_ha_ tax-collector (P.)(CDIAL 1966). Image: string round a vessel for lifting: udgrabhan.a act of raising (Ka_tyS'r.); uggahan.a taking up (Pali); udgrahan.a act of taking out (S'Br.)(CDIAL 1965). udgu_rn.a act of raising (Ya_j.); ugir.an.u to be collected (S.); ugiran. (L.); ugur.a_iba_ to turn upside down (Or.); ugula to rise aloft, fly upwards (Si.); uga_r.an.u to collect (S.); uga_r.an. (L.); ugul.anava_ to pluck up, eradicate (Si.)(CDIAL 1963). udgr.hn.a_ti lifts up (TS.); uggan.ha_ti takes up, acquires, learns (Pali); ugananava_ to learn (Si.); uggan.ha_pe_ti (Pali); uganvanava_ to teach (Si.)(CDIAL 1964). udgurate_ lifts up, raises a weapon, raises the voice threateningly (VS.); udgu_rn.a threatening (Ya_j.); ugrun. to wield (L.); uggurn.a_ to raise threateningly (e.g. fists)(P.); uggarna_ (EP.); ugura_iba_ to cause a new thing to be used (Or.); ugra_vin.e~ to hold or point menacicngly (M.); uggirati lifts up, carries (Pali); uguri vaunting (Or.)(CDIAL 1961). wug^ara_wun to recover a debt (K.); uga_l.iba_, oga_l.iba_ to block the way with outstretched arms, intercept, detain (Or.) uga_rn.e~ to raise threateningly, collect (monies)(M.)(CDIAL 1958). udgamayati causes to issue (Skt.); uggamiya produced (Pkt.); u_ga_mai wields (a weapon)(OG.); uga_mvu~ to raise towards, lift up against (G.); ugavin.e~ to gather in monies due, disentangle (M.); uga_va_ monies gathered in; uga_n.a_ gathering in; uga_n.n.e~ to gather in (M.)(CDIAL 1956). urin.i out of debt (Ku.); urin (H.); urn.iyu~ (G.)(CDIAL 1943).

978.To learn: ugga_haka one who is eager to learn (Pali)(CDIAL 1966). ugat learned (Si.); gute, geti_, pp. of o_ga_ seized (Ash.)(CDIAL 1979). udgr.hn.a_ti lifts up (TS.); uggan.ha_ti takes up, acquires, learns (Pali); ugananava_ to learn (Si.); uggan.ha_pe_ti caus. (Pali); uganvanava_ to teach (Si.)(CDIAL 1964). cf. gan.yati tells one's number (of troop of flock)(Ka_s'.)(CDIAL 3988).

979.Image: trap: udgha_t.aka leather bucket for drawing water (Skt.); udgha_t.aka key (Skt.); ugula, ugul.a snare, trap (Si.)(CDIAL 1973). cf. oggu to lay a trap (Te.)(DEDR 934).

980.To scratch; to dig out; to engrave: kha_naka digging up (Mn.); absol. utkha_nam (Skt.); ukha_n. act of rooting up (a plant or tree)(Ku.)(CDIAL 1754). u_hanati lifts up, takes away (Pali); uddhanati turns up the earth (TS.)(CDIAL 2007). ukir finger-nail (Ta.Ma.); ugur nail (Ka.); ugi to hurt, tear, rend with the nails; ugurisu to scratch asunder (Ka.); uguru nail (Tu.); go_ru (Te.Kond.a.Kuwi); go_r (Nk.Go.); gu_r (Mand..); or^ox (Kur.); orgu (Malt.); ho_r finger (Br.)(DEDR 561). cf. ko_r-ai a scratch (Ta.); ko_r-e cutting, sharpness (Ka.); ko.re tusk of elephant or boar (Kod..); ko_runi, go_runi to dig out or up (Tu.); ko_r-a tusk, fang, tooth; ko_ru to scrape with a grater, scratch (Te.)(DEDR 2257). utkirati digs out or up (VS.); piles up, engraves (Skt.); ukkirai, ukki_rai digs, engraves on stone (Pkt.); ukiran.u to engrave (S.); ukkarai digs up (Pkt.); ukrun. to inscribe (L.); ukkarn.a_ to dig, engrave (P.); ukarn.u~ to collect (Garh.); ukarn.e~ to scrape up, rake out (a fire), scratch, mark (M.); ukkin.n.a dug up (Pali.Pkt.); ukern.o to dig out earth (Ku.)(CDIAL 1723). wokhur overturning (K.); ukhri_ scale, scab (M.); ukhla_ revealing family secrets (Or.)(CDIAL 1893). ukharn.u~ disclosing the secrets of others (G.)(CDIAL 1894). wokharun to turn upside down (e.g. in poking coals in a brazier)(K.); ukhuriba_ to poke, stir up (Or.); ukharn.e~ to scratch up, loosen or detach from (M.); ukkhaliya rooted up (Pkt.); wakhaln.o to be rooted up (Ku.); ukha_riba to poke, stir up (Or.); ukha_lnu to uproot (N.); ukkhar.an. to be torn up (L.); ukkhar.na_ to be plucked out (P.); ukhar.n.o to be uprooted (Ku.); ukhr.a_ to get loose (B.); ukhar.iba_ to be uprooted (Or.); ukhar.ab to be pulled out (Mth.); ukh^aral to pull (Bhoj.); ukhar.na_ to be rooted up (H.); ukhar.vu~ (G.); ukha_r.an. to tear up (L.); ukha_r.na_ to pluck out (P.); ukha_r.n.o to uproot (Ku.); ukha_r.n.u (N.); ukha_r.iba_ (Or.); ukha_r.ab (Mth.); ukha_rab (Aw.); ukha_r.na_ (H.); ukha_r.vu~ to uproot (G.); ukhad.n.e~ (M.); ukhir.an.u to be torn up (S.); ukkhe_t.ita spat out, thrown off (Pali); ukher.an.u to loosen, disjoin (S.); ukher.n.a_ to pluck out (P.); ukher.na_ to root up (H.); ukher.vu~ (G.); ukkhud.ai breaks (Pkt.); ukkhur.na_ to be plucked out (P.); ukhur.iba_ to be uprooted (Or.); ukkho_d.ia rooted up (Pkt.)(CDIAL 1895). ukhat.an.u to engrave, issue out (S.); ukkhutta cut (Pkt.)(CDIAL 1896). gu_r-u to turn or uproot the earth with horns or tusks (Ka.); gut.i a hog (Te.)(DEDR 1922). 

981.Rotten: uga_l, uga_lo verdigris (N.); uga_la_ ooze, slime (H.); uga_l.a_ a levigated mass (M.)(CDIAL 1959). ukkal rottenness, that which is rotten or decayed; ukku (ukki-) to rot, decay, moulder, pine away, waste away (Ta.); ukkuka to rot in water (as wood)(Ma.)(DEDR 567). uglan.o, waglan.o to become bitter through being left in a brass dish (Ku.); udgalati trickles out, oozes out, drips (BhP.); uglanu to drip off, fade away, become covered with verdigris (N.)(CDIAL 1953). u_r.. to decay (as flesh, fruits), become putrid, be spoiled, rot, stink (Ta.); u_l.ai offensive smell; u_cu to decay, become rotten, become stale; u_cal that which is fetid, that which has become stale; ur..u to decay, rot, putrefy; u_ttai dirt, impurity (Ta.); u_r..al dirt as of a plate; u_l.a rottenness, mucus; u_tta dirt, filthy object (Ma.); ubbali, ummali, u_bi mud, mire (Te.)(DEDR 756). 

982.To breathe hard: ugarisu to gasp, breathe hard, respire with difficulty (Ka.); ukkisa a dry cough; ogar(u)cu to gasp, breathe hard; ogar(u)pu gasping, panting; vagar(u)cu to sigh; vagar(u)pu sigh, asthma (Te.); ukkisa (Te.)(DEDR 569). utka_sate_ hawks, expectorates (Car.); ukka_sati coughs, hawks (Pali); ukasa having coughed (Si.); ukka_sita having coughed (Pali); ukasi cough (Si.)(CDIAL 1722). ukas-mukas feeling of suffocation (Ku.); ukus-mukus, -pukus feeling of the stomach being uncomfortably full (N.); uk-muk sound expressing suffocation from extreme heat (A.); ukas-mukas suffocation (H.)(CDIAL 1625). Sigh: ucchvasiti takes a deep breath (Skt.); ussasai sighs (Pkt.); usasn.e~ (M.); u_sa_sia freed from distress (Pkt.); us'a_siba_ to lessen; us'a_sia_ lighter (Or.); usa_sna_ to breathe (H.); usa_sn.e~ to sigh, swell and heave, rise and look full (of breasts)(M.)(CDIAL 1866). us, u_s, hus, ho_s sound used in sighing when tired (Ka.); usu, ussane a deep sigh (Tu.); us interj. expresses tiredness, pain, dejection, etc. (Te.)(DEDR 573). ucchva_sa froth (RV.); deep breath (Ka_tyS'r.); nirussa_sa breathless (Pali); ussa_sa, u_sa_sa, uccha_sa deep breath (Pkt.); wa_h palpitation or throbbing (of heart, etc. and marked by panting)(K.); usis-nisis breathlessness (N.); uh, uxa_h breath (A.); ucha_sa sigh (MB.); usa_sa relief from disease, ease (Or.); usa_s comfort (Mth.); usa_sa sigh (OAw.); usa_s, usa~_s breath, sigh (H.); usa_s id. (L.); usa_sa sigh (OMarw.); u_sa_sa inhaling (OG.); us'va_s deep breath (G.); usa_s, usa_ sigh, deep breath (M.)(CDIAL 1868). ka_rs'e to gasp; ka_ra_s, ka_rsi gasp (Kon.lex.) 

983.Pleasure: o_kai delight, joy (Pa_rata. Kurukula. 93); uvakai joy, gladness, delight (Kur-al., 304); love, fondness (Tol. Po. 91)(Ta.); uvva_yi joy, gladness, delight (Te.); uvakai-k-kan.n.i_r tears of joy (Tol. Po. 253, Urai.); uvattal to be glad, to rejoice, to be delighted (Tirumuru. 1); uva (Ma.); uva-ttal to be pleased with, to approve of, like (Na_lat.i, 74)(Ta.lex.) o_kas pleasure, gratification (Skt.); oikos (Greek); o_kyam gratification, pleasure (Skt.)(Skt.lex.) uvappu joy, delight, rapture (Tol. Col. 306); id. (Ma.); prosperity, luxuriance, fertility (Tiva_.)(Ta.)(Ta.lex.) cf. uka to be glad (Ta.)(DEDR 558). 

984.Image: black monkey: u_kam black monkey (Cir-upa_n.. 221); female monkey (Ta.lex.) 

986.Image: large; ox: uks.a-, uks.an large; uks.ita fully grown, strong (RV.); u_s., u_x long (Pas'.)(CDIAL 1627). Ox: ukkha_ ox (Pkt.); vaccha_n.a ox (Pkt.); uks.an bull (RV.)(CDIAL 1628). maho_ks.a a large bull (S'Br.); mahoch great ox, blockhead (H.)(CDIAL 9978). uks.aga who rides on an ox: S'iva; uks.atara a large ox or bull; uks.a dhvaja whose ensign is an ox: S'iva (Ka.lex.) 

987.Support for wheel: ugat. support placed behind or before the wheel of a carriage to prevent it moving (G.)(CDIAL 1951). 

988.To become wet: cf. oge to wash (Ka.Kor.)(DEDR 933). wanun to become wet (K.)(CDIAL 2290). upa_kta smeared (TS.); upatta (Pali)(CDIAL 2285). vakanava_ to smear (Si.)(CDIAL 2286). cf. aj to anoint; akta smeared (Skt.lex.) a_kta anointed ; sva_kta good ointment (AV.)(CDIAL 18). ak^ot^u unmoistened (K.)(CDIAL 20). ajayati anointed (A_s'vS'r.); ajita smeared (Pali); am.jiya oiled (Pkt.); andi painted, marked (Si.)(CDIAL 173). ajana anointing, ointment (A_s'vS'r.); ajan. collyrium (P.); andana_ anointing, painting, putting on (clothes)(Si.)(CDIAL 170). anda, anu, anavu, anuvu fitness, propriety; nicety, loveliness, that is pleasing, charming or beautiful (Ka.); anuvu (Te.); anutana fitness; ane to touch (Tu.)(Ka.lex.) anda fitness; beauty, pleasantness (Ka.); antam (Ta.Ma.); anda (Te.Tu.); anta = ramya (Skt.); andakatte a handsome woman (Te.); anda-ga_rti (Ka.); avananta bandanu such a powerful, or virtuous, or rich man as he came; aval.anta bandal.u such a worthy as she came; na_nanta bandenu such a worthy as I came (Ka.); anta braggingly: such a worthy (as he, she, it)(Ka.)(Ka.lex.) ajas ointment, mixture (RV.); a~_za_ curry, pottage (A.); vyajana condiment (MBh.)(CDIAL 172). abhyan.ga anointing with oil (Mn.); ointment (Sus'r.); abbham.ga anointing; abbham.gai anoints; abbhim.ga, abbhim.gai (Pkt.); a_bha_n. smearing the body with oil (B.)(CDIAL 542). a_jya clarified butter (RV.); ajja (Pkt.); a_j (B.)(CDIAL 1097). Collyrium; collyrium pot: a_jana fat (RV.); ointment (esp. for the eyes)(AV.); a_jani_ ointment (VS.); collyrium for the eyes, box therefor (R.); ajana collyrium; ajani_ pot therefor (Pali); am.jan.a, am.jan.aga collyrium (Pkt.); ana ghee (Ash.); anro~_ (Wg.); a_nir.o collyrium pot (S.); a_nr.i_ collyrium pot; a_ndar ghee (L.); a_nn.o, a_nr.o sty in eye (Ku.); a_nu (N.); a~_jan collyrium (B.); a~_jan (H.); a~_an. (G.); ajan collyrium (B.); a~_jan (H.); a~_jan. (G.); ajan.a (Konkan.i); andana, anduna (Si.)(CDIAL 1100). a_janiya, a_janya (with eyes) having to be anointed with collyrium (TBr.); a_nir.i_ sty in the eye (S.); a_nr.i_ (L.); a_nn.o, a_nr.o (Ku.); a_nu (N.); a_zina_i (A.); a_jna_i, a_jina_ (B.); ajani_ (H.); a~_jn.i_ (G.); a~_jn.i_, a~_jin.i_ (M.)(CDIAL 1101). ajana anointing; making clear (Ka.); night; fire (Ka.); ajanakriye smearing, anointing; ajana_dri the collyrium-mountain of the west, one of the hills at Tirupati; ajanake_s'i name of a vegetable perfume (Ka.); cf. ajya clarified butter (Skt.Ka.); ajya-gat.t.i thickness of ghee (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) Synonym: bayake-gappu a black collyrium applied to the eye-lashes; bayake, bayke, oyke a deposit, a trust; a treasure, a hoard; bayake, bayike, bayke, bavake longing, wish, desire; hope, a desired object; bayake-gappu the desired black pigment or collyrium, ajana (Ka.lex.) For -gappu cf. kar-uppu blackness, spot (Ta.)(Ta.lex.) Congealed: ganja (ganji-) to solidify, coagulate, become solid (Kui); kajali to be congealed (Kuwi)(DEDR 1102). Collyrium: kajjala lamp-black (Sus'r.)lampblack (used as collyrium for the eyes)(Pali.Pkt.); kazul, kazalas lamp-black (K.); kajalu (S.); kajhal, kajla_ antimony for the eyes (L.); kajjal, kajla_ lamp-black for the eyes (P.); kajjal collyrium (WPah.); ka_jal, ka_jaw (Ku.); ga_jal (N.); ka_zal lamp-black, a kind of bluish earth for marking the foreheads of women (A.); ka_jal, ka_jara collyrium; kajjal., kajal.a lamp-black (Or.); ka_jar collyrium (Bi.Mth.Bhoj.); ka_jal, kajjal, kajla_, kajli_ lamp-black, collyrium (H.); ka_jal. lamp-black (G.); ka_jl.i_ soot (G.); ka_jal., ka_jl.i_ (M.); ka_jjal.a lam-black (Konkan.i); kajjalia blackened (Pkt.); ka_zali dark red, purple (A.); ka_jl.i_ made of soot (M.)(CDIAL 2622). Semant. 'darkness' cf. kattal, kattale, kattala, kartale, kar..tale darkness; kattala kat.t.u to stand in the light (Ka.); kattala bid.u to stand out of the light; kattalisu to become or be dark (Ka.); kattal (Tu.); kar..tale-vageya the enemy of darkness: the moon; kar..gu, kargu to turn black (Ka.); ka_rs.n.ya blackness, black colour; darkness (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) cf. ka_rs.ya the tree shorea robusta = vatica robusta (Skt.Ka.)(Ka.lex.) karu-maram shorea robusta; ebony, diospyros (Ma.); kar-maru vatica laccifera (Tu.)(DEDR 1282). ja_la_ri shorea talura, shorea laccifera (Ka.); vatica laccifera = shorea laccifera = shorea talura (Tu.)(DEDR 2473). cf. -jal in ka_jal collyrium (Ku.)(CDIAL 2622). For semant. ja_la_ri ~~ s'a_la shorea cf. s'a_la the resin of shorea robusta (Skt.lex.) karpu, kappu blackness; the colour black or dark-blue; black; collyrium (Ka.); kr.s.n.a, ka_la (Ka.); karpu (Te.Ma.Tu.)(Ka.lex.) Soot; smoke: cf. kacama_la smoke (Ka.lex.) cf. kosso, kosoy, kosoyi soot (Go.)(DEDR 2226). kajlo_t.hi_ pot in which lam-black is kept (P.)(CDIAL 2623); Collyrium pot; sty in the eye: gajraut.o small pot for collyrium (N.); kajraut.o id. (N.); kajraut.a_, kajraut.i_ (Bi.); kajlaut.i_ (H.)(CDIAL 2624). ka~jiya_ sty in the eye (H.); kacika_ small boil (Skt.)(CDIAL 2625). ka_ca, ka_caka alkaline ashes (Skt.lex.) ka_ce black (Wg.); xace (Shum.)(CDIAL 3008). karpari_ collyrium (Skt.); kar-uppu blackness, darkness, spot (Ta.); kaje stain on the teeth (Tu.); kar-iya black colour (Te.); kahra_, kahra a_- to be black; kahra_ti black (Pe.)(DEDR 1395). ka_d.ige collyrium prepared from lampblack; lampblack (Ka.); ka_d.ig collyrium of lampblack and oil (Tu.); ka_t.uka lampblack, collyrium (Te.); ka_d. (-it-) to be burnt, charred (Kond.a); to be burnt (rice in cooking (Kuwi); ka_d.- id. (Mand..); kadali to be burnt, as food (Kuwi)(DEDR 1437). ka_d.u, ka_r.. blackness, black; ka_r, ka_r-u darkness, a cloud (Ma.)(Ka.lex.)

989.Riddle: ugad. reveal e.g. supernatural truth; ugd.a_po open, revealed; ugd.a_po ka_rn sa_ng reveal; ugd.a_s remembrance (Kon.lex.) udga_tha_ a variety of A_rya_ metre (Skt.); udgi_tha (AV.); ugga_ha (Pkt. ugga_ha_ (Pkt.H.)(CDIAL 955). ogat.u, ogat.e, o_gat.e riddle (Ka.); ogat.u riddle, mystic language (Tu.)(DEDR 932). umen.i, umeni, umene enigma, riddle (Kon.lex.) kudum a riddle (Santali.lex.) uggu repeatedly to utter unmeaning sounds, stammer; n. unmeaning sounds (such as one uses to amuse a baby), stammering; uggad.isu to utter repeatedly, cry out, repeat certain meaningless sounds so as to harmonize with dance or music; uggad.a, uggad.ane repeated sounds, noise, clamour, repetition of certion meaningless sounds uttered to harmonize with dance or music (Ka.); ugguni to stammer (Tu.); uggad.incu, uggal.incu to utter; sound, produce sound (Te.)(DEDR 571). ukta spoken (RV.); utta, vutta spoken; uttaka a saying (Pali); vattum., vakkhati, vadati (Skt.); utta, vutta (Pkt.); vutam., vute (As'.); uta was said (KharI.); utan.u to say, tell (S.); vataka pp. (utu spoken, described)(OSi.); uta_n.n.e~ to describe, declare (M.); ukha_n.a_ saying, riddle (M.)(CDIAL 1626). upa_khya_na subordinate story, episode (MBh.); uvakkha_n.a story (Pkt.); okha_n.i example (S.); ukha_n story, riddle (N.); ukhana_-ukhani altercation (A.); ukha_n., ukha_n.o, okha_n.u~ riddle (G.); ukha_n.a_ (M.); okha_n.an.u to recognize (S.); wakhon^u, wokhon^u (K.)(CDIAL 2289). cf. osage speech, report, news (Ka.)(DEDR 937). 

990.Image: naked: ugha_r.o naked (S.); ugha_r.a_ naked, open (P.); open (H.); ugha_ro open (N.); ugha_r.o (OMarw.); ugha_r.u~ (G.); ughd.a_ (M.); ugha_r. fine weather (G.); ugha_d. (M.)(CDIAL 1972). cf. d.umd.a naked (Kond.a.Pe.Kuwi)(DEDR 2966). cf. na_n.u, na_n.a nakedness, nudity, the buttocks (Tu.)(DEDR 3639). cf. ver-u empty (Ta.); void, empty, bare (Ma.); ver, verd, vet-. ver mere, vain (Ko.)(DEDR 5513). cf. ve_nga (ve_ngi-) to be opened out, open out (Kui)(DEDR 5519). udghat.ita unfastened (Skt.); udgha_t.ayati opens (MBh.); caus. ugghat.e_ti opens, reveals (Pali); ugghad.ia open; ugghad.ai opens (Pkt.); ughir.an.u to be open, be laid bare (S.); ugghar.n.a_ to be opened, be spread out; caus. ughur.va_un.a_, ugher.na_ (P.); ughar.n.o to be open (Ku.); ughranu to be open, be fair (of weather), look well on (N.); ughr.a_ to be open (B.); ugharab to get uncovered (Aw.); ughar.na_ (H.); ughar.vu~ to open, bloom, be free from rain (G.); ughad.n.e~ to open, be fair (of weather)(M.); uggha_t.e_ti unfastens, removes (Pali); uggha_d.e_i, uggha_d.ai opens (Pkt.); ugha_r.an.u lays bare, draws (a sword)(S.); ugha_r.n.a_ to open (P.); ugha_r.nu_ (WPah.); ugha_r.n.o (Ku.); ugha_rnu (N.); ughar.a_na (B.); ugha_rab (Mth.); ugha_rai (OAw.); ugha_r.na_ (H.); ugha_r.vu~ (G.); ughad.n.e~ (M.); ugul.anava_, pret. igil.uva_ to root up (Si.); igil.enava_ to be uprooted (Si.); ughar.an to be collected (L.); uga_hr.an. to collect (L.); uddhanti raises (RV.); thows open (TS.)(CDIAL 1968). uggha_ famous, clear, open (P.)(CDIAL 1969). 

991.Sand: usuku, usaku, usige, usabu, usubu, usuvu sand (Ka.); usuka, isuka, isumu id. (Te.); isaka, isike, iseka, iska, usike, useka, uske id. (Te.); uska_, uska id. (Kol.); uska_, uske id. (Go.); iska id. (Kond.a)(DEDR 575). s'arkare, saikata sand (Ka.); esalu (Te.)(Ka.lex.) sikata_ sand (Pali.lex.) 

992.Garden: udya_na going or walking about; a garden, a park (Skt.Ka.); name of a country to the north of India; udya_navana, upanandana, ke_da_ra a beautiful garden (Ka.lex.) udya_na up-going, going out (AV. viii.1.6)(Vedic.lex.) nandana Indra's pleasure ground (Skt.); a garden, a grove; a garden frequented by the gods (Ka.); ta_la-nandana a grove of palmyras (Ka.lex.) Garden; upstream: udya_na park, garden (Ya_j.); udya_naka id. (R.); uzani upper part of a stream (A.); uja_n flowing tide, upstream (B.); uja_n.a tidal (Or.); uja_n.i upstream; uja_n.iba_ to raise (Or.); uja_n adv. upstream (H.); uyya_na park, garden (Pali); uyana, uya_na (As'.); ujja_n.a (Pkt.); uja_na (OMth.); uja_n.i_ feast (G.); uyana garden (Si.)(CDIAL 2052). cf. uyar to rise (as water) (Ta.)(DEDR 646). 

993.Image: shoal of fish coming out: udya_na going out (AV.); uja_n. postp. towards (Ku.); uza_n shoal of fish coming out in flood water (A.)(CDIAL 2052). cf. kur..u heap, flock, herd, assembly (Ta.)(DEDR 1821). zomo shoal of fish (Kon.lex.) 

994.Image: swift: Öju_ hasten (Skt.); java swift (Pa_n.. AV.); speed (RV.); quick, speed (Pali.Pkt.); dava speed, quickly (Si.)(CDIAL 5167). ju_ti flowing without interruption (AV.); juha_ro high tide (S.); juwa_r flood-tide in a river (N.); zowa_r (A.); joya_r high tide (B.); jua_ra (Or.); juwa_r, jawa_r, jwa_r flood-tide (H.); jua_l. tide (G.)(CDIAL 5167). javate_ hastens (RV.Pali); javai_ (Pkt.); javayi hastens (OSi.); davanava_, duvanava_ to run (Si.)(CDIAL 5168). Image: to run away; retire; jump; squirrel: ur-ukku (ur-ukki-) to jump, leap over; ur-uttai squirrel (Ta.); ur-u to retreat, retire, withdraw; ur-uku to jump, run away; ur-uta squirrel (Te.); uRk- to run away (Kond.a); urk- (-it-) to dance (Kuwi)(DEDR 713). cf. ud.ute squirrel (Ka.); ud.uta id. (Te.)(DEDR 590). Haste, impetuosity: uravan.i, uravan.ige, uruvan.i crying out, crying out loud; uravan.isu, uruvan.isu to act hastily, with impetuosity, overbearingly or presumptuously (Ka.); uruvad.incu, uruvan.incu (Te.); uravan.e haste, rashness; impetuosity, impulse, urgency; passionate, overbearing behaviour (Ka.); uramat.a rude, overbearing; uramat.an.e_m. to become rude (M.)(Ka.lex.) uru-vakra walking with the face upturned (Ka.lex.) Image: river: uravu-tal to be in constant motion, as the sea, a river (Perumpa_n.. 350); ura-kat.al boisterous sea, sea generally rough (W.); uravu-ni_r sea, being water in motion (Cilap. 4,79); river, torrent (Na_lat.i, 175)(Ta.lex.) Image: running: ura_l running, as a horse (Maturaik. 387); ura_vu-tal to move from its place, to be dislodged (Ci_vaka. 37); to go, pass (Maturaik. 125)(Ta.lex.) Set out on a journey: urkhna_ to set out on a journey, to come or go out, germinate, break forth (eruption), evolve (Kur.); urqe to come out, come forth (Malt.); ur.to_r (they) came out (Go.)(DEDR 668). 

995.Images: to spring forth; to filter: ujjavati goes upstream (Pali); uza_iba to go upstream, move towards the head of a bed, come out in a shoal (of fish)(A.); uzani upper part of a stream (A.); uja_y goes upstream (B.); ujjavanika_ya adv. upstream (Pali); uza_n shoal of fish coming out in a flood of water (A.); uja_n.a tidal (Or.); uja_n.i adv. upstream (Or.); uja_n flowing tide, upstream (B.); adv. upstream (H.)(CDIAL 1664). For semant. 'stream' cf.: yavya_ stream (Naigh.); yavya_vati_ a place-name (RV.); yo streamlet (Ash.); yu_ (Kt.); zas' irrigation channel (Dm.); yab (Tor.); ya_b (Phal.); yap, yabai, yab (Sh.); zai irrigation channel (Kal.); zoi (Kho.); j small stream in a torrent bed (L.)(CDIAL 10442). za_n stream, ravine (A.); ya_ni_ path (TS.)(CDIAL 10460). uyya_ti goes out or away (Pali); u_ja_i runs (OG.); uja_vu~, ujvu~ to run away (G.); uja_iba_ to rise up (Or.)(CDIAL 2051). udya_na going out (AV.); uja_n. postp. towards (Ku.); uja_n.iba_ to raise (Or.)(CDIAL 2052). u_juni, u_suni to ooze (Tu.); u_selu oozing, filthy; u_t.i a spring, fountain; uja fountain, spring; uje-pattuni to ooze, percolate, trickle; ugguni to spirt; uggelu a well; oraka a watery place; vorat source, spring, fountain; osaruni to ooze, leak; osaru spring, fountain (Tu.); u_r-u (u_r-i-) to spring, flow (as water in a well), issue, ooze, percolate, soak, be steeped, gather (as milk in the breast, toddy in palm flowers), water (as the mouth); u_r-al small spring, spring-water, oozing, percolation, juice extracted by squeezing; u_r-r-u (u_r-r-i-) to pour out, cause to flow, spill, pour out, cast away as useless, empty or clear (as a vessel of its contents), extract (as oil from castor seeds by boiling them); n. flowing, gushing forth (blood from an artery, milk from the udder, pouring of rut from a must elephant), spring, fountain, moisture oozing from the ground; u_t.t.i rain; ur-ai (-pp-, -tt-) to drop (as rain), form (as dew); n. leaking, drop of water, rain; ur-avi spring, fountain; uvar-u (uvar-i-) to spring up, well up; uvar-r-u (uvar-r-i-) to cause to swell up; to flow; uvan-r-i fountain, head of water (Ta.); u_r-uka to spring, ooze, (mouth) waters; u_r-al, u_r-u, u_r-r-u sediment, lees, dregs, precipitate; u_r-r-uka to pour out carefully, strain, filter; u_r-r-i et.ukka to take butter out of buttermilk, oil from the water in which oilseeds were boiled; ur-akka to spring, ooze out; ur-avu, ur-ava, ur-r-u fountain, spring; ur-ekka to pour gently; ur-r-ikka to dribble; ur-r-al a drop; ut.t.am et.ukka water to come up as in well-watered fields; or-r-uka to drip; or-r-ikkuka to dribble, let fall in drops (Ma.); u.r.- (u.r.y-) to spring forth, be filtered, ooze; u.t.- (u.t.y-) to drain, filter (To.); u_r-u to spring as water, ooze, leak out, be soaked, steeped; u_r-isu to steep, soak; or-e to ooze, ooze out, spring, drip; u_t.e a natural spring of water; or-ate a spring, hole dug in dry bed of a stream where water oozes in; or-ale oozing; or-avu a spring; ojjara, vajjara, vajjarakke a spring, fountain; osar to ooze, trickle; let ooze out; n. oozing etc. (Ka.); ubbe rain (Ka.); utt- (utti-) to ooze (Kod..); u_ru to spring, ooze, exude, leak out, be soaked, steeped, become moist with oozing water; u_rincu to make another's mouth water, tempt, tantalize; u_t.a natural spring or fountain of water, juice, sap, damp; juicy, full of sap, abounding in springs; u_t.u moisture caused by rain; u_d.u konu to become moist; ur-iyu to leak (as a roof), drop through; ur-upu leaking, leakage, leakiness; ut.t.u to ooze, trickle, flow (Te.); u.r- (u.rt-) (house) leaks (Kol.); u_r- to leak, drip (Nk.); u_r-e_r to ooze (Ga.); u_sa_ flood, spate; u_sa_na_ to drip or water (of the eyes); u_s- (milk) to overflow; u_sa_ flow of water, flood; hoogoo a spring of water (Go.); u_sa spring (Kond.a); urpa (urt-) to ooze, spring up, sweat; n. state of sweating (Kui); u_ta spring, fountain; u_tha e_yu spring water (Kuwi); orbe to fall in showers (Malt.)(DEDR 761). cf. or..uku (or..uki-) to flow, leak, trickle down (Ta.)(DEDR 1010). 

996.To come to mind: wuzun to spring forth, appear, come to mind (K.)(CDIAL 2051). un-n-u (un-n-i-) to think, consider, have words on the tip of one's tongue; un-n-al thinking, mind; un-n-am thought, contemplation, mind; un-n-i (-pp-, -tt-) to meditate, contemplate; n. that which is fit to be meditated upon; un-n-ippu acuteness of mind, discernment; intentness (Ta.); unnuka, unnikka to think, aim at, have in view; unnam mark, butt (Ma.); uny- (unc-) to think; uny, unyp thought, aim; unypga.rn thinker (Ko.); uny- (unc-) to think; unyp thought (To.); unnisu to think, consider; un.kisu to consider, observe, look at (Ka.); to consider (Te.); onpinai to intend (Kuwi); hunning (hur-, hutt-) to look at, to look, look for, wait for, consider (Br.)(DEDR 727). ur-u (ur-uv-, ur-r--) to pass in one's mind; think; ur-uttu (ur-utti-) to impress strongly upon the mind (Ta.); ur-ade without minding, not caring (Ka.); ur-u to care for, heed (only in neg.: ur-aka not minding; ur-a~d.u he does not care)(Te.)(DEDR 712).

997.Inside, to think; heart, mind: uti science, learning (Iraku. Ayan-u. 19); utittal to spring up, come into existence (Ci.Ci. 1,2); utippu wisdom (Yaco_tara. 1,65)(Ta.lex.) hudis to think, to ponder; thought, device, plan, reasoning, idea; hudis bundis to think out; hudis rakap hudis a~r.gokate having thought the matter over (Santali.lex.) hr.d heart (Skt.); hikukur, hukukur, ikukur heart (Bshk.); hiku_ courage (Tor.); hika desire (S.); hikk breast (P.); hikka_, hekka_, heka_ encouragement (N.)(CDIAL 14150). hr.tpin.d.a heart (Skt.); hiku-kur heart (Bshk.); hiku_ro heart (Chil.)(CDIAL 14151). hr.daya heart (RV.); hadaya heart (Pali); hiaa-, had.ak(k)a, halaa-, hitaa-, hitapa- (Pkt.); hiad.a, hiad.ulla-, hiaulla- (Ap.); yilo heart, spirit; hri heart, breast (Gypsy); ya heart, kidney (D..); zir.e heart; zire, zira (Kt.); jo_, zo_, jo_r-dun.ga (Wg.); zir, zer (Pr.); wur.e (Tir.); jo_ (Gmb.); hir.a (Gaw.); hira, hriya (Kal.); hui_ (tor.); hi_u, hio, hir.u (Sh.); hio (S.); ha~_ heart, mind (L.); ha_e~, e_ha~_ (L.); hi_a~_ heart (P.); hiyo, hi_ (Ku.); hiyo (N.); hiu courage (OA.); hiya_ heart, breast (A.); hiya_ heart (B.); hia_ heart, mind, breast (Or.); hiya_ heart (Bi.); hia, hia_ (Mth.); hiya_ (Bhoj.Aw.H.); hiyau, hi_yad.au (OMarw.); hi_yo, hi_r. (Marw.); hi_um. (OG.); haiyu~, hair.u~ (G.); hiye~ (M.); l.a-ya, la-ya heart, courage, breast (Si.); zidi_ heart (Ash.); id-em my heart (Shum.); ide (Nin..); hida breast (Gaw.); hida_lun.ga part near the heart (Gaw.); hia_o courage; ha~_u heart, mind (S.); hia_u~, haya_u~ heart (P.); hiya_u daring, spirit (N.); hiya_u, hiwa_u courage (H.); hiyya_ (M.)(CDIAL 14152). idayam heart (Te_va_. 619,1); chest (Ka_cika. Makal.ir. 23)(Ta.lex.) hr.daya_lu affectionate (Pa_n..va_rtt.); hiye_lu brave (Sh.); hia_l.i charming (Or.)(CDIAL 14153). hr.dya in the heart, dear (RV.); hr.dya (Pa_n..); hizu own, full (of brother, or sister)(Sh.); ha_zi friend (A.); heja affection (OG.)(CDIAL 14154). ha_rdi interior of body (RV.); heart (AV.); zdi heart (Dm.); ha_r., a_r., har. (Pas'.); ya_r. (Wot..); hardi (Kho.); ha_d. (G.)(CDIAL 14064). ha_r.trana_k midriff (Pas'.)(CDIAL 14065). For -ull in: hiad.ulla-, hiaulla- heart (Ap.)(CDIAL 14152) cf.: ul. mind, heart (Ta.); ul.l.am mind, heart, intention, thought, soul; ul.l.akam mind, heart; ul.l.al intention, thought; ul.l.u (ul.l.i-) to think, think on, remember (Ta.); ul.l.am, ul.l.akam mind (Ma.); ol.agu heart (Ka.); ol.avu the mind, secret, thought (Tu.); ust heart, mind, centre, inside, kernel (Br.); ugli heart, mind (Malt.)(DEDR 698). ul. inside, interior of a place, mind, heart; a locative ending; ul.l.am mind, heart (Ta.); ul.l.u inside, locative ending (Ma.); ul. the inside; in, into; ul.par.- (ul.pat.-) to obey (Ko.); ul. the inside; in, into; ul.por.- (ul.pot.-) to agree (To.); ul. the inside; ol. id.; in, into; ol.a, ol.avu the inside; ol.agu that is inside, the inside; in, into; ol.age in the inside, in, into (Ka.); ol.i the inside; ul.l.i inner thought (Kod..); ul.a the inside, inner part; ul.a_yi in, into; ol.a inner, internal; ol.avu the mind (Tu.); ullamu the heart, mind; lo_ in, inside; inner, internal, inside; lo~_ga within, in, inside; lo~_gad.a interior; lo~_gali, lo~_gili interior of a house, house; lo_nu the inside, heart, mind; lo_na (inscr.), ol.ana (7th cent.), l.o_na (9-10th cent.) within, inside, inwardly; lo_n-agu to come under one's control; lo_pala within, in, inside; lo~_gu, lon.gu, lo~_bad.u to yield, submit, be subdued, retreat; lo~_kuva subordination, subjection; subordinate, subject to; lo~_cu to subdue; loggu to be humbled, subdue (Te.); lo.pal the inside; in, inside (Kol.); lo_pa adv. inside; lo_pal the inside (Nk.); lopun inside (Nk.); ole(k) house (Pa.); ule, ullen id. (Ga.); ro_n (obl. ro_t-), lo_n house; lo_ta wife; lo_tad (pl. lo_tav) female member of a house; lo_tur male member of a house; ro_pa_ within; ropa_, roppa_, roppa_t.e, rappor. inside; ropa_ inside, within; ropo, lopo, lappa, lopa inside (Go.); lo'i, lo'o inside (Kond.a); olbi- (-t-) to think, ponder; feel, regret (Kond.a); lai within, inside; below; laiki to the inside of, within; towards a point below, below; lai lai within, below, in secret, secretly; lait.i from within, within, from below, below (Kui); loi below; ro_'i beneath; r.o_'i under; or.pali, onpinai to think; on.p- (-it-) to think (Kuwi); ula_ inner room; in, inside; or.^ogna_, or.ga'a_na_ to believe, think, fancy, assume (Kur.); ule inside, within; ugli heart, mind; ugleye to think, wish, care for; uglare to remember; uglatre to remind (Malt.); ura_ house, wife; ust heart, mind, centre, inside, kernel (Br.)(DEDR 698). cf. ul. the inner side, inside (Ka.Ta.Ma.); lo_ (Te.)(Ka.lex.) Home town; interior of a place; secret: ul.ku-tal < ul.l.u- heart of a town (nin-r-an-aiyul.ki yul.l.amurukum perun.ka_tal : Tiruva_ca. 5,56)(Ta.); ul. inside, interior of a place; place; that which is private, secret, esoteric; ul.l.at.i that which is secret (W.); ul.l.u_r heart of a town, interior of a village (Kur-al., 216); own town, home (Na_lat.i, 286); ul.manai house site within a village, usu. with reference to the brahman quarter, opp, to pur-amanai (C.G.); ul.-vi_t.u room within a room, closet; ul.l.ar-ai inner room, closet (Ta.); ul.l.ar-a (Ma.); ul.l.itai inner space (Iraku. Tacarata. 51); private affair, secret (W.); ul.l.iruppu reserve cash; ul.l.i_t.u inherent substance (Ka_cippu. Kat.avul.. 18); bond; secret (W.)(Ta.lex.) ho_lad.a_, ho_lara_ name of a place in Kashmir (Skt.); ho_la_ name of a town; ho_la_h- pl. a country of Udi_cya (Skt.); wolur name of a paragana (K.)(CDIAL 14181). hudr.a a compartment, an apartment, a room, ceiling, upper room (Santali.lex.)  

998.Image: take out idol in procession: ur-cava-pe_ram < ut-sava + be_ra idol taken out in processions (Ta.lex.) be_ram < be_ra (Pkt.) form, shape (Nan-. 273, Mayilai.); body; idol, utsava-be_ram (Ta.lex.) Enterprise, festival: utsah to be able to, make effort (S'Br. i.2.6.12; TBr. i.1.6)(Vedic.lex.) utsava enterprise (RV.); festival (MBh.); ussava festival (Pali); ucchava, ucchaa, ussava, u_sava (Pkt.); wochav, wochuw^u (K.); uchau, ochau, ocho feast given to brahmans (S.); ucha festival (Or.); osa_ festival, vow (Or.)(CDIAL 1876). cf. di_po_tsava festival of lights (Skt.) ussahati venture (Pali); uchahai is delighted (OG.)(CDIAL 1878). u_cha_ha interest, joy (OG.); ucha_h interest, joy (G.); usa_va exertion (Si.); utsa_ha power, firmness (Mn.); joy (Skt.); ussa_ha strength, energy, goodwill (Pali); uccha_ha, u_sa_ha strength, energy, eagerness (Pkt.); ucha_h, ucha_ha eagerness, preparation (Or.); ucha_hu festival (OAw.); ucha_h, ucha_w (H.); ucha_ha merriment, festival (OMarw.)(CDIAL 1882). usso_l.hi exertion (Pali); usol.iya (Si.)(CDIAL 1891). ur..avu bodily exertion (Ta.); ur..a to experience sorrow, fatigue; ur..appu suffering (Ta.); ur..ai to labour hard, toil, suffer, hardship; earn; ur..aippu toil, industry, effort, earnings; (inscr.) ur..appam work (Ta.); ur..akka to be wearied, despair; ur..ayuka, ur..ekka to labour; ur..appu labour (Ma.); ur..gi, uggi a kind of penance (Ka.)(DEDR 680). cf. so_d.ha endured (MBh.Pkt.); inf. so_d.hum (Skt.); s^ad.un to endure (K.)(CDIAL 13603). 

999.Enterprise; festival: utsava enterprise (RV.); festival (MBh.); ussava festival (Pali); ucchava, ucchaa, ussava, u_sava, o_sava (Pkt.); wochav, wochuw^u (K.); ucha, ocha, ocho feast given to brahmans (S.); ucha festival; osa_ festiva, vow (Or.)(CDIAL 1876). uddhava sacrificial fire, festival (Skt.); uddhavia worshipped (Pkt.); u_dhav, u_dho festival (H.)(CDIAL 2012). cf. uddhars.a flaring upwards (of flame)(Skt.); udaha erection, flaring upwards (Si.); lom-udaha horripilation (Si.)(CDIAL 2011). ujavin.e~ to conclude any religious ceremony; ujavn.e~ to be concluded (M.); udya_pana conclusion (Skt.); udya_pita finished; vrato_dya_pana (Skt.); uyya_pe_ti takes out (Pali); ujja_viya expanded (Pkt.); ujjamiya concluded (of a vow)(Ap.); uja_iba, ujua_iba_, uja_i~ba_ to complete a vow, to finish; ujua~_, uja~_ completion (Or.); ujavvu~ to conclude a religious vow; ujjhavvu~ (G.); ujja_van.a, ujjavan.a ceremonies at the end of a vow (Pkt.); ujjaman.a (Ap.); ujamn.u~ (G.); ujavn.i_ bringing a religious rite to a conclusion (M.)(CDIAL 2053). ur-cavam < ut-sava temple festival (Caivaca. Potu. 346); public festivity; wedding (Ta.lex.) utsavah. a festival, joyous or festive occasion, jubilee; height, elevation; wish, rising of a wish; utsava-san.ke_ta_h. pl. name of a people, a wild tribe of the Himalaya (Skt.lex.) Great festival: maho_tsava great festival (MBh.); mahocchava, maho_sava, mahussava, mahu_sava (Pkt.); mahoccha_ celebration, appointment of a new mahout (P.); mahocha_ great festival (H.); mochava (OG.)(CDIAL 9979). udyacchati undertakes, is diligent (MBh.); ujjamai is diligent (Pkt.); ujma_vu~ to be delighted (G.); ujamn.i_ a feast (G.)(CDIAL 2049). udyama undertaking, striving after, zeal (R.); ujjama exertion, zeal (Pkt.); u_jama endeavour (OG.); ujam zeal, industry, occupation (G.)(CDIAL 2048). udya_sa effort, exertion (VS.); yasyati froths up (RV.); heats or exerts oneself (Car.); yasati (Pa_n..); ujhan.u to please, suit, agree with one's fancy (S.);; ujjhasa effort (Pkt.); ujjhasia best, excellent (Pkt.); Öyas strive (Skt.)(CDIAL 2050). sam.ya_sa exertion (VS.); sa_ya_sa exertion, labour (OM.)(CDIAL 12985). a_yah--s'u_lika active, diligent, indefatigable; a man who, in order to gain an object, uses forcible instead of gentle means; a_yam to grasp, possess; a_yas to exert oneself; to weary oneself, become exhausted or fatigued; a_ya_sa effort, exertion, trouble; fatigue, weariness (Skt.lex.) 

1000.Truth; lie: iji a lie; ija_r liar (Bshk.)(CDIAL 2093). uje, ujene truth, accuracy, certainty; true, etc.; truly, etc. (Kui); u_jjoje'e falsely; u_jje'e falsehood; ucee veh'nasi liar (Kuwi); ujgo_ uprightness, moral rectitude; adj. straight, upright; straight, right, true, straightforward (Kur.); ugjo true, real; truth (Malt.)(DEDR 583A). r.ju straight, honest (RV.); r.jvi_ (Skt.); uju, ujuka, ujju, ujjuka straight (Pali); uju, ujua, ua, uaa, riju, riu, ujju, ujjua, rijju, am.ju (Pkt.); uzo clean; uzar to make clean (Gypsy); u~_za straight (Dm.); u_c (Pas'.); u_juk, u_jak (Kal.); uzu easy (A.); uj, uja_ straight, honest (B.); uju_ id. (M.); ujva_ righthand (M.); udu straight (Si.); urzu_ high up (Gaw.)(CDIAL 2448). uzeme straight (Ash.); uju_me (Wg.)(CDIAL 2449). ijgo straight from here, straight forward (Kur.); igjo true (Malt.)(DEDR 427). cf. nicam certainty, assurance, ascertainment; truth, veracity (Kumare_. Cata. 36); nija id. (Ka.Tu.); nijam id. (Ma.); nijamu (Te.)(Ta.lex.) cf. nija constant (AV.); own (Pali)(CDIAL 7181). nikkuva truth, certainty; truly, certainly (Ka.); nikkamu, nikkuvamu, nikkemu truth, fact, reality, certainty; true, real, certain; nik-kala a true dream (Te.)(DEDR 3663). 

1001.Summit: ucci crown of head, head, summit, zenith; ucca_n.i highest point, top, summit; ukkam head (Ta.); ucci crown of head; ucca_n.i highest point, summit, top (Ma.); us'ky top of tree, zenith (To.); ucci top or crown of head (Ka.Tu.)(DEDR 579). ucca tall, lofty (Mn.); ucca_, uccaih. above (RV.); uccakaih. (Skt.); udac turned upwards, upper (RV.); ucca, uccaka (Pali); ucca, uccaa (Pkt.); (v)uco tall, high; ruco_ (Gypsy); u_c (Pas'.); ucat (Bshk.); ucat high (Psht.); uco excellent (S.); ucca_ high (L.); ucc, u_c high in caste or rank; i_c-ni_c high and low orders of society; ucca_ high; ucera_ a little higher (P.); ucca_, uco high (WPah.); u~_co, u~_c (Ku.); uc, u~c (B.); uca_ tall (Or.); uc (N.B.); uca_ high (Or.); u~_c (Bi.); uca (OMth.); u_c high, good (Mth.); u~_c, u~ca_ high (Bhoj.); u~_ca~_ (OAw.); u~_c, u~_ca_ (H.); uco (OMarw.); u~_cu~, u~_ceru~ (G.); u~c adv. and adj., u~ca_ higher in quality or price (M.); ucca_ve_i raises (Pkt.); uca_n.u to lift (WPah.); ucaun.o to raise, remove (Ku.); u~ca_na (B.); uceiba_, uceiba_ (Or.); uca_na_, u~ca_na_ (H.); us high; usa, uha height (Si.); u~ca_vn.e~ to grow tall (M.); ucakka_ pickpocket (L.P.); uckan.a_ to jump up (P.); ucakka_ pilferer (Mth.H.); ucakna_ to leap up (H.); u~cakvu~ to raise (G.); ucakn.e~ to raise money or credit (M.)(CDIAL 1634). uyar to rise, be high, elevated, lofty; uyarcci height, excellence; uyartti excellence; uyarttu to lift up, elevate, raise (as price); uyarnto_r persons born in the higher castes; uyarpu height, mound, greatness (Ta.); uyarvu lofty height, greatness; uyaram, ucaram height, eminence; uyari that which is tall; ocar to be raised; ocatt to lift; ocatti height; ocakke above; ocaram height (Ta.); uyaruka to rise (as birds), be high, eminent, tall; uyaram height, pride; uyarcca elevation; uyarttuka to raise, elevate (Ma.); oyande that which is high (of field in a valley); oyandadi the place higher up (Kod..); o_rige tallness, height (Tu.)(DEDR 646). usat.a raised, eminent (As'.); us'r.ta raised, high (Skt.)(CDIAL 1889). To lift up: ussa_re_ti causes to go away or receede (Pali); lifts up (Pali); osa_ran.u to cause to spring up, to raise, to build (S.)(CDIAL 1881). ussave_i raises (Pkt.)(CDIAL 1877).  

1002.Disgust: uca_t. scolding (P.); dejection (Ku.); disgust, loathing (N.); disgust (H.); impatience, anxiety (G.); impatience (M.); usa_t. rising in sudden anger (A.); uca_t.an dejection (B.Or.); uca_t.n.e~ to be sick of (M.)(CDIAL 1635). ve_ca_t.ai sorrow; ve_caram, ve_car-avu, ve_car-ikkai id., weariness, fatigue; ve_car-u to be weary, fatigued, be vexed, distressed; ve_cat.al mental agitation; ve_ca_r-u to be weary, fatigued, be vexed, distressed (Ta.); ve_ca_r-al weariness, sorrow (Ta.); ve_ca_r-u anxiety (Ma.); be_ja_ru weariness (from fatigue, pain, vexation), annoyance; be_sar(u) (be_satt-) to grow weary or fatigued, get tired of, be disgusted, be vexed; weariness, fatigue, disgust, vexation, dispiritedness; be_sar-a, be_sar-ake, be_sar-ike weariness, etc.; be_sar-isu to cause to be weary (Ka.); be.ja.ra sorrow (Kod..); be_ja_ru weariness, fatigue, disgust, offence, vexation, annoyance; be_saru fatigue, weariness, vexation, disgust; fatigued, weary; be_saru a_pini to get tired, be weary (Tu.); bisirige homesickness (Kor.); ve_sat.a fatigue, weariness; ve_saramu trouble, fatigue; ve_sarincu to trouble; ve_sa_ru to be troubled or fatigued, be disgusted (Te.); be_-za_r (H. < Pers.)(DEDR 5524). ubbeja, san.vega, jiguccha_, ubbijjati, pp. ubbigga disgust; jeguccha disgusting (Pali.lex.) 

1003.Frost: o_s.ati burns (RV.); us.yate_ is burnt (Sus'r.); os.e_ to be frostbitten (Dm.); us.ak cold (Kho.)(CDIAL 2561). avas'ya_ hoar-frost, dew (Skt.); avas'ya_ya (MBh.); ussa_va (Pali); avasa_ya, o_sa_a, usa_, o_sa_, ussa, o_sa (Pkt.); os' dew (Gypsy); yuc ice (Kt.); u_zu, yu_zu (Pr.); yu_z cold, frost (Wg.); yoz ice (Kho.); yaz (Wkh.); ieg- (IE.); u_s' cold (Pas'.); ho~_s', ows'lin., wo~s' ice (Gaw.); os' ice, cold (Kal.); o_s' ice (Bshk.Tor.); ho~_s'lin. (Savi.); os dew (P.); os' (WPah.); os, wos, wo_s, wo~si~, o_s' (Ku.); os (N.); dew, frost, cold (B.); osa (OAw.); os dew (OAw.H.G.)(CDIAL 855). tuhina forst; tuhinopahata frost-bitten (Pali.lex.) ar-ciram, ar-cirai, acciram early dewy season, first half of the dewy season (Ta.); aykil cold, cold dew, frost, snow, cold season (Ka.)(DEDR 324). cf. hanisu, han.isu to pour (as water); hani, pani to drop; n. drop (of water, dew etc.)(Ka.); pan-i (-pp-, -tt-) to be bedewed, flow out; n.dew, chill, cold, mist, rain, fog, haze (Ta.); panye cold (Malt.); panna~_ id. (Kur.)(DEDR 4035). 

1004.To spring up: uphranu to leap, jump (N.); ophariba to spring off, be flung off (A.); upharn.e~ to winnow (M.)(CDIAL 1916). ucchalati flies up, springs up (Skt.); u_salia having the hair stand on end (Pkt.); ucchalai rises, flies up (Pkt.); ucchalan. to jump (L.); uchalai springs up, overflows (OMth.); uchalna_ to leap (H.); uchal.vu~ to leap (G.)(CDIAL 1843). usal.n.i_ spurting up (M.); uccha_lan.a causing to jump up (Pkt.)(CDIAL 1847). cf. kup-o.ry a standing broad jump (To.)(DEDR 373). cf. uka (-pp-, -nt-) to ascent, rise stately, soar upward (Ta.); ukal.u (ukal.i-) to leap, bound, frisk, gambol (Ta.); ubaru high; above (Tu.)(DEDR 559). cf. urki tap- to jump down (Kol.); urukp- to make to jump (Ga.)(DEDR 667). cf. ur-ukku (ur-ukki-) to jump, leap over (Ta.)(DEDR 713). 

1005.Refuse of food: eccam remains of food, spittle; remainder, residue (Kur-al.,112); eccil saliva, spittle, anything defiled by contact with the mouth; refuse of food, leavings (Na_lat. i,345); eccila_r persons defiled by contact with eccil, low-caste people, untouchables; eccu defect; ecu to remain, be left behind (Ta.); eccil, iccil remains and refuse of victuals; ecci remains of victuals; ecuka to become surplus (Ma.); ecl water that has been used to wash hand after eating, remnants of food, food eaten as part of ceremony as leavings from offering (Ko.); icil pollution of food by being left as a remnant (To.); ejal that which in eating is left on the plates (Ka.); ejalisu to defile; nejela spittle, food or drink which has come in contact with the mouth and is regarded as impure (Ka.); ecci scraps of food that fall to the floor during meal (Kod..); en.gili contamination or defilement by contact with the mouth or spittle, food defiled by touching with the mouth, leavings or remnants of food (Te.); yengul defiled; ingul sikr.in leavings of food (Go.); enz- (-it-) to remain, be left over; es- (-t-) to leave or save (food, etc.) for others, let something remain, leave over (Kond.a); en(g)- (ent-) to be left over (Pe.); engrna_ to remain over (Kur.); en-ge, en-gre to remain over (Malt.)(DEDR 780). khela, el.a_ saliva (Pali.lex.) ucchis.t.a left over, stale, spat out (TS.); leavings (AV.); us'is.t.a (MaitrS.); us'u_to foul, unclean (Sh.); ucchit.t.ha, ucchit.t.haka, uttit.t.ha left over, impure (Pali); ucchit.t.ha (Pkt.); chet.h, dat. chet.as refuse of food (K.); uchit.o sudden choking (Ku.); us.t.a_ left, rejected (of food), foul, used (M.); us.t.e~ stale food, unwashed dish; us.t.a_vin.e~ to defile by tasting (M.); ujul, indul left over from a meal, impure, leavings (Si.)(CDIAL 1850). us.t.a_val. line of leavings where a public meal has been held (M.)(CDIAL 1851). et.h refuse of food (G.)(CDIAL 140). et.hⁱ refuse of a meal; et.hu~ left after eating (G.); a_t.ho defiled (S.); e~t.o leavings of a meal (B.); a~i~t.ha_ (Or.); ai~t.h (Mth.)(CDIAL 1067). cf. cat.t.e_i licks (Pkt.); car., car (Gypsy)(CDIAL 4573). cad.d.ai eats (Pkt.)(CDIAL 4577). eccan- one who performs a sacrifice (Te_va_. 596,9); the deity supposed to be present at a sacrifice and to accept the offerings given (Kantapu. Ya_kacan.. 38)(Ta.lex.) To spit: u_yu (u_s-) to spit (Te.); u.s- (u.st-) id. (Kol.); u_s- id. (Nk.); u_sen spittle (Nk.); ucc- to spit; uckud. spitting, spittle (Pa.); us-, u_c-, u_s- to spit (Ga.); ucc-, us- to spit; uc, u_c, uccul, usul, huccul spittle, saliva (Go.); usk- to spit, spit out (pl. action;); uskul uskle spittle (Go.)(DEDR 578). 

1006.To move horizontally: ucg- (ucgy-) to move slightly horizontally; uck- (ucky-) id. (Ko.); usx- (usxy-) id.; usk- (usky-) id. (To.)(DEDR 577). 

1007.Cuscus-grass: ukiram < us'i_ra cuscus-grass (Mu_. A.); uci_ram cucus-root (cantan-a muci_ran. ko_t.t.am : Tiruva_lava_. 43,16)(Ta.lex.) va_laka a kind of andropogon (VarBr.S.); va_ro andropogon grass (S.); va_l.o (G.); va_l.a_ (M.)(CDIAL 11574). vi_ran.a plant of us'ira (Car. Su. 4.17). us'i_ra (root, vetiveria zizanioides (Car. Su. 4.8, 20,28,41,44). Oil of Vetiver is a volatile oil distilled with steam from the roots of vetiveria zizanioides (andropogon muricatus), a perennial grass... It is a yellowish brown fluid containing an ester of vetivenol... It is used in perfumery, soaps and cosmetics. (Heber W. Youngken, Textbook of Pharmacognosy, Philadelphia, The Blakiston Co., 1950, p. 168). us'i_ra fragrant root of the grass andropogon muricatum (Sus'r.); us'i_ri_ a species of grass (Skt.); u_rs.a_ andropogon serratum (Skt.); usi_ra fragrant root of andropogon muricatum (Pali); usi_ra, o_si_ra a sweet-scented grass (Pkt.); usir fragrant root of khaskhas grass, andropogon muricatum (B.); usi_r (H.); us'i_r (M.); us'i_r a kind of fragrant root (G.); usa_r khaskhas grass, cymbopogon aromaticum, fragrant oil from its roots (P.)(CDIAL 2384). cf. vir..al darbha grass, a kind of sedge, cuscus (andropogon muricatus); vet.t.i, vet.t.i-ve_r cuscus grass (Ta.)(DEDR 5428). cf. vid.an.ga_ embelia ribes (Skt.)(CDIAL 11715). cf. mud.i-va_l.a andropogon muricatus (Tu.)(DEDR 5374). cf. mut.i-va_r..ai cuscus grass, andropogon muricatus (Ta.)(DEDR 4924). cf. iruve_ri cuscus grass (Ta.)(DEDR 488). cf. hri_vera (Skt.lex.) iruve_ri, iruve_li cuscus grass (Ta.); iruve_ri, iruve_li andropogon muricatus (Ma.); irve_ri id. (Tu.); hri_vera, hri_vela(ka)-, hirivera- a kind of andropogon (acc. to some, pavonia odorata)(Skt.)(DEDR 488). iruvi Nepal aconite (Ta.); a drug, Nepal aconite (Ma.)(DEDR 487). hri_ve_ra a kind of andropogon, a drug and perfume, kariyaba_l.a (Ka.lex.) Fragrant root: sirom andropogon muricatus (Santali.lex.) us'i_ra the fragrant root of andropogon muricatus (Ka.lex.) cippa-kasuvu the fragrant grass andropogon schoenanthus (Ka.Te.); cippa-gad.d.i id. (Te.)(DEDR 2533). us'i_rika_ trading in or selling us'i_ra; us'i_ra, us.i_ra, us'i_rakam, us.i_rakam the fragrant root of the plant andropogon muricatus; us'i_ri_ a sort of grass, a small sort of saccharum (Skt.lex.) ila_maccai, ila_miccai cuscus-grass, anatherum muricatum (Ta.); la_majja (Skt.); ila_maccam (S.I.I. ii,123)(Ta.lex.) la_maca, la_macca, la_majja, la_manca, la_vanca, la_majjaka (tadbhava of la_majja) a grass with fragrant roots used for fans etc., the cuscus-grass, andropogon muricatus (Ka.lex.) Cymbopogon schoenanthus Gingergrass (iuncus odoratus) is an ingredient of the aromatic substance kyphi (Lise Manniche, An Ancient Egyptian Herbal, British Museum Publications Ltd., p.57). Oil of palmarosa or Indian Germanium oil is a volatile oil distilled with steam from the overground parts of cymbopogon martini or motia, a grass native to India. It is a colourless or light yellow oil possessing an odour resembling germanium and rose. It contains from 65 to 95 per cent of geraniol... It is used in perfumery and as a substitute for oil of rose and oil of geranium. Oil of citronella: a volatile oil obtained by distillation from cymbopogon nardus (andropogon nardus) and cymbopogon winterianus; habitat: Asia. cymbopogon nardus or citronella grass, the chief source of the oil is cultivated extensively in Ceylon where it is known as the lenabatu. Cymbopogon winterianus or maha pangiri grass is cultivated in Malacca and Java. It yields an oil of citronella high in geraniol content... Uses: citronella oil is used as a mosquito repellent either in pure form or in a 25 per cent ointment. It is also employed as a perfume in some soaps. Lemon grass oil, known as oleum graminis citrati and Indian verbena oil, is the volatile oil distilled from the overground part of cymbopogon citratus or from cymbopogon flexuosus... odour of lemon and verbena... It is used in perfuming soap. Cymbopogon citratus is cultivated in tropical countries, especially in Ceylon, India and the West Indies... Cymbopogon flexuosus is cultivated along the Malabar coast of India and yields East Indian Lemon Grass Oil. (Heber W. Youngken, Textbook of Pharmacognosy, Philadelphia, The Blakiston Co., 1950, pp. 167-168). cf. nakhi_ (unguis odoratus)(Skt. Agnipura_n.a) cakranakha the perfume unguis odoratus (Skt.); sakniya a partic. drug (Si.)(CDIAL 4542). Cymbopogon schoenanthus = andropogon schoenanthus: gandhabena (B.); roshisha (M.); rousaghas (H.); bhutika (Skt.); shakanarupillu (Ta.Ka.Te.); plant: aromatic, stimulant; decoction of grass: febrifuge; oil: applied in rheumatism and neuralgia; essential oil; habitat: hotter parts of India, wild or cultivated, from the Punjab to Burma and southwards to Travancore (GIMP, p.87). cymbopogon citratus = andropogon citratus: gandhabena (B.); gandhatrina (H.); khawi (P.); bhustrina (Skt.); vasanappillu (Ta.); nimmagaddi (Te.); vasanappillu (Ma.); oil: carminative in cholera; essential oil; fresh lemon grass contains 0.26-0.52% essential oil containing 78-85.5% citral; grown in gardens in the Punjab, Bombay and Baroda; reported to grow wild in Mysore (GIMP, p.87). kattr.n.a cymbopogon jwarancusa (Car. Su. 2.13, 4.17). Fragrant grass: vanaja a kind of fragrant grass (Skt.lex.) ka_ci-hullu, ka_ciya-hullu, ka_maca, ka_maci, ka_vaci lemon grass, andropogon schoenanthus (Ka.); ka_vat.t.ai, ka_vat.t.am-pul citronella grass, andropogon nardus (Ta.); ka_vat.t.a, ka_vit.t.a-ppul andropogon schoenanthus (Ma.)(DEDR 1485). vana an ingredient in making a perfume with the fragrance of vakula (Br.hatsam.hita_. LXXVI. 29-30). vananam wealth (Vedic) (Skt.lex.) cf. va_laka cuscus grass (Ka.lex.) 

1008.Acacia planifrons: ut.ai acacia planifrons; acacia latronum; acacia eburnea (Ta.); ot.a a kind of thorny tree, umbrella thorn, acacia planifrons (Ma.); od.eja_li acacia planifrons (Ka.)(DEDR 594). cf. ja_li acacia arabica, thorny babool tree (Te.Ka.)(DEDR 2474). cf. ca_likan- a caste of weavers (Ta.)(DEDR 2475). cf. ut.al texture of cloth (Ta.)(DEDR 586). 

1009.Small drum tapering in the middle: ut.ukkai (Ta.); hud.uka (Te.); ud.ukka (Ma.) small drum tapering in the middle (S.I.I.ii,254) (Ta.lex.) ut.ukka a tabor resembling an hour-glass (Ma.); ud.uku a small kind of drum (Tu.); ud.uka small drum of the shape of an hour-glass (Te.); hud.ukka- a kind of rattle or small drum; hud.ukka_ a kind of drum (Skt.)(DEDR 589). d.akka drum (Pkt.); d.akko id. (G.); d.akkiya tom-tom (Si.); d.anka_ drum (P.N.B.Or.H.M.Skt.); d.anko large kettle-drum (G.); d.a_ka_ id. (M.)(CDIAL 5525). cf. t.ama_ram kettle-drum (Ta.)(DEDR 2949). [cf. d.ugd.ugi_ drum (P.H.G.N.)(CDIAL 5559)[Onom.] d.hakke, d.akke, d.an.ka, d.an.ke a double drum, a pair of kettle-drum, a d.hak (Ka.); it.akkai, t.akkai a large drum, a drum double headed (Ta.); d.akke a small double drum, used as a rattle (Te.); d.an.ka_, d.a_n.ka_ a large kettle-drum (Te.)(Ka.lex.) 

1010.Image: network for suspending pots: ut.t.i, ot.t.i coarse network, made of rope or rattan, in which pots or other vessels are suspended from the beams of the house or from the stick thrown across the shoulder, by which they are carried about; upper framework of cradle by which it is suspended (Ka.); ut.t.i network sling in which pots, etc. are suspended; fibres inside a ripe tamarind, etc. (Te.); uttu rope for suspending articles (Nk.); ut-, ut.- to hang (rope from roof, etc.), suspend by rope (Pa.); utip- (utit-), ut.ip- (ut.it-) to make to hang (Pa.); utka, ut.ka ropes of carrying-yoke (Pa.); ut.t.i hanging loop (= ut.t.i (Te.)(Ga.); ut.p- (ut.up-) to hang (Ga.); ut.um rope network suspended in house for holding pots, etc. (Go.); ut.i, ut.u ropes of carrying yoke (Go.); uRi net suspended from roof in kitchen to keep pots (Kond.a); ur-i hoop or rope network for placing pots, and suspended by a cord from the roof of a house, from the hand, or from the end of a pole carried on the shoulder (Ta.Ka.); network for suspending pots (Ma.); ury sling for pots, litter for carrying persons (Ko.); utav a sort of arched framework hung from roof (M.)(DEDR 708). 

1011.Cordia myxa: udal a jungle tree, the bark of which yields fibres used in rope-making (Kur.); udali a tree the fibre of which is used in decorating the Chamd.a bamboos (Malt.)(DEDR App. 14). udda_la the tree cordia myxa or latifolia (Skt.)(CDIAL 1990). buc dare cordia myxa (Santali.lex.) Cordia latifolia: bahuvara, sleshmataka, selu (Skt.) yields a gum; a small deciduous tree growing nearly all over India and cultivated in Bengal; cordia angustifolia: goond, goondnee (H.); cordia myxa: chokargond (H.); naruvili (Ta.); cordia rothii gondi (H.)(Indian Materia Medica, pp. 378-381). 

1012.Image: tree: utal. a tree (Tol. Er..ut. 400, Urai)(Ta.lex.) udal a large forest tree, sterculia colorata (Santali.lex.) gudal a kind of tree (Pa.); kudal a tree the bark of which is used for making rope (Go.); kudali a forest tree from the bark of which the ancients made clothes (Kui)(DEDR 1701). kut.a, kut.i, kut.ha, kut.hi tree; kut.aka a kind of tree (Kaus'.); kud.a tree (Pkt.); kur.a_ tree; kar.ek tree, oak (Pas'.); ko_r. stick (Par.)(CDIAL 3228). kudda_la, kudala, kun.d.ala, kuda_la, kuda_ra the tree bauhinea variegata; ko_vida_ra (Skt.); kudda_la a partic. tree (Pkt.); kura_l id. (A.); kuda_l.a, kuda_ra bauhinea variegata (Or.); ko_vil.a_ra id. (Pali); koira_lo id. (N.); kuira_l a partic. wild tree (Ku.); kal.uvara ebony, diospyros ebenus (Si.)(CDIAL 3287). cf. utal.ai jungle mango, cerbera odollam (Ta.); utal., utal.am id. (Ma.)(DEDR 611). cf. udda_la the tree cordia myxa or latifolia (Skt.Pali.Pkt.); udda_laka (Sus'r.); udda_la the plant cordia myxa or cordia latifolia (Ka.lex.) ["... in the Philippines, rope is made from the bast." Medicinal Plants of the Philippines, p.770.]; ur.a_l bark of bauhinea variegata, rope made of this; u_dal a tree from the bark of which rope is made (H.); oda_r loosely twisted hemp rope (Mth.); oda_l a tree yielding fibre (N.); uda_l a wild tree from the buds and flowers of which a sauce is made (Ku.); oda_la_ a creeper yielding string (P.); oda_l cordia myxa (A.)(CDIAL 1990). gudi a rope for the feet used in climbing palm trees (Ka.); kodi_ a fetter for the feet (Skt.); gudika_lu feet to which that rope is attached; gudi to tie the feet or legs (Ta.lex.) 

1013.Lip: pedavi lip (Te.); pedave id.; pedde_l lips (Kol.); pedave, peddave id.(Nk.); pedeve, pedive id. (Ga.); pilivi, pi_lvi_ id. (Go.); bedve id. (Kond.a); bimma id. (Tu.)(DEDR 4400). ot.t.ha lip; ot.t.hehi phusati v.t..; ot.t.haphut.t.ha pp. (Pali.lex.) Image: brim: utat.u brim, lip, edge of a wound; utat.an- blubber-lipped man; f. utat.i (Ta.); utat.u lip (Ma.); u0ur gums (To.); odad.u, odud.u, odaru lip (Ka.)(DEDR 606). o_s.t.ha lip (RV.); ot.t.ha (Pali.Pkt.); ut.t.ha, hot.t.ha, hut.t.ha (Pkt.); o_s't, vus't (Gypsy); o_s.t. (Ash.); u_s.t., wu_s.t. (Wg.); yu_s.t. (Kt.); u_t.h, u_s.t. lip; us.t. bank of a river (Pas'.); u_s.t., us.t. lip (Kal.); o~_t.u upper lip; o~_t.i lower lip (Sh.); o_t.e (D..); wut.h, wut.has lip (K.); hot.h (L.); hot.h, ho_t.h (P.); ot.h, ho_t.h (WPah.); u~_t.h, o_t.h (Ku.); ot.h (N.); o~_t.h (A.); ot.ha (Or.); ot.h (Mth.Bhoj.); o~_t.h, ho~_t.h (Aw.); ot.h, o~t.h, hot.h, ho~t.h (H.); ot.h, hot.h (G.); ot.h, o~t.h, hot. (M.); ot.a (Si.)(CDIAL 2563). odad.u, odaru, odud.u the lip (Ka.); utat.u, itar.. (Ta.); pedave, pedime (Te.)(Ka.lex.) itar.. lip (Nan-. 81)(Ta.lex.) Image: eyelid: itar.. eyelid (Kur-icip. 247)(Ta.lex.)  

1014.Indian ash tree: uti, oti Indian ash tree, odina wodier; uti falcate trumpet flower, dolichandrone falcata (Ta.); uti, oti odina pinnata (Ma.); ud.i odina wodier (Ka.); oddi odina pinnata (Te.); oddi_ id. (Kol.)(DEDR 614). Odina wodier = lannea grandis common in deciduous forests throughout India (GIMP, p.149). Odina wodier, rhus odina: jingini, ajashringi, netrashuddhi (Skt.); jingan, kashmal (H.); jiol (B.); besharam (Deccan); shembat (G.); muya (M.Kon.); shimtee, poonu (Ka.); udimaram (Ma.); udayan, odiyamaram, anicarra (Ta.); oddimanu (Te.); met with generally in hotter parts of India... decoction of the bark... astringent... fresh juice of the bark is a valuable application to sore eyes... Gum of the tree made into an ointment with cocoanut milk or into a liniment with brandy is a good application to sprains and bruises. Internally, gum is given in asthma and as a cordial to women during lactation... (Indian Materia Medica, pp. 867-868). Dolichandrone falcata: hawar (H.); manchingi (Bombay); kadatathie (Ta.); action: abortifacient and a fish-poison; varieties: black, white and red. (Indian Materia Medica, p. 457). 

1015.Besmear: uddu, ujju to rub (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) uttu_l.an-am besmearing parts of one's body with dry sacred ashes (Tan.ikaippu. Ira_ma. 22); uttu_l.ittal to besmear parts of one's body with dry sacred ashes (Tiruva_ca. 6,22); uttu_l.am id. (Cit. Cika_. Vipu_ti. 14); ud-dhu_lana (Skt.)(Ta.lex.) uddhu_la powdered, sprinkled with; uddhu_lana powdering, sprinkling with as with ashes; uddhu_lanan.geysu to cause to powder etc. (Ka.lex.) cf. uddhu_layati sprinkles with powder (skt.); uddhu_le_i powders, scatters (Pkt.); udhal.n.e~ to throw about (dust etc.), scatter, winnow, expend lavishly (M.); uddhu_lan.a sprinkling with dust (Pkt.); udhal.an., udhal.n.i_ (M.)(CDIAL 2027). cf. dhu_d.i, dhu_li dust, powder (Skt.)(CDIAL 6835). udvartana, udvarta rubbing and cleaning the body with fragrant unguents; the unguents used for that purpose; udvartana_laya a bath-room (Ka.); udvarta, udvartana going up, rising, swelling; urbu to rise, to swell; to be puffed up; ubbu to swell, increase (Ka.lex.) u_du to swell (Tu.lex.) 

1016.Image: wicker basket; trap: u~_ta basket snare to catch fish, coop to keep animals in (Te.); u~_du snare for fish made of basket work (Te.); u_ta bamboo trap (Pa.); trap (Go.); u_r-r-al wicker basket for catching fish, wicker basket for covering chickens (Ta.); or-r-a_l, or-r-il a wicker basket (Ma.)(DEDR 762). Image: to trap: ut.t.- to be trapped, caught in a trap (Ga.); urra_na_ to be jammed in a trap (of fish)(Go.)(DEDR 595). u_r-r-am wicker basket for covering chickens; u_r-r-a_lkavi-ttal to set a wicker basket for catching fish; u_r-r-uppar-i wicker basket for catching fish in tanks and ponds (Ta.lex.) 

1017.Image: snare; warp: urd warp (Oss.); undri_ snare (Ash.); udri~_, uli_ (Pas'.)(CDIAL 2336). otor warp of web (Santali.lex.)  

1018.Woven: u_ta, uta- woven (Skt.); wu_n^u pp. of wo_nun (K.)(CDIAL 2406). u_yate_ is woven (Gr.); u_yati, uyyati (Pali); ujanu, u_janu (S.); oja weaving, texture (S.)(CDIAL 2419). ut.an- adv. together with (Pu. Ve. 10, Cir-appir-.9); ud.an id. (Ma.); od.an id. (Ka.); ut.an- altogether (Kur-al., 309); ut.an-ku_t.t.attatika_ri the head of the village assembly in the days of the Co_r..a administration (S.I.I. iii,35); ut.an-pan.ku joint share, joint heirship; ut.an-pun.arppu inseparable concomitance (Man.i. 27,243, Arum.)(Ta.lex.) jud.ia met (Pkt.); jur.an. to be joined (L.); jur.an.u to fit, be prepared, be built (S.); jur.na_ to be joined, be mended, be gained (P.); jur.n.a_ to be obtained (WPah.); jur.nu to meet in battle (WPah.)[cf. ut.an-r-al war (Ta.lex.)]; jur.n.o to meet (Ku.); jur.a_ to be fastened, meet, happen (B.); jurai assembles, meets (A.); jur.na_ to be joined, copulate, come to hand (H.); julna_ to be united, agree (H.); jud.ai to be fastened (OMarw.); unites, is fitting (OG.); jud.n.e~ to come together (M.); jut.an. to be joined, be engaged in (L.); jut.a_ to come together or to hand (B.); jut.nu to be assembled, happen (N.); jut.e together (Mth.); jut.na_ to unite, cohere (H.); jut.n.e~ to combine (M.); jo_d.e_i joins (Pkt.); jor.an. to join, add up (L.); jor.n.a_ to join (P.); jor.n.o (Ku.); jornu (N.); zoriba to fix (arrow to bow), clear (jungle), cover (A.);[cf. ut.akku to be fitted to the string of the bow (as an arrow)(Ta.); ut.akku catch, latching, notch (Ma.)(DEDR 585)]; jorab fasten, join (Mth.); jor.a_, jur.a_ (B.); jor.iba_, jur.iba_ (Or.); jorai to fasten, join (OAw.); jor.na_ (H.); jo_d.ai (OMarw.); jor.vu~ (G.); jod.n.e~ (M.); jor. joint (B.); zora_ joint (A.)(CDIAL 10496). jaoa twins; honkin jaoa id. (Mu.); yam (H.Sadani); dwi two (Skt.); jur.i second of a pair (Mu.); jor.i_ a pair (H.)(Mu.lex.) To be united: or-r-ittal to be united with ; to become one with (Ci. Po_. Cir-. 5,1)(Ta.lex.) od.ar, od.arcu, od.ricu, od.arisu to join, undertake, begin, do, perform, produce, make an effort; od.arcisu to undertake, begin (Ka.); od.amu to be produced, arise (Te.)(DEDR 944). Contract: ut.an- altogether, immediately after (Ta.); ut.an--pa_t.u to agree, yield; ut.an-pat.ikkai contract, agreement, promise; ut.am-pat.u to harmonize; ut.an--pa_t.u consent, accord; ut.antai union, alliance, relationship; -o_t.u, -ot.u with (Ta.); ut.an together with, at once; ut.am-pet.uka to agree; ut.am-pat.i agreement, contract; ut.appam, ut.anma, ut.ama friendship, relation; -o_t.u, -ot.u with (Ma.); -o.r. id. (Ko.); -wir. with, after; wit.k together, undivided (To.); od.an, od.am, od.a union, together, as soon as; with; od.am-bad.u, od.a-bad.u to agree, consent; od.a-bad.ike agreement, treaty (Ka.); od.a with; od.am-bad.ike, od.am-bad.ige agreement, consent, treaty; dambad.ipuni, dambad.iyuni, dambad.isuni to please, reconcile, appease, persuade; dambad.ige delight, pleasure, love, acquiescence, persuation (Tu.); od.am-bad.u, od.a-bad.u to consent, agree; od.am-bad.ika, od.a~-bad.ika agreement, consent, treaty; od.am-bar-acu, od.a~-bar-acu to persuade; od.a~-ba_t.u consent, assent (Te.)(DEDR 945). 

1019.Image: pannier: u~_ta pannier (Te.)(DEDR 762). u_ta woven; u_ti weaving, sewing (Ka.lex.) 

1020.Olibanum: u_da olibanum (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) cf. kunduru olibanum (Skt.lex.) Smoke: cf. u_dra smoke raised for driving off mosquitoes (Ka.); u~_dara smoke used to drive out or kill an animal or to ripen fruit (Te.); und.- to smoke; und.ul, und.ul(i) smoke (Go.)(DEDR 744). hu offers libation (Skt.); hunati id. (Skt.); hunitabba to be sacrificed (Pali); hun.ai offers libation; hun.ia pp., hun.an.a (Pkt.); hune sacrifices (MB.); hunna_ (H.)(CDIAL 14139). havis oblation (of ghee, milk, rice etc.)(RV.); huta poured out as an oblation (RV.)(CDIAL 14019). ho_tr.ka assistant of the ho_tr., priest (S'Br.); ho_traka (AitBr.); hottiya member of a sect of va_naprastha ascetics (Pkt.); wuto_, uto_ high priest (Kt.); wuta_, uto_ (Pr.)(CDIAL 14176). Flow: hud.ati, hun.d.ati collects (Dha_tup.); hud.ua flow (Pkt.); hur-hur blazingly (N.)(CDIAL 14136). cf. er.we to sacrifice, propitiate, worship (Malt.)(DEDR 790). 

1021.Reciting: o_tuvittal to teach the ve_das and other scriptures (Tiv. Periya_r... 4,8,1); o_tu-tal to read, recite audibly in order to commit to memory (Kur-al., 834)(Ta.); o_du (Ka.Tu.); o_tu (Ma.); to utter mantras, repeat prayers (Tiruva_ca. 41,7); o_tuva_r s'aiva ve_l.a_l.as appointed to recite sacred Tamil hymns in s'aiva temples and monasteries (Ta.); o_ttu reciting; uttering as a mantra (Te_va_. 586,4); the ve_da (Man.i. 13,25); section or chapter of a book (Tol. Po. 480); rule, principle, law (Kur-al., 3, Pari.)(Ta.lex.) ho_tr., ho_tr., ho_ta_ra an offerer of oblation or burnt-offering; a priest who at sacrifice invokes the gods or recites the hymns of the r.gve_da, a priest conversant with the r.gve_da (Ka.Skt.); ho_tra anything intended or fit for offering with fire (generally clarified butter); the clarified butter so offered; an oblation with fire, a burnt-offering; a sacrifice; vi_ti-ho_tra agni, fire; ho_tri a sacrificing priest; the priest who offers the oblation (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) ho_tr.ka assitant of the ho_tr., priest (S'Br.); ho_traka (AitBr.); hottiya member of a sect of va_naprastha ascetics (Pkt.); wuto_, uto_ high priest (Kt.); wuta_, uto_ (Pr.)(CDIAL 14176). hutta sacrifice; huta (pp. of juhati) sacrificed, worshipped, offered; oblation; hotta offering (Pali.lex.) Educated; an office; a title; a post: ho_da_ < uhda_ (U.) position, status (C.G.)(Ta.)(Ta.lex.) huda a title, a cognomen, office, class; huda hudae rakapena he rose step by step; hor. hudare gidrako emok kana par.haok lagit santals send their children to be educated; hudawan hor a titled person (Santali.lex.) hudde an office, a post (Ka.); hudda_ (M.H.); hudde_da_ra one holding a public charge; an officer (Ka.M.); hudde_da_ri relating to a hudde_da_ra; the business of a hudde_da_ra (Ka.)(Ka.lex.)  

1022.Frankincense; ashes of frankincense: u_da, u_du frankincense (Ka.M.H.); u_dinakad.d.i, u_duda_ni id. (Ka.lex.) udi, u_da_ ashes of frankincense; brown (Ka.M.); u_da_, udi, u_di brown, purple, lilac, dark flesh colour, sky-blue, s'ya_va, s'ya_ma = dark brown, dark (Ka.Te.H.)(Ka.lex.) u_ta_ purple, violet (Ta.); u_da_ (U.)(Ta.lex.) u_dagad.d.i = u_dugad.d.i a thin stick covered with frankincense; u_du-batti id. (Tu.); u_da-batti id. (Ka.); u_du-da_ni, u_dubatti gid.a a receptacle for the u_dubatti made of metal in the form of a tree (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) Fumigation: u_tal-po_t.ukai fumigation for making green fruits ripe as plantains; fumigation so as to expose the hole of rodents as a bandicoot to smoke and so force them to run away; u_tu to refine with fire, as gold, put.ampo_t.utal; u_ntu cardamom husk, kacco_lam; u_tuvatti incense stick, joss stick (Ta.); u_d + (U.) (Ta.lex.) Image: smoke: u_dra smoke raised for driving off mosquitoes (Ka.); u~_dara smoke used to drive out or kill an animal or to ripen fruit (Te.); und.- to smoke; und.ul, und.ul(i) smoke (Go.)(DEDR 744). cf. u_du-batti incense stick (Ka.lex.) 

1023.Bride; wife: u_d.he a bride, a wife espoused according to the ritual (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) u_d.ha married (Pkt.); vu_d.hi_ she went (OG.); vud.hvu~ to go (G.)(CDIAL 2400). navo_d.ha newly married (RV.); naor.ha newly-wed wife (OH.)(CDIAL 7024). u_d.ha carried, born (Vedic.lex.) u_d.hi carrying (Skt.)(CDIAL 2401). u_t.al love quarrel, between husband and wife, arising from jealousy, appropriate to the agricultural tracts, one of five uri-p-porul. (Nampiyakap. 25); u_t.aluvakai pleasure derived from reunion after sulking, from temporary variance and huff between husband and wife (Kur-al., 133, Ati.); u_t.u-tal to feign displeasure, as a wife for her husband or vice versa in order to enhance his or her affection; to be sulky (Kur-al., 1330)(Ta.lex.) adhyu_d.he (adhi-u_d.he) a wife whose husband has married an additional wife (Ka.); u_d.ha carried; moved; married (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) pravut.ai adolescent girl (Na_mati_pa. 181); stage of growth of a woman between her thirty-first and fifty-fifth year (Kantapu. Intirapuri. 33)(Ta.lex.) praud.ha, pavud.a, pravud.a, prahud.a, praud.hya grown up, full-grown, fully developed, matured, perfected (as the body, mind, or person); mature, adult, old; married; proficient; great, illustrious, grand, mighty, strong, dignified; ornate, polite; thick, dense as darkness; impetuous, impulsive, violent; confident, bolt, arrogant, audacious; forward; raised up, lifted up; (at the end of a cmpd.) filled with, full of (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) cf. praud.ha full of (MBh.); praud.ha_ experienced mistress (Skt.); po_d.ha grown up, capable, clever (Pkt.); por.ho very old (S.)(CDIAL 9021). pavis.u, pavucu < bavisi (Te.) affluence, opulence, prosperity; felicity, splendour (Ira_mana_. Yutta. 29); pride (Tiruppu. 520)(Ta.lex.) praud.hatara very grand; praud.hate the state of being grand etc.; confidence, arrogance; praud.havati, pavud.avati a fully developed and perfected woman, a woman bold in her ways, a proficient or clever woman; praud.hi growth, increase; maturity, perfect state of body or mind; elevation, greatness, grandeur, pomp; proficiency; self-confidence, arrogance; boldness; zeal, enterprise, exertion; praud.hike, pravud.ike, prahud.ike grandeur, proficiency; praud.hime, pravud.ime, prahud.ime grandeur, proficiency; praud.he, pavud.e a female arrived at puberty; a married woman from thirty to thirty-five years of age; a violent or impetuous woman who stands in now awe of her lover or her husband, a woman of impetuous desires; a proficient or accomplished woman (Ka.lex.) hud.uga, ud.uga, hud.aga a boy (to the age of about sixteen years)(Ka.); a child, whether male or female (Ka.M.); bud.ate, bud.ute a little one or child (Te.); bud.atad.u, bud.utad.u a male child (Te.); hud.ugi, ud.ugi, hud.agi, hud.ige, hud.igi a girl (to the age of about sixteen years)(Ka.); cf. hut.t.u, put.t.u birth etc. (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) vyu_d.ha expanded, wife, broad, large; arrayed, arranged (Ka.); vyu_d.ha-kan.kat.a accoutred, mailed, armed (Ka.Skt.)(Ka.lex.)  

1024.Credit: uddari, udari, udri (Tadbhava of uddha_ra) the money owed upon goods purchased on trust or credit (Ka.); udha_ra (M.)(Ka.lex.) uddha_ra deduction, a part to be set aside; taking away; a debt, especially a debt not bearing interest, obligation (Ka.lex.) uda_ru debt; credit (Ka.M.)(Ka.lex.) udhar on credit, not paying ready money; udarten. agukeda I bought it on credit (Santali.lex.) Buying and selling on credit: uddha_ra act of raising (Gaut.); deliverance (MBh.); loan (esp. without interest)(Skt.); tax, debt (Pali); taking away, protection, loan (Pkt.); udha_ra loan (S.); udha_r (L.P.WPah.Ku.N.); purchase on credit (Bi.); debt (Bhoj.H.); buying and selling on credit (M.); udha_ro credit account (G.); udha_ra_ loan (L.); udha_ro (Ku.N.); udha_ra (MB.Or.); dha_r (B.); (CDIAL 2018). usna_ borrowed, lent (M.)(CDIAL 1873). nirdha_r free from debt (H.)(CDIAL 7285). 

1025.Image: to push: untu to push out, thrust forward, fling, cast away (Ta.); untuka to push, thrust, shove; untu a push, shove; untikka to cause to push (Ma.); ud- (udy-) to push (person, small object with hand)(Ko.); to jostle (To.)(DEDR 625). hud.adi a game at which boys push, shove and beat one another (often played in moonshine)(Ka.); hundad.a_, hundad.i_, hututu (M.)(Ka.lex.)

1026.Image: body of a ya_r..: unti body of a ya_r.. (Tol. Col. 399, Urai); untutal to thrum, as a string of the ya_r.. (Poruna. 23); untal thrumming to test the strings of the ya_r.. (Ku_rmapu. Kan.n.an-man.am. 146)(Ta.lex.) cf. unti navel, belly (Ta.)(DEDR 624). 

1027.Overflowing: utsa_dana putting away (S'Br.); causing to fill up (Sus'r.); raising (Skt.); ussa_dana overflowing (Pali)(CDIAL 1879). Ascends; is produced: utpatati flies up, ascends (RV.); is produced (MBh.); utpa_tayati causes to fly up or rise (RV.); uppatati flies up, jumps up (Pali); upur.an.u, upir.an.u to grow up, increase, get better (S.); uppar.n.a_ to arrive (P.); upar.vu~ to move away, depart, be lifted, rise, swell (G.); upa_in.u to bale out water (S.); u_pa_d.ai lifts (OG.); upa_r.vu~ to lift up, withdraw (money)(G.)(CDIAL 1811).  

1028.To plough; to dig up: uddhanti turns up the earth (TS.); lifts up (RV.); udhinnu to dig up (of pigs), rummage; udhinne pig (N.); udhin.n.o to tear with teeth or nails, pierce, skin (Ku.)(CDIAL 2007). cf. dunnu to plough (Te.lex.) uddhuno_ti shakes up (RV.); uddhuvvai shakes, fans (Pkt.)(CDIAL 2024). uddhu_ta, udhuta shaken, shaken off, thrown up (MBh.); uddhuta (Pali); uddhu_da, uddhuya shaken, scattered (Pkt.); uduhu_ shaken, kicked up (Si.); udhul to tear asunder (Kal.)(CDIAL 026). uddharati takes out, raises (Pali); uddharai lifts up, roots up, takes away (Pkt.); uddhita, uddhat.a pulled out, cut off, destroyed (Pali); uddhia, uddhaa, uddhad.a raised (Pkt.); udher.n.a_ to rip (P.); udha_rnu_ to be opened up (of stitches and seams)(WPah.); udhranu to be split; udha_rnu to rip up (N.); udha_rn.o to raze (a house) to the ground, dismantle (Ku.)(CDIAL 2009). ta_r.- to dig (Go.); t(r)avvu to dig, excavate (Te.); r.av- to excavate earth (Pe.); ta_r.a to dig out, excavate, scratch out (Kui)(DEDR 3122). udhar irrigation channel (Pas'.)(CDIAL 2010). ur..u to plough, dig up, root up (as pigs), scratch, incise (as bees in a flower); ur..avan-, ur..avo_n-, ur..a_an- ploughman, agriculturist; fem. ur..atti, ur..avu ploughing, agriculture; ur..a_l ploughing, scratching, or probing (as the bees the flowers); ur..anar ploughmen; ur..akku to plough; tunnu (tunni-) id. (Ta.); ur..uka, ur..ukuka, ur..utuka to plough; ur..avu, ur..ama tillage; ur..avan ploughman, farmer (Ma.); ug- (ur.t-) to plough, be ploughed; ukl act of ploughing; u.v one furrow in ploughing (Ko.); us.f- (us.t-) to plough (To.); ur.. (ur..t, utt-) id.; ur..asu, ur..isu, ur..usu to cause to plough; ur..ata, ur..uvike, ur..ike, ur..uke, ur..ke, ukke ploughing (Ka.); u.l.- (upp-, utt-) to plough (Kod..); u_d.uni, hu_d.uni id.; dappuni, ad.apuni, adeppuni, adappuni id.; ura, dappu ploughing; uralu, oralu, oral.u a ploughman's or herdsman's song (Tu.); dunnu, dunu to plough, till; dukki ploughing, tillage(Te.); ur- (urt-) to harrow; to plough (Kol.); ur- to plough, harrow (Nk.); ur.- to plough; d.ukki cultivated upland field called in Halbi. maran (Pa.); u_d.- to plough (Ga.); ur.a_na_, ur.-, ud.- (written ud-), ura_na_, ur.da_na_ id.; lumi'-, lum- (pig) to root up earth; lumm- to root; to gore (as a bull)(Ga.); r.u_- (-t-) to plough, till soil (Kond.a); to plough (Pe.Mand..Kuwi); r.u_va (r.u_t-) id.; ploughing (Kui); u_r.a (u_r.i-) to dig with snout, root up (Kui); ruiyali (ru_-), lu_nai to plough; lu_'nai to nuzzle (of a pig; pajji lu_te); r.uki ploughing bullock, bullock (Kuwi); uina_/uyna_ (ussas) to plough; ugta_ a plough, ploughshare (Kur.); use to turn up the soil (as pigs do)(Malt.)(DEDR 688). cf. u_r..iyam service due to a deity, a guru or a superior by birth, natural obligation, obligation of a slave to his master; u_r..iyan- slave, servant (Ta.)(DEDR 758). udyama act of raising (Ya_j.); undertaking, striving after, zeal (R.); ujjama exertion, zeal (Pkt.); u_jama endeavour (OG.); ujam zeal, industry, occupation (G.)(CDIAL 2048). cf. ujjo_a effort (Pkt.); udyo_ga active preparation, exertion (Skt.); uja preparation (Or.)(CDIAL 2055). anudyo_ga lack of work, laziness (Skt.); an.ujo, an.ojo a day on which artisans do not work such as new moon day (G.)(CDIAL 320). udyacchati undertakes, is diligent (MBh.); ujjamai is diligent (Pkt.)(CDIAL 2049). ujjo_a effort (Pkt.); udyo_ga active preparation, exertion (Skt.)(CDIAL 2055). Image: act of raising: udya_ma act of raising or stretching (S'Br. viii.5.1.13) (Vedic.lex.) udyama, uddami raising or lifting up; udyat rising; great, excellent; udya high (Ka.lex.) Trade: udam work, trade, profession; kam udam din the time when there is work to do from an agriculturist's point of view (Santali.lex.) uddimida_ra a trader, a merchant, a farmer (Ka.lex.) uddami, uddame, uddimi, uddime, uddume, udyami (Tadbhava of udyama) business, occupation, profession (Ka.)(Ka.lex.)  

1030.Image: young male ibex: us.un. young male ibex (Kho.)(CDIAL 1856). Image: oorial; ram: ho_tu, ho_ta, ho_ntu a he-goat (Ka.); ya_ta (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) utal. ram, he-goat (Ta.Ma.)[(utal.u mapparum : Tol. Po. 602). utal. goat, sheep; aries of the zodiac; a tree (Tol. Er..ut. 400, Urai.)(Ta.lex.)](DEDR 610). ut.u goat, sheep [cf.hud.u] (Ta.lex.) hun.d.u_ fighting ram; hu~d.d.u (L.); hun.d.u_ (P.); hun.d.a ram (Ka_s'i_kh.); hud.a, hud.u ram (Skt.); hud.a ram (Pkt.); hur., hu_r. (WPah.); hur.ea_l, hur.ea_r the wild hill sheep or oorial (L.); hur.ia_r (P.)(CDIAL 14136). hud.a dog ~~ ram (Pkt.); hun.d.a_ hyena (Or.)(CDIAL 14137). kor-r-an ram, boar, tomcat (Ma.); kor-r-i ewe, female cat, bandicoot (Ma.)(DEDR 2170). ura_n.i_ (or uran.i_ ?) of uran.a; an ewe; urabbha (Skt. urabhra Latin vervex Anglo-Saxon waru = English ware (originally, sheepskin) = German ware. Pali ura_n.i_ a ram. orabbhika (Skt. aurabhrika) one who kills sheep, a butcher (of sheep) (Pali.lex.) ula_ lamb (H.)(CDIAL 2352). uran.a ram, sheep, young ram (S'Br.); u_ran.a, u_ran.i_ (Pkt.); urani sheep (Tir.); uran. (Sh.); uri_n. wild sheep (Sh.); orna_ lamb (L.); urnu_, urni_ (WPah.)(CDIAL 2349). vra_n.a sheep (Skt.); bran one year old ram (Kho.); two or three year old male oorial (Kho.)(CDIAL 12230). ura_ ewe (RV.); urabhra ram (Sus'r.); urabbha (Pali.Pkt.)(CDIAL 2352). umna (NiDoc.); u_rn.a_ wool (RV.); un.n.a_, un.n.a wool (Pali); wo_n wool (K.); una (S.); unn (L.P.)[un.a_la_ woollen X un.na_ to weave (P.)]; u_n, un (Ku.); un (N.B.G.); ul (Or. X English?); u_n (Mth. H.G.); un.n.ia woollen (Pkt.); uni_ id. (N.); u_ni_ id. (H.)(CDIAL 2424). u_rs.a_ wool (<IE. *wlHso-; cf. Latin vellus < *welsos); u_z.a wool (Pas'.)(CDIAL 2438). e_t.a ram (Te.); e_d.ika (Te.); ye_t.i, e_t.i she-goat (Go.); e_d.u goat (Tu.); e_r.a_ she-goat (Kur.); et.e id. (Malt.); he_t. id. (Br.); ya_t.u goat (Tol. Po. 567)(Ta.lex.); a_t.u goat, sheep (Ta.); a_t.u goat, sheep (Ma.); a.r. (obl.) goat (Ko.); o.d. (To.); a_d.u (Ka.); a.di (Kod..); o_d.a goat (Pe.Kui.Kuwi); u_d.e goat (Mand..); o'd.a_ (Kuwi)(DEDR 5152). ait.ha she-goat 10 or 12 months old (S.)(CDIAL 150). ada goat, ram (Si.); aja goat; aja_ (RV.); ajaka_, ajika_ small or young goat (Pa_n..); aja, ajaka, ajika_, ajiya_ (Pali); aya, aya_ (Pkt.); ajaka_, ajake (As'.); u~_i_ (Shum.); ai (Sh.); ai_ (S.)(CDIAL 145). ajar.u flock of goats (S.); eiyur., aiyyar. flock of sheep or goats (L.); ayyar. (P.)(CDIAL 146). ajjar. flock of goats (L.P.); ijjar. (P.); a_jar.i_ shepherd (L.); a~jr.i_ (P.)(CDIAL 163). he_ni_ she-goat (Gaw.)(CDIAL 149). el.aka ram, wild goat (Pali); ed.aka ram (As'.); e_d.i_, e_d.aka a sheep or goat (Skt.); aid.a ovine (MBh.); aid.aka a kind of sheep (S'Br.); id.ikka wild goat (Skt.); hed.'i sheep (NiDoc.); e_la, e_laya ram (Pkt.); e_d.aya_, e_d.akka (Pkt.); e_r.a_, e_r.o_, yer.o, zer.o ram (Pas'.); e_r.i_, yer.i_ ewe (Pas'.); ye_r.e, yer.o_lik, yer.elik sheep (Shum.); e_r.a, ye_r.a (Gaw.); i_r (Bshk.); oi f. (Tor.); i_ (Mai.); yer.o m., e_r.ia f. (Sv.); yi_r.o (Phal.); e_r.i (Sh.); eli-pavharu goatherd (S.); el.uva_ goat (Si.); e_s' sheep (Sh.)(CDIAL 2512). cf. he_d.a_ crowd, collection (Pkt.); her.i_ pound for cattle (L.); her., her.i_ drove of cattle (G.); hed. drove (of sheep, cattle, etc.)(M.)(CDIAL 14159). ajapa_la goatherd (VS.Pali); ayava_la (Pkt.); wa_l shepherd (Gaw.); wal-moc (Kal.); eiya_l shepherd, goatherd (L.); aya_l flock of sheep or goats; aya_li_, ya_li_ shepherd, goatherd (P.); eva_l.iyo shepherd (Marw.)(CDIAL 151). avi sheep (RV.); avika (Pa_n..); avika_ (RV.AV.); avila_ (Skt.); avi ram (Pali); avilo_ma goat's hair (Pali); avi-, avia-, avila- sheep, goat; avila_ ewe (Pkt.); o..i ewe (Tor.); e_i (Sh.); aviya_ goat (Si.); ai she-goat (Sh.); ai_ (S.)(CDIAL 887). avipa_la shepherd (VS.); opa_r shepherd (Bshk.)(CDIAL 893). avikat.a flock of sheep (Pa_n..); ewar. flock of sheep or goats (H.); ajar.u flock of goats (S.); eiyur. flock of sheep or goats (L.); ayyar. (P.)(CDIAL 888). ait.ha she-goat 10 or 12 months old (S.)(CDIAL 892). aiwa_ra_ shed for sheep, goats or cattle in jungle (H.)(CDIAL 896). we_ sheep (Kt.); wame_ (Wg.); wami_ (Pr.)(CDIAL 895).  

1031.Image: ram; oorial: cf. utal. ram, he-goat (Ta.); ram, goat (Ma.)(DEDR 610). hud.a, hud.u ram (Skt.); hun.d.a (Ka_s'i_kh.); hud.a ram (Pkt.); hur., hu_r. (WPah.); hur.ea_l, hur.ea_r the wild hill sheep or oorial (L.); hur.ia_r (P.); hun.d.u_ fighting ram; hu~d.d.u (L.); hun.d.u_ (L.)(CDIAL 14135). hu~d.a_ crumple-horned (M.)(CDIAL 14087). hi_d.u, i_d. flock (Konkan.i)(CDIAL 14088). he_d.a_ crowd, collection (Pkt.); her.i_ pound for cattle (L.); her., her.i_ drove of cattle (G.); hed. drove (of sheep, cattle etc.)(M.)(CDIAL 14159). 

1032.Image: ram: urappiram < urabhra goat, vel.l.a_t.u (Uri. Ni.)(Ta.lex.) urabhra ram; urn.a_yu, vr.s.n.i ram; uran.a (Ka.Skt.)(Ka.lex.) appar ram, he-goat (utal.u mapparum : Tol. Po. 602)(Ta.lex.) Sheep; wool: uran.a sheep, ram, young ram (S'Br.); u_ran.a, u_ran.i_ (Pkt.); urani sheep (Tir.); uran. lamb; uri_n. wild sheep (Sh.); orna_ lamb (L.); urnu_, urni_ (WPah.)(CDIAL 2349). cf. wu_n^u pp. of wo_num woven (K.)(CDIAL 2406). u_rn.a_ wool (RV.); un.n.a_, un.n.a (Pali); um.na (NiDoc.); wo_n (K.); una (S.); unn (L.P.); un.a_la_ woollen(P.); un.na_ to weave (P.); u_n, un (Ku.); un (N.B.); ul (Or.)(?X Eng.); u_n (Mth.H.); u_n, un (G.); un.n.ia woollen (Pkt.); uni (N.); u_ni_ (H.)(CDIAL 2424). u_rn.na_bhi spider (TBr.); u_rn.ana_bha (S'vetUp.); un.n.ana_bhi (Pali); un.n.ana_bha (Pkt.)(CDIAL 2423). aurn.aka woollen (Pa_n..); aurn.a (RV.); aurn.ika (Pa_n..);ono woollen (S.); unna_ (P.); on.n.iya (Pkt.); uni (N.); u_ni_ (H.)(CDIAL 2570). un.n.a-lo_man hair between eyebrows (Pali); un.ulom, unulom (Si.)(CDIAL 2425). u_z.a wool (Pas'.)(CDIAL 2438). utal. ram, he-goat (Ta.Ma.)[utal.u mapparum : Tol. Po. 602). utal. goat, sheep; aries of the zodiac; a tree (Tol. Er..ut. 400, Urai.)(Ta.lex.)] (DEDR 610). ut.u goat, sheep [cf. hud.u] (Ta.lex.) hun.d.u_ fighting ram; hu~d.d.u (L.); hun.d.u_ (P.); hud.a, hud.u ram (Skt.); hun.d.a (Ka_s'i_kh.); hud.a ram (Pkt.); hur., hu_r. (WPah.); hur.ea_l, hur.ea_r the wild hill sheep or oorial (L.); hur.ia_r (P.)(CDIAL 14136). hud.a dog ~~ ram (Pkt.); hun.d.a_ hyena (Or.)(CDIAL 14137). kor-r-an ram, boar, tomcat (Ma.); kor-r-i ewe, female cat, bandicoot (Ma.)(DEDR 2170). ura_n.i_, ?uran.i_ of uran.a; an ewe; urabbha (Skt. urabhra Latin vervex Anglo-Saxon waru = English ware (originally, sheepskin) = German ware. Pali ura_n.i_ a ram. orabbhika (Skt. aurabhrika) one who kills sheep, a butcher (of sheep) (Pali.lex.) ula_ lamb (H.)(CDIAL 2352). uran.a ram, sheep, young ram (S'Br.); u_ran.a, u_ran.i_ (Pkt.); urani sheep (Tir.); uran. (Sh.); uri_n. wild sheep (Sh.); orna_ lamb (L.); urnu_, urni_ (WPah.)(CDIAL 2349). vra_n.a sheep (Skt.); bran one year old ram (Kho.); two or three year old male oorial (Kho.)(CDIAL 12230). ura_ ewe (RV.); urabhra ram (Sus'r.); urabbha (Pali.Pkt.)(CDIAL 2352). u_rn.a_ wool (RV.); un.n.a_, un.n.a wool (Pali); umna (NiDoc.); wo_n (K.); una (S.); unn (L.P.)[un.a_la_ woollen X un.na_ to weave (P.)]; u_n, un (Ku.); un (N.B.G.); ul (Or. X English?); u_n (Mth.H.G.); un.n.ia woollen (Pkt.); uni_ id. (N.); u_ni_ id. (H.)(CDIAL 2424). u_rs.a_ wool (<IE. *wlHso-; cf. Latin vellus < *welsos); u_z.a wool (Pas'.)(CDIAL 2438). 

1033.Image: wolf: hud.a dog; ram (Pkt.); hun.d.a_ hyena (Or.); hur.a_r wolf (Mth.); hu_r.a_r wolf (N.); huna~_r wolf, hyena (Or.); hu~r.a_r wolf (Mth.H.)(CDIAL 14137).  

1034.Shallow; sandy place: uthal, uthla_ shallow, shelving, shallow-minded (H.); uthal. shallow (M.); utsthala name of an island (SKt.); utthala sandhill, dry sandy place (BHSk.Pkt.)(CDIAL 1899). Steep bank: uddi, uddige low ridge in a field for retaining the water of irrigation (Ka.); uddari a steep bank; uddi bank or dam with a channel on it to convey water pumped into it to higher lands (Te.); utir little heaps of ground for planting rice in marshes (Ma.)(DEDR 622). cf. kot.i rim of pond or tank (Kod..)(DEDR 2049). kun.t.am deep cavity, pit, pool (Ta.); kun.t.a, gun.t.a pond, pit (Te.)(DEDR 1669). unti small island in a river (Maturaik. 245)(Ta.lex.)  

1035.Image: drip through a sieve; dropping down: utir (-v-, -nt-) to drop off (as leaves, fruits), fall out (as hair), be blasted, drop down (as tears), crumble (as cakes), be demolished; (-pp-, -tt-) to cast leaves or fruits (as trees), cause to drop or fall in numbers, strip, knock out (as teeth), shed (as tears), break in pieces; n. crumb, piece, fragment; utiri that which falls off or is separated, paddy that has fallen from the stalk (Ta.); utiruka to fall, drop (as fruits, leaves), moult (as feathers), drip through a sieve; utirkka to cause to drop, shed (tears); utircca, utirmma falling, dropping, showering (Ma.); wi0- (wi0y-) (waist-cloth) slips off (To.); udir, udaru, udur to fall, fal down or off, drop (as fruits or leaves from a tree, hailstones from the sky, teeth, etc.); udirisu, udircu, udarisu, udarcu, udurisu to cause to fall or drop down, etc.; udaru falling or dropping down (Ka.); uduruni, udaruni to fall, drop off, hang down (Tu.)(DEDR 615). cf. utar-u to shake off, shake out (as a cloth)(Ta.); udaru, uduru, udilu to shake (Te.)(DEDR 613). u_r (-v-, -nt-) to be unloosed,relaxed (Ta.); u_ruka to slip off, fall off (Ma.); uriyu to shake, tremble, get loose (Te.)(DEDR 750). r.u_- (-t-) to fall off (hair, leaves)(Mand..); sru_va (sru_t-), jru_va (jru_t-) to be shed, be cast off, fall off (leaves etc.)(Kui)(DEDR 2900). 

1036.Images: to take out lice; to pull: ut- (uty-) to draw out from a bundle, draw from socket or hole (Ko.); utt- (utti-) to untie (knot)(Kod..)(DEDR 617). u_nda_na_, u_nd- to snatch away (Go.); u_nd- to extract (honey from beehive), take out (as lice from the hair)(Kond.a); to take out, take off (hat)(Pe.); to pull (Mand..) (DEDR 745). edp- (edt-) to lift out (Pa.); eh- (est-) to lift off from the fire (Pe.); eh- (-t-) id. (Mand..); ehpa (eht-) to remove something from the fire; save, deliver, rescue; n. deliverance (Kui); ret- to take off from the fire (Kuwi)(DEDR 867). 

1037.High land; up; height: uttun.ga lofty, swollen (as a river)(MBh.); uttum.ga lofty (Pkt.); utan.g very high (G.)(CDIAL 1794). utale high (Wg.); utta_la great, strong, high, abundant (Skt.); uthala (Dm.); utha_l, uttho_l (Pas'.); uthala, utheli (Gaw.); utha_la, hu_tala (Kal.); uthal, u_thal (Phal.); u_tha_lu_ high, tall, loud (Sh.); wotul^u, wathal high (K.); uthr.a_ high (WPah.); utal.n.e~ to be full and plump (M.)(CDIAL 1804). uddya long (Ir.); udm length (Ko.); udda, uddi, uddu height, length, depth (Ka.); udda length, height; uddat long (Kod..); udda length, distance; long (Tu.)(DEDR 621). cf. ko_t.u summit of a hill (Ta.); end (Ma.); kuvat.u mountain-top (Ma.); kud.ilu sprout, shoot (Ka.); kor.i point (Kol.)(DEDR 2049). Mound: ut.igal., ut.a~gal. mound; adj. abounding in mounds; adv. unevenly (M.)(CDIAL 1688). ut.i~bar, ut.a~bar rugged with mounds; ut.i~bra_, ut.a~bra_ round hill, hump (M.)(CDIAL 1689). uttun.ga high (MBh.); ut.a~gar full of mounds; small round hillock, stone placed under a mass which is to be rolled along (M.)(CDIAL 1690). ut.a~gal. mound; adv. unevenly (M.)(CDIAL 1691). ut.a~bra_ mound (M.)(CDIAL 1692). ut.ha_n.a high land; ut.ha_n.i_ steepness (Or.); ut.ha_ni ascent, slope (B.)(CDIAL 1901). utsthala name of an island (SKt.); utthala sandhill, dry sandy place (BHSkt. Pkt.) (CDIAL 1899). High land: uta_r. high land, upland (L.P.); utta_la great, strong, high, abundant (Skt.)(CDIAL 1804). 

1038.Rises; sends: udi_rte_ rises (RV.); udi_rayati causes to move (RV.); udi_re_ti (Pali); uire_i sends (Pkt.); ur- to rise (Pas'.); udiyarti (Pas'.)(CDIAL 1939). i_r move (Skt.); i_rayati causes to rise, brings to life, utters (RV.); udi_rayati causes (RV.); i_rita set in motion, uttered (Pali); i_re_i sends, says (Pkt.); iroiki to stretch and fix warp in position for weaving (Sh.); irina to stretch or set up the warp (D..); irina to say, to do (D..); caus. ira_na to cause to be made (D..)(CDIAL 1614).  

1039.Locus: intermediate: uto_l., uto_l.i the place where the person addressed is or the intermediate place (Tol. Er..ut. 159,398, Urai); unta adj. which is near the person addressed or which is intermediate; utu demonst. pron. that which is between the near and the more remote; that which is near the person(s) spoken to (Ta.); udu id. (Ka.)(Ta.lex.) udu, utu the intermediate demonstrative pronoun neuter: this (between the two); adu, idu, udu, a_vudu, ambudu; the plural form is: uvu: avu, ivu, uvu, avuvu, ba_raduvu, ol.l.iduvu (Ka.lex.) undu this, or at this, intermediate time (Ka.lex.) 

1040.Image: socket at the foot of a post: utha_l.e~, uthl.e~, uthl.a_, uthl.i_ socket at the foot of a post (M.)(CDIAL 1906). kut.t.i fulcrum (Kon.lex.) onali, ondari, ondri, vandari, vandare, vandri a sieve, strainer; one, on.e to winnow, sift; onasu, onisu to cause to shake to and fro; on~cu to sift (Ka.); onali a sieve (Kod..)(DEDR 980). cf. kutai notch at the end of bow to secure the loop of a bowstring (Ta.); kuta id. (Ma.)(DEDR 1714). cf. kuntan-am interspace for setting gems in a jewel (Ta.)(DEDR 1725). kunda a pillar of bricks, etc. (Ka.); pillar, post (Tu.Te.); block, log (Malt.); kantu pillar, post (Ta.)(DEDR 1723). 

1041.Fuel-store: indha kindling (S'Br.)(CDIAL 1583). indhana lighting, kindling, fuel (MBh.); fuel (Pali); im.dhan.a (Pkt.); innhan. (P.); indhan (B.); i~_dhan^u (Aw.); i~_dhan (H.); i~dhan., i~dhn.u~, e~dhn.a~_ pl. (G.); idho_n tripod to put over the fire (Kal.); indh kindle (Skt.)(CDIAL 1584). i~dhaur.a_ room for storing wood (H.)(CDIAL 1585). e~_date fire-place (Wg.)(CDIAL 1586). Oven: utta_n-am oven (Ta.lex.) idhmavant provided with fuel (TBr.); idhma fuel (RV.)(CDIAL 1568). uddena three stones for supporting cooking pot, fireplace (Pas'.); uddha_na fireplace (Skt.); odha_n, oda_n stand for putting pots on over the fire (N.); udha_n earthen support for a cooking-vessel (A.); udha_n.i, odha_n.i a pot put on the fire to cook rice in (Or.)(CDIAL 2014). utta_n-am oven (Tiva_.)(Ta.lex.) ud.uku to boil, seethe, bubble with heat, simmer; n. heat, boiling (Te.); ud.ikincu, ud.ikillu, ud.ikilu to boil, cook (Te.); ud.k e_ru hot water (Go.); ud.ku heat (Kuwi); ur.turna_ to be agitated by the action of heat, boil, be boiled or cooked; be tired up to excitement (Kur.); udku hot (Ta.)(DEDR 588). uttapate_ gives out heat, warms oneself (Pa_n..); uttapta red hot (Skt.); utavn.e~ to boil (of water)(M.); uttatta molten (Pali); heated (Pkt.); utatn.e~ to boil over (M.); utavin.e~ to stretch (taffeta, etc.) over a heated pitcher and mark with lines, to draw wavy lines between the seams with a hot needle (M.)(CDIAL 1761). uttapana a partic. kind of fire (Skt.); utavn.e~ boiling water (M.)(CDIAL 1762). uttappa shining, burning (Pkt.); utu_pik to become warm (Kho.)(CDIAL 1764). ota, vota, vata sunshine (Konkan.i)(CDIAL 1760). upatapta hot (MBh.); auta_unu to be feverish, be anxious, look forward to feverishly or anxiously (N.); a_tapa (Skt.)(CDIAL 2173). upatapyate_ is heated (AV.); wupun to burn internally (heap of cowdung, pile of wood or straw, etc.), ferment internally (K.); op, opl.i_ mild morning, winter sunshine (M.)(CDIAL 2175). vyus.ati burns (Skt.); vyus.t.i daybreak (RV.); wuhun to glow, smoulder (K.)(CDIAL 12220). vyus. dawn (AV.); zu_i, ze_i_, jo_i_ dawn, morning, tomorrow (Pas'.)(CDIAL 12219). aus.o to boil (Kt.); u_s., us.u_ (Wg.); us.u, wus.u (Pr.); wo_^us. (Ash.); usya_un.o, wasyu_n.o to cook by boiling, to boil (Ku.); usa_i~ba_ to warm paddy over a fire in preparing parboiled rice (Or.); wo_s.o adj. boiling (Ash.); usua_ parboiled (Ku.)(CDIAL 1861). usila_ prepared from parboiled paddy (Or.); s'r.ta cooked (RV.)(CDIAL 1857). ucilittal to season, as curry; ucili seasoned dish (Ta.lex.) usinnu to cook by boiling (N.); usinna to be boiled (H.)(CDIAL 1863). usi_jna_ to cook by boiling (H.)(CDIAL 1865). usi_jhna_ to cook by boiling over a slow fire (H.)(CDIAL 1884). usa_nna_ to boil; usanna_ to be boiled (H.); usuna_ half-boiled (Or.)(CDIAL 1859). cf. uval.am boiled rice (Ta.)(DEDR 679). Fireplace: uddhma_na fireplace (Skt.); uduna oven (Si.); unduna kiln (Si.)(CDIAL 2028). udva_na, udda_na stove (Skt.); udda_n.a stove, cooking oven (Pkt.)(CDIAL 2078). 

1042.Image: car wheel: unti car wheel (Pa_rata. Patin-mu_n-. 12); middle loft of a car; unti-c-cur..i curve or involution of the navel; untutal to push out, thrust forward; to drive, as a chariot (Pa_rata. Niraimi_. 86); to turn in a lathe; to rub, as two sticks together till they ignite (Ci. Po_. 9,3,2); to toss, as dice (Ta.lex.) gunduri a round thing, circle (Kui); ku_ndro_mi gra_yu a round hole (Kuwi)(DEDR 1730). vatali time, turn (Ta.); < badl (U.)(Ta.lex.) gun.d.a_l round (Go.); kun.t.u ball, anything globular and heavy (Ta.)(DEDR 1695). cf. kun.d.ala ring, ear-ring; bracelet; coil of a rope (Skt.); ko~d.l.e~ circle, enclosure (M.); gu~_dla_ round, circular; ring, circle, coil (H.)(CDIAL 3268). cf. kunda a turner's lathe (Skt.)(CDIAL 3295). 

1043.Image: body; desire: ut.al body, birth, texture of cloth; ut.ar, ut.alam, ut.ampu body (Ta.); ut.al, ut.alam body, trunk, life, texture of cloth (Ma.); ut.ampu body, anus (Ma.); or.l. belly, interior of body, trunk of body (Ko.); wir.l. chest of body, desire (To.); od.al body, belly, stomach (Ka.); od.ambi, od.ambe body (Ka.); d.ol.l.u, dol.l.u a proturberant, huge belly (Ka.); ud.alu, ud.a_lu, od.a_lu belly, stomach (Tu.); d.ol.l.u, t.ol.l.u, tol.l.e fat, stout; a pot-belly (Tu.); od.alu, ol.l.u body (Te.); or.l (obl. or.oR) id. (Kond.a)(DEDR 586). udara belly (RV.Pali.Pkt.); uara (Pkt.); wo_r (Wg.Nin.g.); _l (Pr.); war (Dm.Shum.Gaw.); we_r (Mai.); u_ar (Sh.); u_yari womb (OG.)(CDIAL 1932). 

1044.To stand up; manly vigour: kutta straight up (Ka.); vertical, steep, straight (Tu.)(DEDR 1716). uttha_na starting on an expedition (Mn.); act of rising (S'Br.); manly effort (MBh.); ut.t.ha_na rising, manly vigour (Pali); ust.a_na, ut.hana, ut.ha_na exertion (As'.); ut.t.ha_n.a rising, origin (Pkt.); ut.ha_n. act of rising (P.); starting, beginning (Ku.); ut.ha_n rising up (N.); power of rising (Mth.); act of rising (H.); ut.ha_n.u~_ a rising on the body, tumour (M.); uthana exertion (As'.); uttha_n.a courage, strength (Pk