1540.Image: lathe; polish; churn; image: lathe; mortar and pestle: kat.avu a turning lathe; kad.eppu, kad.anda grinding; kad.acil, kad.accil, kad.anjil a turning lathe; ka_t.uka_yi a rebellion, revolution (Tu.lex.) kut.a_m, kut.ma_ extraction; ka_d. to pull, to draw, e.g. water; ka_d. to pull up or root out; ka_d.n gha_l pull down; vo_d.(o) to pull [trahe draw (Lat.)] (Kon.lex.) kad.cil a lathe; ka_d. extract, pull; pa_t.i ka_d. retract; ba_gil ka_d. open the door; ka_t.kia_, ka_t.kye revolution (Kon.lex.) kat.avai, kat.avu-maram tunrstile (Ta.lex.) ka_ntpi, ka_ntpia_ turner; kadcila_k gha_l put to the lathe (Kon.lex.) kundau to turn on a lathe; ghon.d.ao to turn; kero~t. to turn half round; gar.gur. to run over and over (Santali.lex.) kat.ai (-v-, -nt-) to churn, mash to pulp; kat.aical polishing,, enamelling (Ta.); kat.aiccal turning on a lathe, that which is turned on a lathe; kat.accal ul.i turner's chisel; kat.aiyal turning in a lathe, agitating, churning (Ta.)(DEDR 1141). Lathe; turner's chisel ; image: to grind with mortar and pestle: kat.a churning (Ma.); kad.e, kad.a, kad.aha, kad.eta churning (Ka.); kad.ev- grinding (Kod..); kat.aiyal turning in a lathe, agitating, churning (Ta.); turner's work (Ta.lex.); kad.ecalu turning in a lathe (Ka.Ta.lex.); kat.aiccal turning on a lathe or on a brazier's wheel (Ta.lex.); kat.aiccal-ul.i turner's chisel; kat.aiccar--pat.t.ai turner's lathe; kat.aiccar--ka_ran- turner; kat.ai-c-car--pat.t.arai turner's shop; kat.aical-pit.i to turn in a lathe (Ta.lex.) kat.ayuka to polish, churn, turn on a lathe; kat.accil turning and polishing (wood etc.); kat.accal turning (Ma.); kar.v- (kar.d-) to churn; kar.c ul.y lathe (Ko.); kar.- (kar.o-) to churn (To.); kad.e, kad.i to churn, stir, rub together (as two pieces of wood to excite fire); turn in a lathe kad.e, kad.a, kad.aha, kad.eta churning (Ka.); kad.ayisu to cause to churn (Ka.); kad.e- (kad.ev-, kad.and-) to grind with mortar and pestle; kad.ev grinding; kad.ace kalli mortar and pestle (Kod..); kad.eyuni, kad.evuni to stir up, turn; kad.ecuni to knead; kad.anda grinding; kad.avu, kadcilu, karcilu a turning lathe; kad.ajige kneading (Tu.); karrih-, karahta_na_, karah- to churn; krtuna id. (Go.); karas- (-t-) to stir with ladle (Kond.a); kar.sa (kar.si-) to knead; n. act of kneading (Kui); gat.ye to churn (Malt.)(DEDR 1141). cf. kutt to knead (Wg.)(CDIAL 3241). cf. ul.i chisel, burin (Ta.Ma.); chisel, burin, awl (Ka.); chisel (Tu.Te.); ulli id. (Ga.); ul.y id. (Ko.); branding iron (To.)(DEDR 699). kat.ai-maram turning lathe (Ta.lex.) To form moulds on a wheel; to turn in a lathe: kat.ai to form, as moulds on a wheel; to turn in a lathe (kat.ainta man.ic ceppen- vi_n:ku : Ku_rmapu. Takkan-ve_. 52); to churn with a churning rod (pa_mpu kayir-a_k kat.al kat.anta ma_yavan- : Cilap.17,2); to trickle, drip, as honey (Ci_vaka. 1202)(Ta.lex.) cf. kat.avul.-er..utu-tal to carve an idol (Cilap. 25,130)(Ta.lex.) Turner: kat.anan- turner (Maturaik. 511); kat.ai-maram turning lathe (Ta.lex.) Not rubbed out: agha_t. a document (on stone, metal plate, or paper) recording a permanent gift, esp. of land (G.)(CDIAL 99). ghr.s.t.i rubbing, pounding (Skt.); ga_t.hi an excoriation (S.); gut.iya blow, stroke (Si.)(CDIAL 4511). ghars.an.a rubbing (Sus'r.); pa_da-gham.sani_ towel for rubbing the feet (Pali); gharisan.a, gharasan.a, gham.san.a rubbing (Pkt.); gahana beating (Si.)(CDIAL 4449).
1540a.Mill: karkkari churn; pot for churning curds; karkkari_ a jar for holding water (Ta.lex.) gharat.t.a grindstone; gharat.t.aka, gharat.t.ika_ (Skt.); gharat.t.a mill for grinding corn, Persian waterwheel (Pkt.); gara_t. handmill (Pas'.); grat.a, grot.u, gret.he watermill for grinding corn (K.); ghurat. handmill; grat mill (L.); ghara_t. watermill (P.); d.hl.a_t., ghra_t., ghera_t., giha_t. (WPah.); ghat. watermill (Ku.); ghat.t.a (N.)(CDIAL 4451). cf. ghat.ero, ghat.t.ero miller (N.)(CDIAL 4452). Image: churning: karappu churn (Ta.lex.) gargara churn (MBh.); gargari_ churn (Skt.)(CDIAL 4043). gha_rghur sound made in churning thickened milk (N.)(CDIAL 4419). kar-an:ku to whirl; n. whirling, gyration (Ta.); kar-akku (kar-akki-) to spin (as yarn)(Ta.); kar-annuka to turn around, whirl (Ma.); gar-a, gar-agar-a whirlingly, around and around (Ka.); garu, gara, garagara, garrane a whirling noise (Tu.)(DEDR 1387).
1541.Mechanism: yantra controlling device (RV.); any implement or contrivance (MBh.); yantraka handmill (Skt.); yanta any mechanism or machine (Pali); jam.ta machine, oil mill, water machine (Pkt.); jandir, jandri mill (Gypsy); zandra, zan (Dm.); zantr watermill; za_r, yo~_r, yan, ya~_l (Pas'.); zo~_ (Shum.); yan. mill (Wot..); zo~tr, sa~_tr mill (Kal.); ya~l (Bshk.); za_n (Tor.); ye_ndar, ye_ndar, yindras spinning wheel (K.)(CDIAL 10412). To move; to go: iyan:ku (iyan:ki-) to move, stir, go, proceed, walk about; n. movement, act of going; iyakku (iyakki-) to cause to go, train or break in (as a bull or horse); n. motion, going, marching (Malaipat.u. 571); iyakkam moving about, motion, way (Kur-al.. 1020); ican:ku to go or lead to (as a way); iyavul. leadership, god, way (Ta.); iyan.n.uka to move steadily; iyakkuka to cause to move; iyakkam motion, movement (Ma.); i.y- (i.c-) to drive (cattle)(Ko.); esagu to drive (Ka.)(DEDR 469). ya_payati causes to go (MBh.); ya_pe_ti causes to go, is active, lives (Pali); ja_ve_i, ja_vai makes go (Pkt.); yavanava_ to make go, send, dismiss (Si.); jappa fit to be made to go (Pkt.); ya_pun to be sufficient, be able, succeed in completing (K.); ja_piba_ to pass time (Or.)(CDIAL 10462). cf. s'avati to go (Skt.lex.) Moving: iyakkar < yaks.a cf. iyakkar-ko_ma_n- Kube_ra, king of the Yaks.as (Cu_t.a_.); cf. iyan:kiyar--porul. living, animate beings or beings which move from place to place; opp. to nilai-y-iyar--porul. (Nan-. 259, Virut.); iya-ttal to pass beyond, excel, transcend (Tiv. Tiruva_y. 1,3,6); iyan:ku movement, act of going (Ci_vaka. 1360); hence, the verbal base of the sememe is 'moving or going'; hence, iyakkar may refer to itinerant traders, perh. in trade caravans (Ta.lex.) Miller: ya_ntrika relating to machines or instruments (Sus'r.); jam.tia machine-worker (Pkt.); ja~_d.ra_hi manager of flour mill (S.); ja~_dri_ miller (L.)(CDIAL 10461). hendu, handu to move, to shake; to draw back; handa_d.u to move about, alla_d.u (Ka.lex.) cf. panduni to shake, be loose, oscillate, vibrate (Tu.)(DEDR 3926). Image: lathe: jan.d.ri_ lathe (S.); jatarr.o machine for making wire (G.)(CDIAL 10412). Image: tripod: ja~_ti contrivance for keeping cooking vessels on fire (Ku.); za~_t handmill (A.); za~_ti tripod to support vessel over fire (A.)(CDIAL 10412).
1542.Lime-burners; divers of pearls: kat.aican- name of a caste of lime-burners and basket-makers (G.Tn.D. i,145); kat.ain~can-, kat.ain~an- man of low or degraded caste; man of the labouring caste in an agricultural tract; man of mean character; kat.aiyar men of the lowest rank or status (Kur-al., 395); low caste men of agricultural tracts (Nampiyakap. 23); name of a sub-division of Pal.l.as, who are lime-burners and divers of pearls (Ta.lex.)
1543.Science; art; teacher: sattha (Vedic. s'a_stra; from: s'a_s to teach) a science, art, lore; va_da-sattha science of right belief; sadda-sattha grammar; supina-sattha dream-telling; sattha (pp. of sa_sati) told, taught (v. l. sit.t.ha); sattha-va_ha teacher; satthar teacher, master (nom. sattha_; acc. sattha_ran; instr. sattha_ra_; instr. satthuna_; gen. satthu; gen. satthuno; loc. satthari; nom. and acc. pl. sattha_ro; gen. pl. sattha_ra_nan); sattha_ra-dassana sight of the master; satthu-d-anvaya successor of the Master; satthuka having a teacher in: ati_ta-satthuka whose teacher is dead (Pali.lex.) cf. s'a_tra command (RV.)(CDIAL 12422). catti-mukam < s'akti-mukha royal mandate (T.A.S. i,9)(Ta.lex.) Clever: sat.ha crafty, fraudulent (Pali); sat.hata_ fraud (Pali); sar.ha, sar.a secret consultation (Or.); sad.h stupid, bewildered, stiff, motionless (G.); s'ad.h knavish, vile, mean (M.); sallo silly woman (H.); sam.t.ha knavish, deceitful (Pkt.)(CDIAL 12270). catura quick (Skt.); clever (Skt.Pali); cara (Pkt.); sura, huru (Si.); sisura clever, skilful (Si.)(CDIAL 4594). cat.ula trembling (Skt.); clever (Pali); cad.ula restless (Pkt.)(CDIAL 4572). catur ability, skill, dexterity; means, contrivance; catir ability, skill, dexerity; greatness, excellence, beauty, loveliness; catiri skilful woman (Ta.); caturam dexterous, clever, lovely (Ma.); caduru, ceduru cleverness (Ka.); cadupu skill, ingenuity, cunning (Tu.); caduru~d.u a clever, able, or capable man; fem. cadura_lu; caduvu to read, study; n. reading, learning, education; caduvari scholar (Te.); catura- dexterous, clever, charming, agreeable (Skt.)(DEDR 2327). chandas deceit (Skt.); sadiya trick, artifice (Si.); chandu deceit (S.); chandan. deceiver (P.); chand fraud (H.)(CDIAL 4987). cha_dmika fraudulent (Mn.); chadmin having the appearnce of (MBh.)(CDIAL 5022). chal stumble, deceive (Skt.); chalia tripped up (Pkt.)(CDIAL 5000). chala fraud, deceit (Mn.); skhalita (Skt.); cal trick (Par.); chala (Pali.Pkt.OMarw.); cal (Tor.); chal (Sh.K.WPah.); deceit (Ku.N.B.H.Mth.Bhoj.Aw.); chal. (P.WPah.G.); chaw goblin (Ku.); sal deceit (A.); chal.a (Or.); sal. teasing (M.); sala, sal.a deceit (Si.)(CDIAL 5001). chalayati deceives (MBh.); chale_i, pp. chalia deceived, tripped up (Pkt.); chalun to deceive (K.); chalna_ (P.); chaln.o (Ku.); chalnu to deceive; chalinu to hide (N.); saliba to deceive (A.); chala_ (B.); chal.iba_ (Or.); charai (OAw.); chalna_ (H.); chalan.u (S.); chal.vu~ (G.)(CDIAL 5003). chalin deceitful (Skt.); chalia (Pkt.); chali_ (P.); chali (N.); chali_ (B.H.); chal.i_ (Or.G.); chaila, chailla deceitful, cunning, clever (Pkt.); chail.a, chail.a_ clever (Or.)(CDIAL 5004).
1544.Attendant, door-keeper: ks.attr. attendant, door-keeper (AV.); khattar attendant (Pali)(CDIAL 3647). Charioteer: ks.attr. charioteer (VS.); khattar charioteer (Pali); kha_ti_ member of a caste of wheelwrights (H.)(CDIAL 3647). Image: cart with small solid wheels: gad.d.a, gad.d.i_, gad.d.ia_ cart (Pkt.); gadha_ a part of a cart (TS.com.); gd.i (K.); ga_d.o wheeled cart (S.); ga_d.i_, ga_d.a_ bullock cart; gad.d. cart (S.); ga_d.i_, ga_d.a_ bullock cart; gad.d. cart (L.); gad.i_ train (L.); ga_d.d.i_, gad.d.i_ carriage; gad.d. cart; gad.d.a_ large cart; gad.i_ra_ go-cart (P.); ga_r.a_, ga_r.i_ carriage, cart (N.); ga_ri_ (A.); ga_r.i (B.); ga_ri_ carriage (Or.); gar.a_ cart with small solid wheels (Or.); ga_r.a_, ga_r.i_, gar.i_ (Bi.Mth.); ga_r.a_ load cart; ga_r.i_ carriage (H.); ga_d.u~ cart; ga_d.i_ carriage; ga_d.iyu~ small carriage (G.); ga_d.a_, ga_d.i_ (M.); ga_l.a cart (Si.); ga_d.alaum. (OG.); ga_llu~, ga_lli~ (G.)(CDIAL 4116). gad.wa~_t. cartwheel track, rut (CDIAL 4117). Image: wheel, cart: ka_l wheel, cart (Ta.); ga_li wheel (Ka.Tu.); kalu a carriage wheel (Te.); ga_nu, ga_lu wheel (Te.)(DEDR 1483). The cart-wheel was made of wood; hence mara-k-ka_l specifies the material used. The radical is: ka_l a measure of capacity of grain; measure, degree; ray; division (Ta.). (ka_l may be interpreted as the ancient morpheme equivalent of mara-k-ka_l). Implements: ka_t.t.u means, implements (Ci. Po_. 3,5,1)(Ta.lex.) ka_t.t.u-tal to create, to bring to pass (Cilap. 19,17); to introduce (Kampara_. An-umap. 23)(Ta.lex.)
1545. A dialect: kattiri < khatri (G.) dialect of gujara_ti and the spoken language of the Saura_s.t.ras in the Tamil country (G.Madu.D. 74)(Ta.lex.)
1546.Weavers: kha_tri_ member of a caste of Hindu weavers (G.); khat.ri_ washerman, dyer (S.)(CDIAL 3647).
1547.Images: dark-skinned buffalo: kat.t.u, kat.u a young male buffalo; kat.t.a a one year old buffalo; met. strict, orthodox, bigoted (a Musalman); kat.t.i a young female buffalo (P.lex.) kat.t.a_n.mai manliness, great prowess (Pa_rata. Patin-e_r..a_m. 17); kat.t.a_n.i very capable man (Ta.Te.); strong, well-built man (Ta.lex.) kat.t.a-va_l.i an onstinate, wicked woman or cow (Ka.); khat.ya_l.a cross; vicious as a horse or cow (M.)(Ka.lex.) For semant. 'male' cf. kat.t.u-p-pa_l.ai male palmyra which is tapped for its juice (G.Tn.D. 222)(Ta.lex.) cf. ka_t.t_a_ bison, wild cow, bos gavaeus (Tiva_.)(Ta.lex.) ka_t.t.erumai wild buffalo (Ta.); ka_d.erume (Ka.)(Ta.lex.) kit.a_ buffalo (Ta.); kar.ru, kad.ru_ buffalo calf (male or female)(Kur.); kat.a_ male of sheep or goat, he-buffalo (Ta.); male of cattle, young and vigorous; child, young person (Ma.)(DEDR 1123). cf. kat.ama_ bison (Ta.)(DEDR 1114). sa_nh large buffalo-bull or stallion (L.); sa_nhi_ stallion (L.); sa_nhe~ stallion (L.); sad.d.ha_ male buffalo (L.); san.d.o, sannho buffalo-bull (WPah.)[opp. s'ann barren cow or buffalo; cf. jane pregnancy (Ka.); cin-ai pregnancy (Ta.)(DEDR 2592)]; s'ran.a male buffalo (K.); san.d.a male buffalo (Dm.Phal.Sh.); san. male buffalo (Bshk.); sa_n male buffalo (Tor.); sa_nu stallion, any male animal used for breeding, buffalo (S.)(CDIAL 13331).
1548.Amulet; knot; marriage: kat.t.u marriage (Ta.); ket.t.uka to marry; ket.t.u to tie, make to wear, give in marriage; connexion (as of marriage); ket.t.akam house (Ma.); kot. knot, amulet (To.); kat.t.uni to tie, bind, amass (wealth)(Tu.); kat.t.ita_na_ to adhere, be attached to (Go.); gat.a rope, cord (Malt.); kat.t.u to tie (Ta.Ka.Te.); kat.t. to tie (Nk.Pa.); kat. to tie (Kol.)(DEDR 1147). kat.t.u-k-kaliya_n.am wedding; marriage ceremony, in which the bridegroom ties the ta_li around the bride's neck; kat.t.u-k-kar..utti married woman, whose husband is alive and who, therefore, wears a ta_li around her neck; wedded wife (Ta.lex.) Marry: kat.t.u (kat.t.i-) to marry; n. marriage (Ta.); ket.t.uka to marry; ket.t.ikka to give in marriage; ket.t.u connexion (as of marriage)(Ma.); ket.t.akam house (Ma.)(DEDR 1147). Wedding: ket.t.i-me_l.am simultaneous and rapid play of musical instruments at special moments, as when the ta_li is tied at a marriage (Ta.); kat.i wedding (Man.i. 18,98); brightness, transparency (Pur-ana_. 166,24); abundance, copiousness, plentifulness (Ci_vaka. 440); beauty, excellence (Maturaik. 301); delight, gratification, pleasure (Ta.)(Ta.lex.) kat.i-nakar marriage house (Akana_. 136); kat.i-ma_t.am guarded residence for maidens (Ci_vaka. 13)(Ta.lex.) Tying the marriage knot: gan.d.hu joint, tie of friendship (S.); gat.hajor.o tying the marriage knot (OMarw.); gajhor.o (Marw.)(CDIAL 4350).
1549.To tie: kat.t.u band, fastening (Ta.Tu.); tie (Ma.Ka.); tie, bond, knot, wearing of a garment (Te.); kat. knot (Ko.); ket.t. to tie (Kod..); ket.t.uka to tie, clasp (Ma.); gat.a rope, cord (Malt.)(DEDR 1147). Rope, cord; to wear a garment: kat.t.u wearing of a garment (Te.); to tie, fasten, wear (Ta.); ket.t.ikka to cause to tie, make to wear (Ma.); kat.t.uni to tie, bind (Tu.); kat.t.anamu a tie (Te.)(DEDR 1147). granthayati ties (MBh.); granthati (Dha_tup.); ganthe_ti, ganthati ties, knots (Pali); gam.thai, gam.t.hai (Pkt.); go_n.t., go~_t. (Ash.); get.(h) ties, knots (Kt.); gra~_t., gru~_t. (Wg.); gi~r. (Bashg.); gre~_t. (Dm.); grhe_n.d.u_m I tie a knot (Phal.); gan.dx.un, gan.t.h, go_n.t.h, gan.d. (K.); gan.d.hn.a_ (P.); dlain.d.hnu, gan.d.hn.a_ (WPah.); ga~_thnu to tie up, plait (N.)(CDIAL 4353). ga_n.t.hiba_ to hold tightly (Or.); ga~_thab to string together (Mth.); ga_m.thai weaves, plaits (OAw.); ga~_t.hna_ to fasten, join, mend (H.); gat.hna_ to be knotted together (H.); ga~_t.hvu~ to tie (G.); ga~_thn.e~ to interweave, plait (M.); ga~_t.hn.e~ to tie (M.); gat.h to tie (Pas'.); gat. (Shum.); gan.t.(h) (Wot..); ge_n.t.h (Gaw.); gn.d. (Bshk.); gan.d. (Tor.Mai.); gha_n.d. (Phal.); gan.oiki(Sh.); ganoiki (D..); lante_m I tie (Pas'.); gotanava_ to plait, knit, tie (Si.)(CDIAL 4353). ga~_thna_ to arrange, lay (bricks)(H.); ga~_tha_ to lay (bricks)(B.); ga_nthiba_ to lay in rows, build (Or.)(CDIAL 4353). cf. kat.o.l. wall of temple compound (Ko.)(DEDR 1146).
1550.Images: clod; protuberance; foetus: gut.ika_ clot (Skt.lex.) kat.t.u , abscess, tumour (Ta.); kat.t.i clod, lump, , abscess, tumour, enlarged tumour, foetus (Ta.); kat.t.i solid, ingot; kan.t.i lump, concretion (Ma.); kat.y solid lump (Ko.); gen.d. round lump or ball (food, butter), growth in abdomen (Ko.); gat.t.i lump (Ka..); gad.d.e, gan.t.e a mass, lump, concretion (Ka.); gn.d.e spleen (Kod..); gad.d.a lump, mass, clot; , ulcer (Te.); kat.t. spleen (Nk.); kat. spleen (Ga.)(DEDR 1148).
1551.Image: ladle (brass): kad.chi_, kad.cho an iron ladle or spoon used in cooking (G.); kad.ha_ a frying pan; a frying vessel with handles (G.)(G.lex.) kat.acchu a ladle, spoon; kat.acchu-ga_ha holding on to one's spoon, i.e., disinclination to give food, stinginess; kat.acchu-parissa_vana a perforated ladle (Pali)(Pali.lex.) gan.t.e, gen.t.e, gari~t.e spoon, ladle (Te.); ga_t.e spoon (Kol.); garti (brass) spoon (Kuwi); karan.t.i spoon or ladle (Ta.); spoon (Ma.); (DEDR 1267). geren-da n. that which serves to draw or ladle water (-gen- with infix. -er-, -da:n- water) (Sora.lex.)[cf. gerinna a pit of water (Sora.); gerud-gud-da:n basket for baling water = -gud- reduplicated, with infix -er-.] kad.chi_ soup ladle (G.); kan.chu_, kar.chu_ (S.); karchi_, kar.chi_ (H.)(Bloch, p. 311).
1552.Image: a headless trunk: kad.uku a headless trunk (Ka.); kad.i, kat.t.i id. (Te.); kat.a a corpse (Skt.)(Ka.lex.) cf. kabandha (Skt.lex.)
1553.Image: pregnancy: ga_t in women's speech 'pregnancy'; limb, body, woman's bust, privities (H.); body, limb (Mth.); body (WPah.Ku.G.); person, body (honorific) (N.); ga_th id. (N.); ga_tra limb, member of body (RV.); body (Mn.); gatta limb, body (Pali.Pkt.); ga_, ga_w trunk of body (A.); ga_wa_l fat (A.); ga_, ga_o body (B.); ga_ dhoiba_ to bathe; ga_dhiba_ (Or.); ga_ta body, limb (OAw.OMarw.); ga_-mor.a stretching the limbs (S.); gat skin (Gaw.); gadra (Dm.)(CDIAL 4124). ga_traka body (Skt.); ga_trika_ girdle (Skt.); ga_tra_ inner peg of yoke (L.); ga_tra_ swordbelt, sheath (P.); gatta_ cover of a book, sheaf of corn (EP.); ga_ta_ body, pasteboard (H.); ga_ti_ dress worn by village people like a plaid (H.); ga_tr.i_ knot in a woman's upper garment worn on the breast (G.)(CDIAL 4125). cf. a_d.-ga_t girth of the body, crosspiece of a bed (G.); gatta frame of bed (Pkt.)(CDIAL 4124). ga_tra a limb or member of the body; the body; ga_tra-vis'le_s.a a close union or contact of bodies (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) ga_tra_nule_pani perfume for the person (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) First pregnancy: kat.ucu_l first pregnancy (Ta.); kat.umpuppa_l first milk drawn from a cow after calving, beestings boiled into a paste (Ta.); kat.iu_l first-born of man or beast; kat.umpil.l.a first-born, the strongest child (Ma.); kar.0as- first-born (k. mox first-born son, k. xu.x first-born daughter)(To.); kar.0as- fi.r- first pregnancy (To.); kad.i_ru first-born (Tu.)(DEDR 1136). cf. cu_l (cu_lv-, cu_n-r--) to become pregnant; n. conception, pregnancy (Ta.); -cal, in: coccal first pregnancy (Ka.)(DEDR 2733). cf. tol old, ancient (Ta.); tol vi.r first pregnancy (Ko.); toli beginning, commencement; first, former, ancient (Te.); tolle first (Ga.); toli, tolli, tollie before, formerly (Kuwi)(DEDR 3516).
1554.Actual produce: kan.t.u-mutal actual produce of a field when the harvest has been reaped and threshed (Ta.)(Ta.lex.)
1555.A stand: gad.agaci, gad.aci a stand, as for water-pots, a shelf (Ka.); ghad.avaci_, ghad.o_ci (M.H.)(Ka.lex.)
1556.Scent: kat.i scent, odour, fragrance (Kalit. 45); (-pp-, -tt-) to waft an aroma, emit fragrance (Ta.); kad.i good or bad odour (Te.)(DEDR 1129). kat.ittal to waft an aroma; to emit fragrance (As.t.ap. Tiruvaran:kattan. 43)(Ta.lex.) cf. kaital fragrant screwpine, pandanus odoratissimus (Ta.); ketaka (Skt.)(DEDR 2026). cet.i bad odour, stench (Ta.); ceyr., cet. ceyr. bad smell (Ko.); sid.y (To.); s'et.t.uni to decay (Tu.); sed.i strong, affecting the smell powerfully (Tu.)(DEDR 270).
1557.Camel: sa~_d.iya_ young camel; sa~_r.ni_ female camel (H.); sa~_d.h, sa~_d.hiyo camel (G.); sa~_d.hn.i_ female camel (G.); sa~_d.], sa~_d.n.i_ female camel (M.); san.d.hika_ female camel (Skt.); sam.d.hi_ female camel (Pkt.); sa_rni dromedary (B.)(CDIAL 13103). Camel: san.d.hika_ camel (Skt.)(CDIAL 13331). kan.t.i buffalo bull (Ta.)(Tol. Po. 623)(DEDR 1173).
1558.Plaster: gaccu mortar, plaster, cement (Ka.Te.H.); kace (Ma.); gacci a chunammed floor (Ka.M.); gacci-y-en.n.e varnish (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) Smearing with fragrant unguents: cf. kaR- to smear, daub, whitewash (Kond.a); ka_z- (ka_st-) to plaster, rub on (medicine); ka_spa- to rub on, smear on (Pe.); ka_ja (ka_ji-) to daub, plaster over holes; n. daubing, plastering; kahpa (kaht-) to smear, plaster (Kui); ku_du_ kaiyali to plaster with mud; kah- to daub, smear (Kuwi); xasna_ id. (Kur.)(DEDR 1503). kat.ukkutal to gild (S.I.I. ii,245)(Ta.lex.) Chalk; pipeclay: khat.ika_ chalk (Skt.); khat.i_, khat.ini_, kat.hini_, kakkhat.i_ id. (Skt.); khad.i_, khad.ia_ (Pkt.); khar.i_, kher.i_ (S.); khar.i_, khar.ya_ (P.); khar.i_ (Ku.); khari (N.); khari-ma_t.i (A.); khar.i_ (B.Mth.H.G.); khar.iya_ (H.); khad.i~ chalk (M.); khad.u~ a kind of pipeclay (M.)(CDIAL 3773). khar.it.i chalk and earth, plastering mud walls to make them smooth (B.)(CDIAL 3774). ser.hi_ lime (S.); *s've_ta-khat.ika_ white chalk? (Skt.)(CDIAL 12775). kal.i pulpiness, state of being mashed; thick pulp, liquid paste (Kampara_. Mitilaik. 80); silt, sediment (Net.unal. 16); clay (Cilap. 3,96, Urai); liquid metal (Ci_vaka. 103); kal.i-man. clay, potter's clay (Ta.); kal.i-man.n.u id. (Ma.)(Ta.lex.) kliu, kilu clay, black cotton soil (Kui)(DEDR 1381).
1559.To apply incense: ka_t.t.u-tal to apply as incense or perfume to the hair (nar-uman.a mutaliyan-a u_t.t.utal) (a_vika_t.t.i ... co_r kur..al : Kampara_. Na_t.avi. 59); to heat as a vessel of ghee (Ta.lex.) ka_t.t.u-tal to offer to a deity (S.I.I. iii,102) (Ta.lex.) cf. ka_t.t.u-k-karuva_ wild cinnamon, ta_l.icapattiri (Ta.lex.) Perfumer; toilet-woman: gat.t.i-magur..cu to grind perfumes; gat.t.i, ghat.t.i a ball of perfumes (Ka.); kat.t.i a lump (Ta.Ma.); karuvu, garuvu (Te.); khad.a_, gad.d.a_ (M.); gat.t.i-val.ti a female perfumer, a toilet-woman, sairandhri, gandha-ka_rike (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) ghat.t.ana, gat.t.an.e, gat.n.e, ghat.t.an.a, ghat.t.an.e touching, joining; rubbing (the hands etc.) over, rubbing out; causing to move, shaking, stirring round or about; churning; striking, beating; striking together, pressing down, smoothing, compressing; going, moving; practice, business, means of living; gat.t.an.eman.e the tool called a road-tamper (Ka.); cf. kat.t.al.ai touchstone (Kur-al., 986); kat.t.an-ai tamping, ramming down; kat.t.an-ai-maram wooden tamper, rammer (Ta.lex.) Image: to dash together; rub: cf. ghat.t.ayati rubs, touches, shakes (Sus'r.); ghat.t.ate_ (Dha_tup.); ghat.t.ita (MBhj.); ghat.t.e_ti dashes against, touches (Pali); ghat.t.ai touches, rubs against (Pkt.); gha~_t.a_ to stir with the fingers (B.); gha_t.iba_ to brand with a hot iron (Or.); gha_t.n.e~ to bruise, mash, beat (M.); gat.anava_, pret. gat.uva_ to dash together (Si.); ghat.an.u to bruise, grind; ghot.o rub with a pestle (S.); gho_t.un. to rub; ghut.t.un. to be pressed (L.); ghot.n.a_ to grind, rub, smooth; ghot.t.a_ a paper-polishing instrument (P.); ghot.n.o to powder (Ku.); ghot.nu to rub, polish, wear away (N.); gho~t.iba to mix by stirring (A.); gho~t.a_, ghu~t.a_ to rub, stir, dig up (B.); ghot.iba_ to pound, stir up (Or.); ghot.na_, gho~t.na_ to rub; ghot.a_, gho~t.a_ wooden pestle (H.); gho~t.ne~ to grind, rub, polish (M.)(CDIAL 4417). avaghat.t.ayati pushes away (R.); rubs (Sus'r.); stirs up (Car.); o_ghat.t.ida struck (Pkt.); oghat.nu, ogat.nu to crowd out (N.)(CDIAL 749). For semant. 'finger' cf.: Finger: kat.up a finger, a toe, a measure the breadth of one finger; jan:ga kat.up the toes; en:ga kat.up, bud.ha kat.up the thumb; ukdua~ kat.up the fore finger; tala kat.up the middle finger; mundam kat.up the fourth or ring finger; sic kat.up the little finger; kat.up uduk to hold up the thumb as a sign of defiance; bar kat.up jelen:gea it is two finger-breadths too long (Santali.lex.) cf. a_ghat.t.ayati touches on, rubs (Skt.); parighat.t.ana stirring round (MBh.); parihat.t.ai rubs, crushes, strikes down (Pkt.); ahat.a_na_ to hurt; a_hat. sound of soft footsteps (H.); a_ha_t.n.e~, ahat.n.e~, ha_t.n.e~, hat.n.e~ to bruise, mash, worry (M.); a_ghat.ijan.u to be crammed together (S.)(CDIAL 1054). cf. paht.a_, paiht.a_, pait.a_, pa_t.a_ long stick for smoothing plaster (Bi.); ghus.t.a rubbed (Skt.)(CDIAL 8480).
1560.Blister: gha_mosi prickly heat (A.); gha_ma_ci (B.)(CDIAL 4446). cf. gharma heat (RV.)(CDIAL 4445). ghr.s.t.a rubbed, pounded (Sus'r.); frayed, sore (MBh.); ghat.t.ha, ghit.t.ha rubbed (Pkt.); gat.ho rubbed (S.); ghat.t.ha_ hard place on palm made by attrition (P.); gha_t.ha_ blister (P.)(CDIAL 4510). cf. kuru blister, sore (Ta.); boil (Ma.); kuru, kuruvu boil (Ka.); kuri a boil (Tu.); kur-upu a boil, abscess (Te.); kurup pimple (Nk.); kur small boil (Pa.); ku_r boil (Ga.); kurpum id. (Go.); kurpu id., kurku_m pustule, blister, boil (Go.); ku_ru a boil (Kond.a); ku_ru id. (Kuwi); ku_r.r.u_ (pl. ku_r.ka) bubo; ku_ru a boil (Kuwi); kura_r.a inflamed swellling, esp. in the neck (Br.)(DEDR 1780). xorop pus; xoropna_ (xurpya_) to ripen as a boil, suppurate (Kur.); qorpu pus (Malt.)(DEDR 2130). cat.t.ir..i (cat.t.a-ir..i) to smear tbe body with fragrant unguents, to perfume the person in a particular mode; cat.t.a plan; order, regulation; neatness, fineness (Ka.Ta.Ma.Te.); cakkat.a (Te.)(Ka.lex.) cat.t.a-vat.t.am neatness, fineness, orderliness (Ta.Ma.)(Ta.lex.) cat.t.an-tat.t.u-tal to extract the unctuous substance from the dried sac in the anal pouch of the civet cat (W.)(Ta.lex.) cat.t.am sac or gland in the anal pouch of the civet cat (Ta.); id. (Ma.)(DEDR 2305). cat.t.a adv. properly, rightly (Ci. Po_. 9,2); entirely (Te_va_. 586,1)(Ta.lex.) To rub: ir..uku (ir..uki-) to daub, smear, rub over (as mortar); ir..ai (-v-, -nt-) to rub against (as the shoots of the bamboo tree); (-pp-, -tt-) to rub so as to be dissolved (as a pill in honey or milk), daub, paint, draw; ir..icu (ir..ici-) to smear, plaster, spread over (Ta.); ir..uka to daub, rub, soil; ir..un.n.uka to be soiled; ir..ukkuka to solder, make dirty; ir..ukkam rubbing, polish; ir..ayuka to rub (as two branches)(Ma.); er..avu to rub, rub off or out, stroke gently; ercu, eccu to smear (Ka.); r.i_z- (r.i_st-) to draw a line (Pe.)(DEDR 505). uga_l.n.e~ to rub to a powder (M.); uga_lnu to cause to melt or fade, to take up or away altogether (N.)(CDIAL 1953). avaghars.an.a rubbing off (Ya_j.); o_ham.sa stone for rubbing sandal, sandal; o_harisa (Pkt.); orsiyo stone for rubbing sandal on; orasr.i_ small stone for rubbing sandal on (G.)(CDIAL 752). uracu-tal to rub against (Cilap. 3,14, Urai.)(Ta.); urasu id. (Ma.); ura_y-tal to rub, as an animal against a tree, as two branches together (Pin..); ra_yu (Te.); ura_vu-tal to move away, spread; to spread over, extend (Paripa_. 6,1)(Ta.lex.) Touchstone: ponnurai streak of gold on a touchstone (Tirumuru. 145)(Ta.); ponnore id. (Ka.)(Ta.lex.) ponnore equality to gold (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) urai rubbing, friction, attrition (Ta.); ora (Te.); ore (Ka.); ura (Ma.)(Ta.lex.) Instrument for polishing: urukku-val.ai instrument for polishing the precious metals (Can.. Aka.)(Ta.lex.) cf. uraical friction (Ta.)(DEDR 665). Grinding: urai (-v-, -nt-) to be reduced into a powder or paste, wear away by attrition, be indented or effaced by rubbing; (-pp-, -tt-) to rub into a paste, wear away by rubbing, grate (Ta.); uricu (urici-) to grind away, scrape; uriu (urii-) to rub; urical rubbing, chafing (Ta.); urekka to rub, grate, polish, grind, assay metal; uriyuka to be chafed; urusuka to wear off, diminish (Ma.); orv- (ort-) to rub into paste, rub with a stone in making pot; (ord-) to touch or stroke gently; orj- to rub (Ko.); urdu, uddu, ujju to rub, make fine by rubbing; ujjisu to cause to rub; ujju, urdike rubbing; ore (orad-) to touch, rub, smear, grind; orasu, orisu, orsu to touch, rub gently; rubbu to grind in a mortar; n. grinding (Ka.); orabelu rice once cleaned of its husk only; orabe_lu work involving the removal of husk from paddy (Tu.); rubbu to grind in a mortar; rubbu-gun.d.u stone pestle or roller used in grinding things in a mortar; ro~_kali a large wooden pestle; rubgund. stone pestle; roka_l, ro_ka pestle (Kol.); ro_kal pestle (Nk.); urc- to skim off (cream), scrape; ujip- (ujit-) to wipe, sweep (Pa.); uriya_na_ to powder; urisa_na_ to sprinkle or crumble salt, sugar, sandal-powder, etc.; ro_kal pestle; u_c- to scrape, plane; us- to pare; oochana a carpenter's plane (Go.); ro_s- (-t-) to touch slightly, stroke, rub against (Kond.a); ru_ga- (ru_gi-) to be smooth; ru_sa (ru_si-) to crush, grind; n. crushing, grinding; pl. action ru_ska (ru_ski-); ru_seni press for grinding sugarcane (Kui); ru_bali to smear; rub(b)inai to smear, roughen; rub- (-it-) to rub on (oil, etc.)(Go.); [cf. ural mortar (Ta.)(DEDR 651)]; uch- to clean (i.e. scrape up, gleanings), pro_ch- (pra + uch-) to rub, wipe, wipe out, efface (Skt.); orakalu, vorakala (OM.)(DEDR 665). To rub fragrant unguents on the body: urut.an.i id.uvike = gandhana to rub and cleanse the body with fragrant unguents, to apply fragrant unguents; udvartana (Ka.lex.) cf. uracu-tal to rub against (Cilap. 3,14, Urai.); id. (Ma.)(Ta.lex.) urai-tal to be reduced into a powder or paste; to wear away by attrition (Ta.); orayu (Te.); ore (Ka.); ura (Ma.); urai-ttal to rub into a paste (Kalit. 115)(Ta.); oratsu (Te.); ore (Ka.); ura (Ma.); ure (Tu.); to smear, daub (Ci_vaka. 832)(Ta.lex.) ur-an.t.ai rank smell as of bugs, of fish, of rancid ghee; ur-at.t.ai id. (Ta.lex.) urdike rubbing (Ka.lex.) ruddu, rubbu to grind in a mortar (Ka.lex.) udghr.s.t.a rubs (Skt.); udghars.ati rubs together (Skt.); uggham.se_ti (Pali); ughan.u wipes (S.); ugghusai (Pkt.); ugghan. to wipe (esp. the opium from the slice poppy capsule); uggha_ collector of opium (L.); ugghat.t.ha rubbed (Pali); ugghit.t.ha, ugghut.t.ha (Pkt.); ugat.ho wiped; pp. ughan.u (S.)(CDIAL 1980). nighars.a rubbing (Skt.); nigham.sa (Pali); n.iham.sa (Pkt.); nahas (Si.); n.ighasa, n.ihasa touchstone (Pkt.)(CDIAL 7170) Rubbed: nighr.s.t.a rubbed (MBh.); n.ihat.t.ha (Pkt.); n.ihasiu_n.a absol. (Pkt.); nihat.an.em. to rush forcibly (OM.); nehat.n.e~, nehet.n.e~, net.n.e~ to press hard on (M.)(CDIAL 7176). praghars.ati rubs to pieces (Kaus'.); pagham.sai, pagham.san.a rubbing again and again (Pkt.); pa_sinava_, pa_hinava_ to pound, clean rice by pounding, grind, bruise, cut (Si.)(CDIAL 8483). ghu_sna_, ghusna_ to be thrust in (H.); ghu~sal to rub in (Bhoj.)(CDIAL 4492). Incense: ghra_ smell (Skt.); avaghra_ha_payati causes to smell at (S'Br.)(CDIAL 757). cf. a_r-u (a_r-i-) to emit smell, an odour; na_r-r-am smell, scent, odour, sense of smell; na_n-am fragrant substance, musk, musk deer, unguents for the body, perfumed oil for bathing, scented hair-oil, fragrant powder (Ta.); nar-a, nar-avam, nar-avu, nar-a_, nar-ai odour, fragrance, incense (Ta.)(DEDR 2918). cf. ka_r.. (-pp-,-tt-) to be pungent, acrid (Ta.); ka_t.a, ga_t.a, ga_t.u strong, stifling smell as of tobacco, chillies, etc. (Ka.); ka_ku sharp, stifling smell as of onion (Ka.)(DEDR 1492). cf. ka_r (-pp, -tt-) to be pungent; ka_ram pungency, caustic (Ta.); ka_ra tasting or smelling hot; hot, pungent (Tu.)(DEDR 1466). a_ghra_ta smelt, scented (Sus'r.); aggha_ia smelt (Pkt.); aga_ festoon work, bouquet (Si.)(CDIAL 1061). a_ghra_payati causes to smell (Ka_tyS'r.); a_ghra_ta smelt at, satiated (Skt.); a_ghra_n.a act of smelling (Gaut.); satiety, satiated (Skt.); aggha_am.ta smelling; pass. aggha_ijjai, agghavai fills; aggha_d.ai (Pkt.); agrem I become tired (Kal.); agha.n.o, aghi_n.o to be full, be sated (Ku.); agha_unu to feed to the full (N.); agha_ijiba_ to be sated (Or.); agha_eb to satiate, disgust (Mth.); agha_i is satisfied (OAw.); agha_na_, a~gha_na_ to be full (H.); aggha_n.a satisfied (Pkt.); agha_na_ satiated, rich (H.)(CDIAL 1062). upaghra_yam smelling at (MaitrS.); upaghra_payati causes to smell at (TS.); upajaghrau kissed (Skt.); upaggha_yati smells at, kisses (Pali); waga_n.o to be satiated, be full, get puffed up (Ku.)(CDIAL 2158). ghra_n.a smelling (S'Br.); smell (S'a_n:khGr..); nose (ChUp.); ghra_n.a_ nose (VarBr.S.); gha_na sense of smell, nose (Pali); gha_n.a nose (Pkt.); gru~ mucus of nose (Kal.); grho_n. stinking; grho_n.u rotten (Phal.); gha_n. stink (G.M.); gha_n.i (OM.); gha_n.i, ga_n.i (Konkan.i)(CDIAL 4531). gho_n.a_ nose, beak (of owl)(MBh.); nose, horse's nose (Pkt.); gho_n.a (Pkt.); ghon.a_ fleshy root of septum of nose (M.); gon.a nose (Si.)(CDIAL 4520). kun.un:ku smell of cattle, butter etc. (Ta.); kun.ukku-na_r-uka, kun.ukku-man.am sweaty smell, smell of soiled linen steeped in water (Ma.)(DEDR 1687). cf. ca_'(a)na_ (ca~_cas) to stink, give forth an offensive smell; to smell in general (Kur.); cen-ye (cen-ca) to emit odour; cen-yro scented, smelling (Malt.)(DEDR 2264).
1561.Pungent smell: cf. ka_t.a, ga_t.a, ga_t.u strong stifling smell as of tobacco, chillies etc. (Ka.)(DEDR 1492). ka_t.t.u < ga_t.u (Te.) pungency, acridity; cf. kat.u (Ta.lex.) kat.a, kat.u pungent, sharp; kat.u pungent, strong-scented, pungent, ill-smelling (Ka.); kat.uka sharp, pungent (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) ka_t.a, kan.t.u, ga_t.a, ga_t.u a sharp, strong, stifling smell, as that of tobacco, chillies etc. (Ka.M.); ka_t.u (Te.); ka_r, ka_r- to be sharp, pungent (Ta.)(Ka.lex.)
1562.Gruel; sour; pungent: gad.ita distilled (Skt.); rainwater flowing out from a village on to the fields (B.)(CDIAL 3976). ka_t.i fermented gruel or rice-water (Ta.Ma.); ka_d.i id. (Te.)(Ta.lex.) ka_t.i water in which rice has been washed, kept till it ferments; vinegar (Ma.); ka_t.e, ka_d.e a kind of fermented pap of jo_l.a or ra_gi, to which buttermilk is added (Ka.)(DEDR 1436). khat.t.a sour (Gal.); sour; curry (Pkt.); khat.o acid, sour (S.); buttermilk (S.); khat.t.a_ sour; sour milk (L.); sour; a species of lemon (P.); sour, acid (H.N.Mth.); kha_t.a_ id. (B.Bhoj.); kha_t.u~ (G.); kha_t.u_, kha_t.ya_ (M.)(CDIAL 3777). kad.u pungency (Tu.); xar.xa_ bitter, pungent (Kur.)(DEDR 1135). khad.a, khala buttermilk boiled with acid vegetables and spices (Sus'r.); kala vinegar (Si.)(CDIAL 3783). kat.u Indian mustard, brassica juncea (Ta.Ma.); kar.g id. (Ko.); kad.u id. (Kod..); kor.x id. (To.)(DEDR 1137). kat.u bitterness, pungency (Ta.); pungency (Tu.); sharp (Kond.a); kar.u bitter, sour (Nk.); kr.o_ pungent (Kui); qar.qe bitter (Malt.)(DEDSR 1135). kat.u, kat.uka pungent, bitter (RV.); kat.uka (Pali); kad.u, kad.ua (Pkt.); k.irwa, k.iwari (Gypsy); kera (Kt.); kar.u_ buttermilk, sour milk (Shum.Pas'.); kaur.o, kar.o bitter, pungent (S.); kaur.a_ bitter (L.P.); kar.u_ medicine for horses and camels (L.P.); kar.wa_i_ bitterness (L.P.); kar.a_ bitter (Ku.); karuwa_ rancid (of ghee)(A.); kar.uya_ pungent (B.); kar.ua_ (Or.H.Bhoj.); kar.u (Mth.); karu_ (Aw.); kad.u_u (OG.); kar.vu~ (G.); kad.u_, kad.va_ (M.); kad.u (Konkan.i); kul.u pungent (Si.); kula sharp taste (Si.); kerko, kirko bitter, rancid (Gypsy)(CDIAL 2641). kat.utva pungency, bitterness (Skt.); kat.ukatta (Pali); kur.att (P.)(CDIAL 2643). Pickle: kat.i pickle (Ta.); kat.ippa_, kat.ippa_n. curry, relish, condiment, pickle (Ta.); kad.i curds mixed with salt, chillies, mustard, etc., and some rice flour boiled and seasoned (Ka.)(DEDR 1128). Sour gruel: kar..i (kal.i?) sour gruel (Ka.); kali the water in which rice has been washed, kept until it ferments (Te.); e_r-u kali water and gruel (Kond.a); kali sour rice-gruel (Skt. Yas'astilaka); khali boiled ground rice-gruel (Skt.)(DEDR 1379). kal.i thick pulp, liquid paste, a kind of pasty pottage made with flour, etc., gruel (Ta.); thick pap or paste, water boiled with lime and turmeric (Ma.)(DEDR 1378). Fermented gruel; desire; tumult; grief: kvatha decoction (Pa_n..); kar.h boiling or warming milk (P.); kad.h ebullition, vehement impulse (M.)(CDIAL 3634). Decoction; soup: kat.t.u the water in which any kind of pulse has been boiled, decoction of any kind of pulse (Ka.); essence (Tu.); dal-soup, water in which any kind of pulse is boiled (Te.); be_l.eta kat.t.u decoction of pulses (Tu.); kat. soup (Pa.); decoction of pulse (M.)(DEDR 1150). kahai, kad.hai boils, stews (Pkt.); kerav to cook (Gypsy); keredo hot (Gypsy); kar. to boil (Pas'.); kayoiki (Sh.); kar.han.u to boil, fret (S.); kar.han. to boil, rise (L.); kad.hvu~ to boil (G.); kad.hn.e~ to be boiled (M.); kad.ayta_ boils (Konkan.i); kara-wou boiled water (K.); kad.ha_uni_, kad.ha_uli_ earthen vessel in which milk, etc. is boiled (H.)(CDIAL 3635). kvathana boiling by fire (Sus'r.); kad.hana (Pkt.); kad.han. hot-tempered; n. water taken from boiling pulse, etc. and mixed with spices (G.); decoction, broth of pulse or grain (M.)(CDIAL 3636). kvathita boiled (Mn.); kvathita_ decoction of curcuma, asafoetida and milk (Bhpr.); kat.hita hot (Pali); kad.hia boiled; n. decoction (Pkt.); kad.hia_ a kind of food (Pkt.); khaii soup made of strips of thin bread put into water and boiled (Sh.); kuru curdled milk cooked and spiced (K.); kar.hi_ dish of pulse dressed with sour milk (S.); gruel (prepared in a variety of ways)(P.); pulse meal with spices and sour milk (H.); kar.i_ curry made of curds by boiling (Ku.); kar.i broth of rice fragments and sour milk (N.); kad.hi_ a kind of soup (G.); flour etc. boiled in buttermilk (M.)(CDIAL 3637). kva_tha boiling (Ya_j.); decoction (VarBr.S.); ka_vo decoction, potion (G.); ka_d.ha decoction (Pkt.); ka_r.ho decoction, sultriness (S.); ka_r.ha_ medicinal decoction (Bhoj.); ka_d.ho (G.); ka_d.ha_ (M.)(CDIAL 3639). kva_thayati makes boil (Kaus'.); ka_run to boil (K.); ka_r.han.u to boil, distress (S.); ka_r.hn.a_ to boil (P.); ka_r.nu_ (WPah.); ka_r.ha_eb (Mth.)(CDIAL 3640). kvathathi boiled (Dha_tup.); kat.hati boils, stews (Pali)(kuthati boils (Pali)(CDIAL 3282). cf. kal.i thick pulp, liquid paste, a kind of pasty pottage made with flour, etc. (Ta.)(DEDR 1378). Nitrate; decoction: ka_d.e a decoction (Ka.); kas.a_ya (Skt.); ka_t.a (M.H.); ka_d.e, ka_t.e water in which rice has been washed, kept till it ferments; sour gruel (Ka.lex.) ka_t.ikka_ram nitrate of silver, lunar caustic, argenti nitras; cf. ka_t.i fermented gruel or rice-water (Ta.Ka.); cf. yava-ks.a_ra saltpetre (Skt.); ka_t.icca_l broad-mouthed pot for keeping sour rice-water (Cin-e_n. 172)(Ta.lex.) ka_t.i fermented gruel or rice-water, vinegar, gruel, pickled (Ta.); water in which rice has been washed, kept till it ferments; vinegar (Ma.); ka_t.e, ka_d.e a kind of fermented pap of jo_l.a or ra_gi, to which buttermilk is added (Ka.); ka~_d.i rice-water, gruel (Te.)(DEDR 1436).
1563.Capital city: kat.aka table-land; an army, a camp; a royal capital or metropolis; a house or dwelling; name of the capital of Orissa; kat.a_ha a dvipa or division of a known continent (Skt.lex.)
1564.Wood: kat. wood, timber, cut or growing; kat. reak wooden; kat. a dry measure, a maund, used with respect to grain; kat.ha a land measure, the twentieth part of a bigha; a measure, equal to two seers; kat.hi id.; the weight or weights attached to a certain kind of fish net to make it sink; kat.hli a small wooden cup for holding oil; kat. makor. wood and all connected with it; kat.pat firewood and leaves; kat.kut. expert in wood-work, skilled in black arts (Santali.lex.) kat.t.ige (Tadbhava of ka_s.t.hika) a piece of wood or timber; wood or timber; fuel; a stick, a club (Ka.); ka_s.t.ha (Ka.Skt.); kat.t.ai (Ta.); kat.t.e (Te.); kat.t.igeyava a mace-bearer, a door-keeper; one who bears, or sells, wood (Ka.lex.) kat.a a thin piece of wood, plank (Skt.lex.)
1565.Images: vein of a leaf; cut; piece: kad.d.i small stick, bit of wood, fibre or vein of a leaf, bit of a stem or a haulm, small stick used for writing (Ka.); small stick, bit of wood (Kod..); kad.d.i the fibre or vein of a leaf, a very small stick (Tu.); ka_d.i_ match-stick (?M.)(DEDR App.24). kad.i small fragment, bit (Tu.); kad.uta, gad.i a cut, incision (Tu.); kat.ikai piece cut off (Ta.)(DEDR 1125). Small stick: kad.d.i_ stick (esp. of metal), bar, ingot, slate pencil (Te.); kad.d.i small stick (Kod..Ka.)(DEDR App.24). ka_d.i_ little stick, blade of grass (M.); ka_d.u_k little stick (M.); kar penis (Gypsy); ka_r.u (S.); ka_r.h (H.); ka_r. (G.)(CDIAL 3017). kot.hu impalement stake (K.); small stick (K.); ka_t.hi splinter (Or.); ka_t.hi_ thin bamboo measuring rod (A.B.); ka_t.hi_ pole, horse's penis (M.); stick, measure of 5 cubits (M.G.); kat.a dry stick, fuel (Si.); ka_hor.i piece of wood serving as axle in a flour-mill (WPah.)(CDIAL 3120).
1566.Image: tooth, tusk: {Echo word} kat.aka a tooth, tusk; danta, da_d.e (Ka.lex.) cf. ka_l.e, ka_hale (Tadbhava of kahal.e) a metal horn (trumpet) of a long tapering shape, or of a horn-like shape (Ka.lex.) Images: piece of elephant's tusk; small stick; piece: gat.u piece of stick in a dog's collar; gat.o piece of wall, piece of canal left undug; gat.i_ piece of elephant's tusk, etc. (S.); gat.t. cluster, stopper (P.); gat.t.a_ stopper (P.H.); git.i_ small bit of food (S.)(CDIAL 3965). gan.d.rincu to cut, divide; gan.t.u to cut, wound; n. cut, wound, notch (Te.); gan.d.rikalu pieces, fragments (Te.); gundr.a piece; gandranga rath'nai to cut in pieces; gan.d.ra piece (Kuwi)(DEDR 1176). kita a piece, division, part; mit bar kita one or two pieces; mit kita khet one field (Santali.lex.) kad.i to gnash, as the teeth; to chew (Ka.); kat.i (Ta.Ma.); kad.e, kaje (Tu.); kar-acu, kar-ucu (Te.) (Ka.lex.) kat.a-kat.a-ttal to become loose, as teeth (Ta.lex.) kat.akat.a kad.i, kat.t.ane kad.i to grind one's teeth (also kat.t.akat.t.a kad.i); to produce the sound kat.akat.a in chewing a hard or crips substance; kat.akat.ennu to crackle; kat.akane with the sound of kat.a, produced when one bites a hard or crisp substance; kat.aku, kat.uku, kat.ikat.i crispness (of bread and other eatables)(Ka.); kat.ukut.u noise produced in biting or chewing any hard substance (Tu.); kat.ukku sound produced in biting or in cutting with nippers; kat.akat.a a crackling noise, as in chewing etc. (Te.)(DEDR 1110b).
1567.Sound of rubbing: kar-akar-a to crackle in the mouth (as a crisp cake)(Ta.)(DEDR 1386). kat.akat.a_ sound of rubbing (MBh.); kat.akat.a_payati makes a grating sound (R.); kad.atkr.ta noise (Skt.); kat.akat.a_yati creaks, snaps, crushes (Pali); kad.ayad.a crackling; kad.ayad.ia adj. (Pkt.); kar-kar karun to crackle (K.); kar.kar. crash of thunder (B.); kar.a-kar.a sound of frying oil (Or.); kar.a-mar.a gnashing of teeth (Or.); kar. loud crackling sound (G.); kad.-kad. crashing; kad.a_d. crackling (M.); kad.akkiya crackling (Pkt.); kar.akn.a_ to rattle, crackle (P.); karkanu to crack, curl up; kakranu to curl up (N.); kar.ka_na to admonish (B.); kar.akiba_ to boil (of oil), foam with rage (Or.); kar.a_ko fasting (OMarw.); kar.a_ko loud crack; kar.ak dry, crisp, hot-tempered (G.); kad.akn.e~ to crackle (M.)(CDIAL 2632). kit.akit.a_yate_ grates the teeth (Sus'r.); kid.ikid.ia_ grating of teeth, sound of dry bones (Pkt.); kiri_r.n.a_, kirar.n.a_ to grind the teeth; kir.kir.a_un.a_, kir.kar.a_un.a_ to speak angrily (P.); kirik-kirik, kirin.-kirin. grating noise (as of teeth)(N.); kir.kir., kirkir, kir.mir. (B.); kir.ikir.i (Or.); kir.kir.a_na_ to sound gritty (H.)(CDIAL 3154). khat.akhat.a_yate_ crackles (Skt.); khat.akhat.a noise of hawking (Pali); khad.ahad.a rattling (of chains etc.)(Pkt.); khar.kan.u to rattle, crackle (S.); khar.kan. to rustle; khar.ka_van. to make rustle, beat (L.); khar.ka_un.a_ to make rattle, thump (P.); kharkhara_unu to rustle, creak (N.); khar.khar.a_na to crackle, crunch (B.); khar.akhar.a rattling (Or.); khar.khar.a_na_ to make noise with (H.); khar.khar.vu~ to rattle (G.); khad.khad.n.e~ (M.); khat.ikhat.i rattling (S.); khat.ka_un.a_ to knock; khat.a_pat.i_ noise (P.); khat.khat.a_unu to clash (N.); khat.pat squabble (N.); khat.khat. sound of collision, clatter (A.B.); khat.akhat.a rattle (Or.); khat.khat.a_na_ to make clatter (H.); khat.khat. click (G.M.); khat.pat. discord (G.)(CDIAL 3771). cf. kat.akat.av-en-al, kat.akat.-en-al clattering, rattling, rumbling; sounding rapidly (Ta.)(DEDR 1110a). cf. gad.ayad.a sound of thunder (Pkt.)(CDIAL 3972). cf. gorgor gurgling (K.); ghar.ghar.a_na_ to thunder, crack (H.)(CDIAL 4419).
1568.Bad smell: cf. kus- (-t-) to urinate (Kond.a)(DEDR 1635). korcu, koccu stench of urine (Ka.); kujaru id., any bad smell (Tu.); kotte urine (Kor.)(DEDR 2128). racasec to urinate; jurni (female child) to urinate; jorea (male child) to urinate; pon.d. jhar white urine; jhar deposit in urine (Santali.lex.)
1569.Image: a cut, a piece: kad.uku cutting; a cut, a piece (Ka.); kad.iku id. (Ka.); kad.uku a bit, a little bit; a jag; kat.uku a limited compass; smallness, littleness; a thin end (Ka.lex.) kad. the customary grant allowed on a purchase of hundred articles of the same kind (G.); kat.a side, margin (Skt.)(G.lex.) kad.e, kad.a edge, side (OM.)(DEDR 1109). kat.uka to cut (Skt.); caro cutlet (Lat.)(Pali.lex.) kan.d.a the portion of a stalk or cane between one knot and another; a section, portion; a small portion, a bit or lump (Pali); clades (Lat.); ka_n.d.a (Skt.)(Pali.lex.) kad.i small fragment, bit (Tu.); kat.i, kad.ita, kad.a, kad.ata, kad.uku cutting, portion cut off (Ka.); kat.ikai piece cut off (Ta.); kad.iyuni to be cut in two; kad.uni, kad.upuni to cut, fell; kad.da_t.a cutting, fighting; kad.uta, gad.i a cut, incision (Ka.); kad.i-kan.d.alu fragments, bits, pieces (Te.); xat.t.na_ (xat.t.yas) to divide, separate in several sets or parts, portion out (Kur.)(DEDR 1125). Twenty: ta'red to measure (quantity); tar-gad to cut up into small pieces; to mince (Sora.lex.)[cf.the morpheme -gad and Zide's insights on -kad as a reflex connoting '20'. gad + tam (cut-month) = gattam to reduce the quantity measured; gad- to cut, split; gad-gad to cut repeatedly (Sora); had (Mundari); get, ged (Birhor); gada (Kachari)(Sora.lex.)]
1570.Image: pole: gad.i, gad.e a pole (Ka.); kar..i a staff (Ta.Ma.)(Ka.lex.) kat.i drumstick (Patir-r-up. 84,1); kat.ippu id. (Man.i. 25,51); handle of the bellows (Ci_vaka. 2830)(Ta.lex.)
1571.Relations: kat.umpu relations (kat.umpin- kat.umpaci kal.aiyunark- ka_n.a_tu : Pur-ana_.68,2)(Ta.lex.); cf. kut.umba family (Skt.)
1572.Ball of mahua and flour: kad.umbu, kad.ubu, kad.abu a kind of cake boiled in steam (Ka.); kad.imbi, kad.iumbut.t.i small ball of rice (Kod..); kad.ubu, kad.umbu a kind of cake (Tu.); kud.umu a bun or cake boiled in steam [vowel u by crossing with u items in: gud.d.u eyeball (Ka.)(DEDR 1680)]; kud.um flour-ball; kuddum (pl. kudduhk) the ball of mahua and flour which Gonds take on journeys as provisions (Go.); kad.bu_ a cake stuffed and rolled up (M.)(DEDR 1139).
1573.Image: doolie: kat.t.an.am doolie, litter (Kuruparam. 385, Pan-n-i_.); bier (Tiruppu. 49)(Ta.lex.) kat.aka-t-tan.t.u < kat.aka palanquin (Cilap. 14,126, Urai.)(Ta.lex.)
1574.Image: to be raised; portable: skadyate_ is spurted out (Skt.); khazo_nu, khazyo_nu to come up or out (Sh.); khajan.u to be raised, to be lifted, be carried; khajin.o movable, portable (S.); kha~_ziba to ram down (A.)(CDIAL 13624).
1575.Image: wooden vessel for oil: ke~r.iya_ wooden or earthen vessel for oil etc. (B.); ka~_r.a_ oil vessel made of bamboo joint, needle of bamboo for netting (B.); ka~_r.i_ wooden milkpail (Mth.)(CDIAL 3023). ka_t.he wooden (N.); kat.hiya_ a wooden dish (H.); ka_t.hiyo wooden frame of a wagon (G.)(CDIAL 3133). Image: broad-mouthed pot: ka_t.i-c-ca_l broad-mouthed pot for keeping sour rice-water (Cin-e_n. 172)(Ta.lex.) ka_t.i-c-ca_l-mu_lai north-eastern corner where waste water is emptied in a pot at sacrifice; ka_t.i-y-at.uppu a fireplace in the form of a long ditch used for cooking on a large scale (Ta.lex.) Bowl: kat.i beggar's bowl; kat.ijai id. (Man.i. Pati. 63); earthen vessel (Ta.)(Ta.lex.); cf. ghat.i_ (Skt.); kat.ikai plate from which food is eaten; drinking vessel with a spout; cf. kun.t.ikai (Ta.lex.) Grain measure: ka_t.i a measure of capacity for grain (S.I.I. iii,9); < kha_ri_ (RV.)(Ta.lex.) cf. kat.a_ram cauldron (Ta.)(DEDR App. 22). kad.a_i, kad.a_ye cauldron (Kon.lex.) kad.a_yi (Tadbhava of kat.a_ha) a large, round boiler of copper, bell-metal or iron (Ka.); kal.asige id. (Ka.); kad.a_ra (Te.); kid.a_ra (Ma.); kad.u-ka_vali a large frying-pan (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) kat.o_ri_, kat.o_ro a cup, a bowl; a semispherical vessel (G.); kat.o_ra_ (Skt.)(G.lex.) kat.a_ha a pot, vessel, vase, receptacle (Pali.lex.) Small pot; kettle: gan.d.i_ iron kettle (Pas'.); ghan.t.i_ small metal pot (H.)(CDIAL 4421). kin.t.i small drinking vessel with nozzle (Ta.); goblet, water-vessel with a snout (Ma.); kin.d.y metal drinking vesel (no spout)(Ko.); gin.d.i, gin.n.al, gin.n.il small metal water-vessel (with or without spout)(Ka.); kin.d.i small metal vessel with spout (Kod..); gin.d.i, gin.d.ya, gin.d.y goblet, small metal vessel; gin.nalu goglet, cup of bell-metal (Tu.); gin.d.i jug, drinking vessel with a spout (Te.); gin.d.i_ small metal vessel (M.)(DEDR 1541). Clepsydra: kin.n.am, kin.n.i small metal cup, clepsydra (Ta.); kin.n.am metal plate, gong (Ma.); kin.m (obl. kin.t-) metal eating vessel (To.); kin.n.alu brass cup (Tu.); ginniya, ginne cup, bowl, goblet (Te.); gina metal pot, cup (Ga.); geen a metal vessel (Go.); gina id., metal cup (Kond.a); gina_ metal cup (Kuwi); gina_ metal cup (Or.)(DEDR 1543). gan.d.i_ gong; gan.d.ika_ (BHSkt.); gan.d.i_ (Pali); ged.a (Si.)(CDIAL 4005). ghan.t.a_ bell (Skt.); ghan.t.ika_ small bell; ghan.t.u string of bells round an elephant's chest; granthi bell (Skt.); ghan.t.a_, ghan.t.i_ bell (Pali); gham.t.a, gham.t.ia_ (Pkt.); ghan.d.u bell; ghan.d.i_ small bell; ghin.d.u (S.); ghan.d. iron bell on a buffalo's neck (L.); ghan.d.a_ a bell used to attract deer (P.); gha_no bell; ga~_r. (Ku.); gha~_r.o bell on a dog's neck (N.); ghan.t.a_, ghan.t.i_ bell clock (Or.); ghan.t.a_ bell, clock, hour (H.); gan.t.a hoiur (Sh.); ghan.t.i_ small bell (H.); gha_m.t.a bell (OG.); gha~_t. (M.); gha_n.t.a (Konkan.i)(CDIAL 4421). t.in:go_ dancing-bells (Go.); t.in:go cow-bell (Pe.); t.i_ni a bell (Kui)(DEDR 2954). cf. ghun:gru small camel bell (L.); ghin:ghiru_ ankle bell, cattle bell (S.)(CDIAL 4477). cf. ka.li-gin.n.i ankle (Kod..); ken.t.ai id. (Ta.)(DEDR 1946). kin.n.-en-al, kin:kin.-en-al, kin.i_r-en-al, kin.i_l-en-al, kin.i_n--en-al, kin.ukku-kkin.ukk-en-al onom. expr. signifying tinkling sound (Ta.); kin.i cymbal; kin:kin.i, kin:kin.i tinkling ornament, girdle of small bells; rattlewort, crotalaria pulcherrina ; kin.iti rattlewort; kin.ai a small drum (Ta.); kin.ukin.a tinkling; kin.un.n.uka, kin.ukkuka to tinkle (Ma.); kon./kon.il in- (id--) id.; kon. gon. in- (id--) (bell) to peal (To.); kin.i-gut.t.u, kin.ikin.i ennu to tinkle (as small bells, etc.); gin.i sound in imitation of chinking, light rattling; gin.igin.ike the plant crotalaria in its various species, of which the seeds rattle (Ka.); kin.ikin.i tinkling of small bells, a clinking sound; kin.ilu noise made by the fall of a small bell; gin.igin.i, gin.ilu tinkling sound of a small bell (Tu.); gin:guru a ringing sound (Te.); kin.akin.ala_d.u to tinkle (Te.); kin.i sound of a small bell (Pali); kin.ikin.a_ya vb. applied to (sound of) sandals (BHSkt.); kin.ikin.inta making noise kin. kin. (Pkt.)(DEDR 1545). kin:kin.i_ small bell (MBh.); kin:kin.ika, kin:kan.ika (Pali); kim.kin.i_, kim.kin.ia_, khim.khin.i_, khim.khin.ia_ (Pkt.); kin:gn.i_ an ear-ornament of women (L.); ki~kni_ anklet with bells (Bi.); ki~kini_ girdle of small bells (H.); ki~kn.i_ little bell (M.); kikini girdle of small bells (Si.); kin:kin.i_ small bell (G.)(CDIAL 3152). ghan.t.a_rave crotalaria of various species (Ka.Skt.)(Ka.lex.) Image: clepsydra: gad.i a ghurry or hour of 24 minutes; a gong or plate of metal on which the hours are struck (Tadbhava of ghat.a)(Ka.); gad.i, gad.iye (Te.); gad.ige, gad.age, gad.igi (Tadbhava of ghat.aka_) an earthen vessel (Ka.); gad.a a liquid measure equal to forty se_rs (Ka.); gad.a (Tadbhava of ghat.a) an earthen vessel used like a drum (Ka.); cf. san:gad.a = san:gha_ta striking together (Ka.lex.) kat.ikai Indian hour of 24 minutes (Tiva_.); ghat.ika_ (Skt.); kat.ikaiyar court bards who, in ancient times, functioned as tellers of time in the royal court, their duty being to sing in verse for the information of the king, there and then, the exact time of the day (Kampara_. Er..ucci. 79); kat.ikaiya_r id. (Cilap. 5,49, Urai.); servants attached to palaces in ancient times whose duty it was to announce, by beat of drum, the king's commands to the public (S.I.I. ii,125); kat.ikai < ghat.a_ village assembly (I.M.P. Cg. 129)(Ta.lex.)
1576.Image: elephant: kat.ir-u < kal.iru elephant (Tiv. Periya_r... 3,2,6); cf. kal.ir-u male elephant (Man.i. 18,140); id. (Ma.); boar (Tol. Po. 589); male shark (Pin..)(Ta.lex.)
1577.Abundance: ka_t.u-pat.utal to abound, as wealth (I_t.u, 5,9,5)(Ta.lex.) ga_t.amu much, great (Te.); ga_t.i, ga_t.u much (Pe.); ga_t.u id. (Mand..); ga_t.i id. (Kuwi)(DEDR 1442). ghat.a_ collection, mass (BhP.); ghad.a_ (Pkt.); ghat.t.a dense; collection, troop (Pkt.)(CDIAL 4411). kat.i abundance, copiousness, plentifulness (Ci_vaka. 440)(Ta.lex.) kat.a much, excessive; excess, superabundance; kat.aka excess, largeness (Ka.lex.) Great: ga_t.i, ga_t.u much (Pe.); ga_t.u id. (Mand..); ga_t.i id. (Kuwi); ga_t.amu much, great (Te.)(DEDR 1442). Greatness: kati to become large, grow big, abound, be superior to; katippu thickness; katimai largeness, greatness (Ta.); kadiya strongly, well (Tu.)(DEDR 1191). tsad. much, in great uantity; kedo how great; tedo so great (Konkan.i.lex.) gan, gen big (Tor.); ghan.o much, many (S.); ghan.aum. much (OG.); ghan.d. big (Par.); go~_ big (Shum..); gho~_ big (Mai.); gand big (Tor.); go_nt (Gau.)(CDIAL 4424).
1578.Autumn crop: kati_ autumn crop, the month (S.); ka_rttika_ the twelfth month October-November (MBh.); kartiyasa (KharI.); kattiya (Pkt.); kati_, katte~, kateu~ the month; katte (L.); katta_ (P.); ka_ti (WPah.A.B.)(CDIAL 3070). kat.t.i-c-campa_ a kind of paddy maturing in four months (Ta.lex.) katak, kattak, katten. the name of the seventh month; kanak katak di putt jet.han. da wheat sown in katak and a first born son (are two blessings)(P.lex.) Image: pleiades; six presiding goddesses: ka_rtika, ka_rtike_ya Skanda (Ka.lex.) ka_rttikai-y-ar-uvar the six presiding deities of the constellation Pleiades (Paripa_. 5,45, Urai.); ka_rttikai-p-pen:kal. id. (Ta.); ka_rttikai-t-te_vima_r id. (W.); ka_rttikai Durga_; cf. ka_rttike_ya-su_ (Skt.); ka_rttikai-viratam monthly fast in honour of Skanda, when the moon is in conjunction with Pleiades, a constellation, part of me_t.a-ra_ci and it.apa-ra_ci (Tiva_.)(Ta.lex.) kr.ttika_ name of a constellation, pleiades (T.S. iv.4.5.1); a list of seven: amba_, dula_, nitatni, abhrayanti_, me_ghayanti_, vars.ayanti_, cupun.i_ka_ (Vedic.lex.) Image: pleiades: kr.ttike the third lunar mansion containing the stars called the pleiades, who are considered to be the nurses of Ka_rttike_ya; ka_rtika, ka_rttika (fr. kr.ttika_) name of the month Ka_rttika (October-November), when the moon is full and near the Kr.ttika_s; the eighth month in the ca_ndrama_na (lunar calendar); Skanda; ka_rttike_ya Skanda, the son of Agni and Gan:ga_, whose nurses were the Kr.ittika_s (Ka.lex.) ka_rttikai the eight month of the Indian calendar (ca_ndra-ma_na or lunar calendar)(Caivaca. A_ca_ri. 79); ka_rttikai-c-campa_ a kind of campa_ paddy, maturing in from four to six months; ka_rttikai-y-arici an ancient tax (S.I.I. i,90); ka_rttikai-ppori fried paddy mixed with treacle used in ka_rttikai festival (Ta.lex.) kr.ttika_ the pleiades (AV.); kattika_ the month October-November (Pali); kattiya_ pleiades (Pkt.); katyu~_ f. pl. (S.); ka_tya_ f. pl. (M.); khitti_ (P.); kti pl. (Si.)(CDIAL 3427). ka_tya_ pl. pleiades (M.); kti (Si.); kati_um. (S.); ka_tik month of kartika (H.); kattak (P.); kattia (Pkt.); kr.ttika_ (Skt.)(Bloch, pp.314). ka_tya_yani Durga_; ka_tya_yani_-putra Gan.e_s'a; Ka_rttike_ya (Ka.Skt.)(Ka.lex.) kattari, kattiri-veyyil < kr.ttika_ period of the greatest heat in summer, usually the fornight from 23rd cittirai to 7th vaika_ci (Ta.lex.)
1579.Image: hump: kuu the hump on a bull's shoulders (Ma.); kunja_r.i hump of bullock (Go.); koonjaree id. (Go.); gunzam, guzam shoulder (Kond.a)(DEDR 1643). skandha the shoulder; skandha-va_haka carrying on the shoulders; an ox trained to carry burdens (Ka.lex.)
1580.Mountain: kat.akin a mountain; kat.a_ha a heap or pile (Skt.lex.) kat.ka kot.ko hilly, hills and valleys, ups and downs, not level; t.un.d.i disom ad.i kat.ka kot.kogea the country of T.un.d.i is all hills and valleys; bel ot banukanan. eken kat.ka kot.kogea there is no level ground, only ups and downs (Santali.lex.)
1581.Country to the east of Malaya mountain range: ke_tuma_lavarut.am one of nine divisions of the earth; western portion of Jambu_-dvi_pa between the Gandhama_dana range and the sea (kut.akat.ar-ku-k-ki_r.. ke_tuma_lamen--k-kur-ittit.uka : Civataru. Ko_pura. 53); a region (kantama_tan-ame_r- pun.arina_ppan. ke_tuma_lvarut.am: Kantapu. An.t.ako_. 36), i.e. in the centre between gandhama_dana and the sea; cf. malayah. name of a mountain range in the south of India, abounding in sandal tree; name of the country lying to the east of the Malaya range, Malabar; malayajah. a sandal tree (Skt.lex.)
1582.Lamp-black: kajjala lamp-black (Sus'r.); id. used as collyrium for the eyes (Pali.Pkt.); kazul, kazalas lamp-black (K.); ka_jal. lamp-black (G.); soot (M.); kajalu (S.); kajal, kajla_ antimony for the eyes (L.); lamp-black for the eyes (P.); kajjal collyrium (WPah.); ka_jal (Ku.H.); collyrium (Or.); ga_jal id. (N.); ka_zal lamp-black, a kind of bluish earth for marking the foreheads of women (A.); ka_jara collyrium (Or.); kajjal., kajal.a lamp-black (Or.); ka_jar collyrium (Bi.Mth.Bhoj.); kajjal, kajla_ lamp-black, collyrium (H.); ka_jl.i_ soot (G.); made of soot (M.); ka_jjal.a lamp-black (Konkan.i); ka_zali dark red, purple (A.)(CDIAL 2622). kajlo_t.hi_ pot in which lamp-black is kept (P.)(CDIAL 2623). gajraut.o small pot for collyrium (N.); kajraut.o id. (N.); kajraut.a_ (Bi.); kajlaut.i_ (H.)(CDIAL 2624). ajati ~~ anakti anoints, smears, decorates (RV.); ajati smears, anoints (Pali); am.jai (Pkt.); ac to smear (Prasun.Kafiri); a~_jna_ to apply collyrium to the eyes (H.); a~_jvu~ (G.); andinava_ to anoint, paint (Si.)(CDIAL 169). ajana anointing, ointment (A's'vS'r.); ajan. collyrium (P.); andana_ anointing, painting, putting on (clothes)(Si.)(CDIAL 170). a_jana ointment (esp. for the eyes)(AV.); collyrium (Pa.); am.jan.a id. (Pkt.); a_nir.o collyrium pot (S.); a_nr.i_ id. (L.); a~_jan collyrium (B.H.); a~_jan. (G.); ajan.a (Konkan.i); andana, anduna (Si.)(CDIAL 1100). Collyrium: ka_d.ige lampblack, collyrium prepared from it (Ka.); collyrium of lampblack and oil (Tu.); ka_t.uka lampblack, collyrium (Te.); ka_d. to be burnt (Kond.a.Pe.Mand..Kuwi)(DEDR 1437). ka_r.. blackness (Ta.Ka.); ka_d.u id., black (Ka.); ka_ri, ka_l.i blackish (Tu.); kar.indi black (Mand..); karia, ka_dia, ka_r.ia black (Kuwi); ka_r.i_ya id. (Kuwi)(DEDR 1494). ka_la black, dark-blue (MBh.Pkt.); id. (Gypsy.D...); ka_l.a black, dark (Pali.B.); ka_l (Wot..); kolu (K.); ka_ro (S.); ka_la_ (L.P.H.); ka_lo (WPah.Ku.N.); kola_ (A.); kal.a_ (Or.); ka_ri_, kariya_ black (of cattle)(Bi.); karia_ black (Bhoj.Aw.); ka_l.o (Marw.); ka_l.u~ (G.); ka_l.a_ (M.); ka_l.o (Konkan.i); kal.u (Si.); kali dark woman (Si.)(CDIAL 3083).
1583.Image: to mirror: ka_t.t.u-tal to reflect, as a mirror or water (Kur-al., 706)(Ta.lex.) ka_t.t.u-tal caus. of ka_n. to show, exhibit, display (Na_lat.i, 293); id. (Ma.); to reveal, disclose, set forth (Kur-al., 849); ka_t.t.u brightness, light (Ci. Ci. 5,4); showing; exhibition, presentation (Nan-. 22)(Ta.lex.) kandil, kandi_l a lantern, a globe of glass (Ka.); kandi_la, khandi_la (M.H.)(Ka.lex.)
1584.Image: blind person: ka_n.al beholding (Tiv. Iyar-. 4,41); kan.n.ili blind person (Pa_rata. Patin-mu_n-. 91); kan.n.ilan- blind man; merciless man (Kur-al., 566)(Ta.lex.)kan-ar--cukkiran- a disease of the eye (Ci_varat.. 265); kanal(lu)-tal to redden (Pu. Ve. 6,23)(Ta.lex.)
1585.Unruly: kat.ampan- unruly person; kat.ampi lewd woman (Ta.); kat.ampan unruly (Ma.)(DEDR 1115).
1586.Image: hole: ka_tu hole through which thread, rope, hook, pin or shaft is passed, as the eye of a needle (Pat.t.in-at. Tiruppa_. Potu. 10); the groove in a sling in which is placed the sling-stone (Ain:kur-u. Pak. 143, Pa_t.t.u, 1); the top of a bond written on a palmyra as far as the hole through which it is filed; stamped part of an indenture or bond which is torn off when the bond is discharged (ka_tar-r-u-p-po_n-a mur-i)(Ta.lex.) ka_tu ear (more as a member than as organ of hearing), eye of needle (Ma.); ka.du ear (Ir.Pa_lKu.)(DEDR 1448). ka_tu-kil.l.utal, ka_tu-kir..ittal lit., to tear the ear, to tear the top of a bond written on a palmyra-leaf as far as the hole through which it is filed, to tear the stamped part of an indenture of bond, in token of its discharge; ka_tar-r-a-mur-i cancelled bond written on a palmyra leaf; ka_tu-kuttutal to beguile, deceive, mislead (Ta.lex.)
1587.Image: creeper: kat.i small creeper; kot.i climber, creeper (Perun.. Ucaik. 41,80); id. (Ma.); kod.i id. (Tu.); kot.i-k-ka_l betel pepper, piper betel; betel garden (Ta.lex.) kut.un:gaka, kud.un:gaka an arbour or bower formed of creeping plants (Skt.Ka.); a thatch, a roof; a hut; a granary (Ka.lex.)
1588.Image: bordering lines: ka_t.hi bordering lines or a border of gold and silk threads (Ka.); ka_d.i_ (M.); da_ban.a-ka_t.hi a certain border of a cloth (Ka.); dha_bal.a a dovecot (M.); karvata-ka_t.hi an embellished silken border of a do_tra (Ka.M.)(Ka.lex.) ?karvat.a the capital of a district, of two or four hundred villages, not a city nor a village, but partaking of both; a market-town (Skt.Ka.)(Ka.lex.) cf. ka_t.u border, limit (Pin..); place, tract of land; small village (Pin..); dry land (C.G.)(Ta.lex.) cf. kad.d.i small stick (Ka.Kod..Tu.Te.) (DEDR App. 24).
1589.Groove cutter: ka_t.i groove in woodwork, rabbet; ka_t.i-c-ca_l groove in woodwork, rabbet; ka_t.i-y-ul.i rabbet plane; ka_t.i-y-alaku groove cutter (C.E.M.); ka_t.i-y-ir..ai-pp-ul.i plough-plane; ka_t.i-vet.t.utal to scoop, cut into hollowness (Ta.lex.) Image: furrow: ca_l furrow in ploughing [ca_l furrow in ploughing: ur..uta ceca_l (Ci_vaka. 817)(Ta.lex.)], track of a sower while passing and repassing in sowing (Ta.); furrow, channel, track, line, direction (Ma.)(DEDR 2471). a_l.i_ a class (Or.); lane, row (M.); a_l. id. (M.); a_r, a_ri_, a_ri, a_il, a_l boundary of a field (Bi.Mth.); a_ri_ id. (H.); ad.i canal (Si.inscr.); ala, aliya stream, canal (Si.)(CDIAL 1102).
1590.Image: to cut; small wedge: ka_tu small wedge to hold in its place, a tenon, handle, a peg (Ta.lex.) ka_tu (ka_ti-) to cut, divide (Kantapu. Vilvalan-va_ta_vivatai. 15)(Ta.); ka_tal cutting, breaking (Ta.)(DEDR 1447). ka_tai division of a poem containing a narrative (Cilap. Pati. 63, Urai.)(Ta.lex.) gha_v, gha_ stroke, cut (G.); gha_ cut (Or.)(CDIAL 4460). Images: killing; fighting: ka_tu (ka_ti-) to kill, murder (Kantapu. Vit.ai. 43); n. murder (Ta.); ka_tal killing, fighting (Ma.); ka_du to war, fight, contend with; ka_duha fighting (Ka.); ka_duni to quarrel, fight, wrestle; ka_da_d.uni to fight; ka_da_t.a a fight, war, battle (Tu.)(DEDR 1447). gha_ta killing (Mn.Pali); blow, bruise (MBh.); gha_ya wound (Pkt.); ga_l wound, hurt (Sh.)( < a dialect with -l- < -t- as with s'ata-); gha_u wound (S.OAw.H.); beaten (OG.); wound, sore (P.N.); gha_ id. (P.N.); gha_o ulcer, boil (WPah.); ghau wound; gho (Ku.); gha_w, gha_ (A.); gha_ (B.); sore (Or.); gha_e~ forcibly (Or.); gha_i breach in a dam (Or.); gha_w wound (Bhoj.); gha_y wound (H.); gha_ya slaughter (OG.); gha_yo wounded person (G.); gha_v, gha_y wound (M.); gha_yu, gha_vu wound (Konkan.i); ek-gha_yi~_ at one blow (M.)(CDIAL 4460). Sacrifice: ka_vu sacrifice, oblation to inferior deities; ka_-ve_t.t.aikka_ran- head huntsman of the U_ra_l.i caste who distributes every animal that is killed (Ta.lex.) gha_taka killing (MBh.); executioner (Pali); gha_yaya killer (Pkt.); gha_o fishing net (S.)(CDIAL 4461). gha_tana killing (MBh.); gha_tani_ a kind of club (R.); gha_yan.a, gha_yan.a_ slaughter (Pkt.); gha_n.i_ calamity (S.); gha_n. great slaughter in battle (P.); gha_ni slaughter, destruction (N.); gha_n. ruin, destruction (G.)(CDIAL 4462). gha_tayati causes to be killed, kills (Mn.); gha_te_ti kills (Pali); gha_e_i (Pkt.); gha_in.u to wound (S.); ghaiya_iba to strike with a cutting instrument (A.)(CDIAL 4463). gha_ti blow, catching or killing birds, bird net (Skt.); gha_tika_ murder (Pali); gha_ia_ killing, blow (Pkt.); gha_i a decoy bird (A.)(CDIAL 4464). gha_tuka killing (AV.); gha_u_ wounding (S.); gha_u-ka_ma desirous of striking (Pkt.)(CDIAL 4465). kat.aka, kat.ika, kat.iga, kat.uka, kad.ika, kad.iga one who cuts or kills: a butcher (Ka.lex.)
1591.Image: quail; snipe; blue jay: ka_t.ai < ca_s.a rain quail, turnix taigoor (Ta.)(Ta.lex.); ka_d.a quail, tetras coturnix (Ma.); ka_d.e id. (Tu.); ka_t.iga~_d.u a kind of bird (Te.)(DEDR 1441). ca_s.a the blue jay, coracias indica (RV); snipe (L.P.); ca_sa a kind of bird (Pkt.); ca~_hi blue jay (S.); ca~_h, ca~_ (L.); ca_ha_ snipe (L.N.Bi.); snipe, sandpiper (H.); caha_ (P.); ca_hi_, cahi_ snipe (H.); ta_s, t.ha_s blue jay (M.)(CDIAL 4773). t.ava_ blue jay (Kol.); t.evval roller or blue jay (Halbi t.eva_sa_)(Pa.); tawwe_ id.; t.ave sp. bird; touw blue jay (Go.); t.a'o~_ name of a bird of blue plumage, blue jay (Kur.)(DEDR 2951). cf. ke_ya snipe or similar bird (Pa.); shrike bird (Kuwi); ke_ga magpie (Kui)(DEDR 1994). Millet: ka_t.ai-k-kan.n.i common millet, as having the colour of a quail's eyes (Pata_rtta. 1400); ka_t.ai-k-kar..uttan- quail-neck paddy, maturing in five months, raised in the southern Tamil districts; ka_t.ai-c-campa_ a kind of campa_ paddy (Ta.lex.)
1592.Necklace: kat.ikai < kan.t.hika_ necklace (Kalit. 96)(Ta.lex.)
1593.Lapis lazuli: ke_tu-ratnam lapis lazuli; vaid.hu_rya (Skt.)(Skt.lex.)
1594.Pigmy race: ke_tu a pigmy race (Skt.)(Skt.lex.) me_dara-ke_ti-de_va the god of me_das and ke_tis; me_da, ma_dara, me_dara, ke_da_ra a man who plaits baskets, mats, etc. of bamboo splits, a man of the basket-maker caste; gavar-iga; me_dage_ri a street where me_das live; me_dura fat; smooth, soft, bland, unctuous; thick, dense (Ka.); di_vi-me_dara a me_dara of a foreign part of the country; di_vi-me_dara-gatti a sort of knife; di_va (Tadbhava of dvi_pa); ke_tayya a name among s'aivas (Ka.); ke_tuma_la one of the nine great divisions of the world, the western vars.a of jambudvi_pa (Ka.)(Ka.lex.)
1595.Image: lower part of the body: ke_da_ra the body; ke_tu the dragon's tail or descending node: the lower part of the body of the daitya saim.hike_ya, which was severed from its head (called ra_hu) by Vis.n.u (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) ked belly from navel to groin (Ko.); ke0 lower belly (of man)(To.); gejje the groin between the belly and the thigh (Ka.); gajja id. (Te.)(DEDR 1938). Image: lower belly (of man); hip, waist: ker.i waist, back (G.); ker.e adv. behind, afterwards (G.); kat.i hip, buttocks (Mn.); kat.t.a hip (MBh.); kat.i hip, waist (Pali); in cmpd. kat.a- (Pali); kad.i (Pkt.); kaar.i_ vulva (Ku.); kar-dor.i_ waist-chain (Ku.); kari lower part of sternum (A.); kar.a side (Or.); kar loins, waist, buttocks (H.); kad.i waist (OG.); kad. side, waist (M.)(CDIAL 2639). cf. samgha_t.i a kind of garment (Sus'r.); monk's waist cloth (Skt.)(CDIAL 12861). komor the loins; komor kat.hi an ornament made of shells, resembling the tail of a tortoise, tied round the waist and sticking out behind, worn by men sometimes when dancing (Santali.lex.) kat.aka the buttocks; kat.i the hip, the loins (Skt.Ka.); the buttocks (Ka.); kat.is'i_rs.aka the hip (as projecting like a head); the hip and loins, or the hollow above the hips; kat.isu_tra a zone or waist-band worn by females (Ka.Skt.)(Ka.lex.) cf. ko_van.am man's loin cloth (Tiruva_ca. 12,2); ko_van.an- lit. one with a loin-cloth, S'iva (Tiruvicai. Karuvu_r. 46); Vas'is.t.ha, as having Ka_mate_n-u with him (Catu.)(Ta.)(Ta.lex.) kat.aka the buttocks; kat.i-pro_tha the buttocks (Ka.Skt.); kun.d.e (Ka.); kat.ayuga, kat.asa_nu (Ka.); kat.i_ra a hip; the part about the hips, the cavity of the loins or the iliac region (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) cf. ke.d- (ke.dy-) to lean one's back against support (Ko.); ge_nd.- (-it-) to lean (Kuwi); ge_t.- (-h-) id. (Kuwi); ge_nd.- to lean (Mand..); to lean against (Pe.); kendu to lean on (Ka.)(DEDR 2012). cf. kad.e side, end (Ka.); kat.ai end, limit (Ta.); kat.as'i end (Ma.); kad.e end, margin, verge (Tu.); kad.a side, end (Te.); kat.am mountain side (Ta.)(DEDR 1109; CDIAL 2639). Waist: kar.ma_ waist (Kur.); kar.me id. (Malt.)(DEDR 1143). kediya, kadiya waistcloth (Pe.)(DEDR 1190). krem the back (Kho.)(CDIAL 2776). kappat.a_ waist (Ta.lex.) kit.t.a hip; kit.a gui id., waist (Pa.); kit.t.e waist (Ga.); kit.e pu_n hipbone (Ga.)[pu_n bone (Ga.); purni bone (Nk.)(DEDR 4299)](DEDR 1537). Loins: kariha~_u loins (Aw.); kariha~_wa, kariha~_ waist, loins (OH.); karha_, karha_na_ (H.)(CDIAL 2640). Belt supporting loincloth: kardhani, kandhani belt supporting the loincloth (N); kardhan chain hung round waist (Bi.); karadhani_ girdle (Mth.); kau~dhani_, kaudhani_ belt (OH.); kardhani_, kandhani_ (H.); kat.i-bandhan (Skt.)(CDIA 2634).
1596.Disopyros yielding tar; ebony: ke_ndu a kind of ebony, diospyros embryopteris; ke_nduka diospyros glutinosa yielding a sort of tar (Skt.); kendu the tree diospyros tomentosa (A.); diospyros embryopteris (B.Or.); diospyros glutinosa (Or.); ke~du_ (H.)(CDIAL 3464). cf. tumpi Ceylon ebony, diospyros tomentosa (Ta.)(DEDR 3329). cf. sa_la shorea robusta (Pali. Pkt.) (CDIAL 12412).
1597.Coromandel ebony: karun:ka_li coromandel ebony of Mysore, diospyros tupru (Ta.); karin.n.a_li blackwood, mimosa catechu; karumaram shorea robusa; ebony, diospyros (Ma.); karimara diospyros melanoxylon; kaggali blackwood (Ka.); kari-mara id.; karmaru a superior kind of firewood, vatica laccifera (Tu.)(DEDR 1282). cf. karu black (Ta.)(DEDR 1278). cf. tumburu (Skt.)(CDIAL 5872). tumpi diospyros tomentosa; Ceylon ebony (Ta.)(DEDR 3329).
1598.Image: ridicule: ke_n.i, ke_l.i, ke_n.igol. to begin to move about or to sport, to take up the movement of (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) ken.t.ai ridicule, mockery, banter (Ta.); kid.y abuse (To.)(DEDR 1948). can-n-ai-ca_t.ai secrecy (Ka_vat.ic.); can-n-ai < sam.ja_ hint(Kur-r-a_. Kur-a. 75,2); significant gesture (Vir-alivit.u. 330); words of ridicule, of derision (Aricamaya. Pat.t.ana_. Pak. 258,5); can-n-ai-cayikkin-ai hint, ca_t.ai-ma_t.ai (Maturakavi. 47)(Ta.lex.) cf. ca_t.u concealment (Te.); sa_t.u hiding, secret place (Kond.a)(DEDR 2441). kekkat.t.am loud laughter; kekkali (-pp-, -tt-) to laugh violently; n. loud laughter (Ta.); kek smile, laughter; ke(k) kisad laughing; koks-/keks' in- to make noise of laughter (To.); geggili, geggalu derision (Te.)(DEDR 1933). gilili tittering; gilli, gilla_ mockery (N.); gillo, gilla_ ridicule (G.)(CDIAL 4165). hilati behaves amorously (Dha_tup.); he_late_ sports (MBh.); he_d.ati behaves amorously (Dha_tup.); hal.vu~ to be illegally attached to a man (of a woman)(G.); her.n.o to trifle with (Ku.); helna_ to sport, play, dally (H.)(CDIAL 14115). ke_li fun, jest, joke, pleasantry; ridicule, derision, mockery; buffoonery, mimicry (Ta.lex.) khilli_ fun; khillu_ playful (H.); khillai plays; khillan.a toy (Pkt.); khe_lai plays; khe_lan.a, khe_lan.aya playing (Pkt.); khel.iba_, khel.a, khel.a_ (Or.); khel.o itinerant actor (G.); khel.n.e~ vb., khel. (M.); khel.a_ (Konkan.i); khel to play, dance; ke_lar, ke_lauar (Gypsy); khe_lun vb., khe_la, dat. khe_li (K.); khelnu vb., khel sb. (N.); khela_iba to amuse; khel playing (A.); khela_, caus. khela_na, khel sb. (B.); khelna_, caus. khila_na_, khel (H.); khelai vb. (OMarw.); kelinava_ vb., keliya sb. (Si.); khellai, khelan.a (Pkt.); khela (S.); kheln.a_, khelhna_, caus. khila_un.a_, khalaun.a_ (P.); kheli sport (Or.); khelab (Mth.); khe_lal (Bhoj.); khe_lab (Aw.); khela (OAw.); khelvu~, khel (G.); ke_l.ayati fondles; ke_l.i play (Pali); kel.inava_ to play; kel.iya play (Si.)(CDIAL 3918). ke_ru to deride, ridicule (Te.); ke_radamu ridicule, derision; kre_d.incu to slight; kre_n.incu to jeer, ridicule; ki_ri_ derision (Go.); gre_spa (gre_st-) to mock, mimic, ridicule, deride; n. mockery, derision, ridicule (Kui); grespali to imitate; greh- (grest-) to mock (Kuwi)(DEDR 2010). To laugh; to neigh: ciri (-pp-, -tt-) to laugh, neigh (as a horse), blossom, ridicule; n. laughter, smile; cirippu laughter, ridicule, jest, neigh (Ta.); ciri laughter; cirikka to laugh; kir-ikkuka to show the teeth, grin (Ma.); siry joy (To.); kiri to grin, show the teeth; kirisu to cause to display or show the teeth; ciricu to titter, laugh; siri to smile (Ka.); khr.ikhali (r. = r) to neigh (Kuwi)(DEDR 1562). ki_r-u (ki_r-i-) to hint at (Ta.); kir-i (-pp-, -tt-) to play pranks; n. stratagem, artifice, practical joke (Ta.); gir-upu, gir-uvu, girpu, girvu, gilupu, gi~_t.u to wink, as in making a sign or conveying a hint (Te.); gi_t.ap- to wink (Ga.); gir-gir (hur.a_na_) to wink jocularly at anyone as a signal (Go.); kannu_ gitali to blink; kanka gitkinai to sleer (sic)(Kuwi)(DEDR 1625). To neigh: kil.a (-pp-, -nt-) to express clearly, make special mention of, state specifically; kil.attu (kil.atti-) to express clearly; kil.appu speech, utterance; kil.avu word, speech, language (Ta.); kil.ir, kil.ir- to sound, neigh (Ka.); kel.ar to cry out, roar (Ka.); kel-, kell- to tell (Go.); ke_r.- (-it-) (cock) to crow (Kond.a); kr.e- (-t-) id. (Pe.); kla_pa (kla_t-) to crow, coo, lament; n. call of a male bird, lament; kelpa (kelpi-) to invoke, petition a deity, repeat incantations; n. incantation, invocation; kle_ga (kle_gi-), kleha (klehi-), ke_pa (ke_pi-) to bewitch, enchant, exert magical powers; n. sorcery, witchcraft (Kui); kr.e-/kr.en- (kr.ent-), kre_cali (kre_t-; r = r.) to crow (Kuwi)(DEDR 2017). cf. xe_r fowl (Kur.)(DEDR 2013). he_s.ati neighs, whinnies; he_s.ita (MBh.); he_sati neights (Pali); he_sita (Pali); he_sia neighing (Pkt.); he~hsiba to neigh; he~hani neighing (A.); hesn.e~ neigh; he~sn.e~ neigh (M.); hi_saman.a, him.siya neighing (Pkt.); hi~_sna_ to neigh, whinny (H.); hisn.e~, hi_sn.e~ (M.)(CDIAL 14166). he_s.a_ neighing, whinnying (Ma_rkP.); he_sa_ neighing (Pali.Pkt.); him.sa_ (Pkt.); hi~_s (H.); loud panting of a horse (G.)(CDIAL 14167). hisa_ro, hisa_rav neighing (G.)(CDIAL 14168). hre_s.a_ neighing (MBh.); re_s.a_ howling (Skt.); ri_ha scream (S.)(CDIAL 14187). Image: she whose hair is dishevelled: kedar-i she whose (hair) is dishevelled; kedar-ike the state of being dishevelled; kedar-u to be dishevelled (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) cf. citar (-v-, -nt-) spilling, powder (Ta.)(DEDR 1546). Image: weeding hook: kettava_ri, ketva_ri a kind of weeding hook (Ka.)(Ka.lex.)
1599.Image: hair: kel (pl. -k) hair, feather (Go.); kelu (pl. kelku) feather (Kond.a); kel (pl. -k) id. (Pe.); kelu (pl. kelka), ked.u (pl. ket.ka) large feather, quill (Kui); kellu_ (pl. kelka) feather; kelu (pl. kelka) (large) feather (Kuwi); kalga_ plumes (Kur.)(DEDR 1973). ke_ndid (pl. ke_ndil) feather (Pa.); kendit., kendut. (pl. kendukul) id.; kendi_ (pl. kendiki_l, kendiku_l), kendit. hair (Ga.)(DEDR 2002). Image: bristle, stiff hair: s'e_t.a, s'an.t.a, s'a_t.a, san.t.a a bristle, a stiff hair (Ka.); sad.a (M.)(Ka.lex.) san.t.a the hair about the privities; s'e_n.t.a (Ka.lex.) cf. cat.ai matted locks of hair (Paripa_. 9,5); jat.a_ (Skt.); cat.aiyappan- lit, the father or lord with matted hair, S'iva (Tiruva_ca. 8,11); cat.aiyan- a Ve_l.a_l.a chief of ven.n.eynallu_r, patron of Kampan- (Kampara_. Ve_l.vi. 1)(Ta.lex.) can.d.ike a tuft; a crest (Ka.); cen.t.u (Ta.); s'e_n.d.i_ (M.)(Ka.lex.) Image: lion's mane; fibres, weed, grass; bush: goat's hair: ca_t.i ?<jat. man's hair (Ta.lex.) sat.a_ lion's mane, braid of hair (MBh.); jat.a_ hair twisted together (Pa_rGr..); fibrous root, root (Bhpr.); matted hair, tangled boughs (Pali); jad.a_ tangled or braided hair (Pkt.); zara hair on scalp (esp. of infant)(K.); jar. goat's hair (WPah.); jar.h root (L.P.); jar.a_u matted hair (P.); jar hair (Gy.); jar.ya~_ root fibres (G.); ja_t. sheep's wool (G.)(CDIAL 5086). jham.t.i_ small bunch of hair (Pkt.); jhan.d.i first hair on a child's head (S.); jhan.d. (L.P.); za~t. matted hair (A.); jha~_t. pubic hair (B.H.P.Ku.M.); matted tress (M.); jha~_t.i pubic hair (Mth.); jha~_t.a (S.); jha~_t.ha_ (N.); jha~_t.u~ (G.); jhan.t.i little tuft of hair on head (Or.); jha_n.t.i lock or combed out hair (Konkan.i); za_t. hair (Sv.); jha_t. goat's hair (Phal.); jhe_et.i mane (Phal.); zat.h, zat. goat's hair (Sh.); zat.h, zat.i clotted lump of hair on head, hair combings (K.); jha_t.t.a_ woman's long hair (P.)(CDIAL 5334). jat.ila having twisted hair (Mn.Pali); ascetic (MBh.); jad.ila, jad.illa (Pkt.); dul.ulu ascetic with matted hair (Si.)(CDIAL 5087). ja_t hair of head (D..); jat hair of animals (Sh.); jati soft downy hair (S.); jatt, jat goat or camel's hair, sheep's wool, short hair on body; jat goat's hair (L.); hair (WPah.); jas. goat's hair (Tor.); jac id. (Kal.); zoc (khho.); zas hair (Wot..)(CDIAL 5095). cat.a_t.avi < jat.a + at.avi_ thick matted hair: kamalai-p-pira_n- cecat.a_t.avita_n- (Tanippa_. i,71,141); cat.aiyo_n- (Tirukko. 89), cat.a_-taran-, cat.a_-ta_ri S'iva, as having matted hair < Skt. (Piramo_t. 16,48); Vi_rabhadra; cat.a_-ta_ri a masquerade dance (Cilap. 3,13, Urai); cat.ai-mut.i, cat.a_-makut.am matted hair coiled into a crown (Tan-ippa_. i,15,23)(Ta.lex.) Image: uncombed hair; plaited hair: cat.ai matted locks of hair (Paripa_. 9,5); plaited hair; cat.ai-p-pin-n-al intertwining like matted locks (Ta.lex.) cat.ai bushy or shaggy hair (Ta.); jat.a, cat.a, cet.a, cit.a matted hair (as of ascetics)(Ma.); jer.v (jerd.) (hair) is bushy and uncombed (Ko.); jat.e, jad.e, jad.i, jed.e hair matted and twisted together, a braid of hair (of females)(Ka.); jad.e, jed.e matted hair, plaited hair, hood of a serpent (Tu.); jad.e woman's hair-plait, hood of cobra (Kod..); jad.a plaited hair, matted hair (Te.)(DEDR App.35). jha_l tassel of hair (M.)(CDIAL 5357). jhallari_ curl (Pkt.); jha_lar fringe (N.); fringe, mosquito net (B.); lace-end (H.); fringe, shallow wickerwork tray with a border (G.M.); za_lar frill (A.); jha_lara fringe, frill (Or.); jha_lari lace-end (Bhoj.)(CDIAL 5356).
1600.Image; basin for water: ke_da_ra a basin for water round the root of a tree (Skt.)(Ka.lex.)
1601.Image: tuna fish: ke_dar tuna fish (Tu.lex.)
1602.A sacred shrine: ke_ta_ram < ke_da_ra a shrine in the Himalayas sacred to S'iva (Te_va_. 1152); field; ke_ta_ra-kauri-viratam religious vow observed by women on the day before the new moon in the month of Aippaci, in honour of Pa_rvati_ who dwells in ke_ta_ram; ke_ta_ra-yo_kam (astrol.) presence of seven planets in four consecutive houses, indicating good fortune (Can. Aka.) (Ta.lex.) ke_da_ra a field; a park; a temple (Ka.lex.)
1603.A field: ke_ttu < khet (U.) < ks.e_tra field; ke_ttiri < ks.e_trin Vis.n.u (Ve_ta_. Cu_. 71); ke_ttiram land, field (Ta.); sacred place, shrine, any place of pilgrimage (Tiruva_n-ak. Mu_rt. 4); ke_ttuva_ri < khetwa_ri (U.) portion taken as temple-revenue from the gross produce of dry lands, before a division of the yield is effected between the ryot and government (G.Tn.D. i,313) (Ta.lex.) ke_da_ra a field under water; meadow; ke_da_ra-khan.d.am a small dyke, earth raised to keep out water (Skt.)(Skt.lex.) se_dya cultivation, farming (Ka.); se_dyamu (Te.)(DEDR 2811). key, kay, keyi, gey to perform, to do, to make, to work (Ka.); cey (Ta.Ma.); ce_ (Te.); key, kay, keyi, keyyi, kai a field (Ka.); cey (Ta.); ce_, ce_nu, keyye, kai, celake (Te.); kar..an-i, kaitai, ce, cer-uvu, ker..umu, cer..umu, kali, tar..ai to germinate, to shoot etc. (Ta.); kati, cer..i to thrive, be fertile (Ta.); kar..e, kaye to thrive, bring fruit; kayar-u, karya to increase, rise (Ka.); keygampu the smell or fragrance of a field (Ka.lex.) Garden: ke_da_ra a field (Skt.); ke_da_ra, ke_ta_ra a park (Ka.); a temple; Ke_da_r a part of the Hima_laya; key, hola; ke_da_ralaks.mi a field regarded as Laks.mi (Ka.lex.) cey field, esp. wet field; kaitai paddy field (Ta.); ceyi rice-field (Ma.); key, key(y)i, kay field (Ka.); kette wet mud, mire (Kod..); ce_nu (pl. ce_lu) field; (Inscr.) kayya a rice-field; kaili field (Te.); ke_n id. (Nk.); field for shifting cultivation (Pa.); xajj earth, mould, clay, mud, corpse (Kur.); qaju earth, mud (Malt.)(DEDR 1958). Ricefield; mire; alluvium: kattam < karda mire, dung, sloppy mud of a cow-house (katta-t-tok-kuppai: Tiruppu. 432) (Ta.lex.) ce_r-u (in cmpds. ce_r-r-u-) mud, mire, slush, liquid of thick consistency; ceyyal mire, slush; ce_val mud, mire (Ta.); ce_r-u (in cmpds. ce_r-r-u-) mire, wet soil (for transplanting rice)(Ma.); ke.r shallow tank, puddle; ce.r mud (Ko.); ko.r- (obl. ko.t--) lake, tank formed by dam (To.); sor- mud (To.); kesar- wet soil, mud, mire; kesar-ige drain of a bathroom (Ka.); ke_du mud, soft clay; kesaru mud, mire, dirt (Tu.); xe_r open gravelly ground at the foot of a hill (Br.)(DEDR 2020). nan--cey wet lands, wet cultivation (Ta.); nanja wet land, land cultivated by artificial irrigation (Te.)(DEDR 3630). ke_da_ra field (esp. one under water)(Mn.); irrigated field (Pali); ke_a_ra, ka_a_ria_ field (Pkt.); kia_ra_ large plot in a field; kia_ri_ small plot in a field; khia_ra_ small bed in irrigated land (L.); kea_ra_, kia_ra_ , kia_ri_ bed in a field or garden (P.); kero, kya_ri_ bed of creeping plants etc., ground near a house (Ku.); keya_ri flowerbed (B.); kia_ri cultivated field (e.g. of sugarcane)(Or.); kiya_ri_ bed formed in a field for irrigation; dhan-kiya_ri_ rice-lad (Bi.); kiya_ra_ large garden-bed; kea_ri_ smaller garden-bed (Mth.); kiya_ri_ (Bhoj.); keya_ri_ (Aw.); kya_r basin made round a tree (H.); kea_ri_, kiya_ri_, kya_ri_ plot under cultivation, garden-bed, bank, hedge (H.); kya_ro, kya_rr.o plot of ground to keep water in (G.); kya_ri_, kya_rr.i_ small plot of ground to keep water in; ka_rr.o rice plot (G.)(CDIAL 3463). [Mensuration: cf. 12 keda_ra = one hala (3.4 acres); MIAI, p.48; Sylhet. 7 yas.t.i = 1 poa_; 4 poa_ = 1 keda_ra or keya_r (7/8 bigha); MIAI, p.61.] [cf. yatthi (Pali) staff = 7 ratanas or 84 angula; MIAI, p.18.] yas.t.i or dhanurdan.d.a = 96 angula; MIAI, p.18. 2 vitasti?] Paddy field: gar..de, gardde, gadde_ paddy field (Ka.)(CDIAL 2851). kardama-, karda-, kardat.a- mud (Skt.)(CDIAL 2867-70). karda mud, swamp (Skt.); cardeh blackish (Pers.); ka_da_ mud (B.); ka_da clay, mud (Or.); gatta (Pkt.); ka~_d wall (H.); ka_da_na to make muddy (B.); ka_da_r.iya_, ka_da_t.iya_, ka_da_la muddy (B.)(CDIAL 2867). kardat.a mud (skt.); ka_dr.a_, ka_dar.iya_ muddy (B.)(CDIAL 2868). kardama mud, mire (Ka_tyS'r.S.); muddy (Pa_n..); kaddama (Pali.Pkt.); kaddaya (Pkt.); ka_do (B.); ka_dua, ka_do (Or.); ka_do mud in which crops will grow (Bi.); kadwa_ ploughing to kill weeds, rice-field (Bi.); ka_dau, ka_do, kadawa_ mud, mud mortar (Mth.); ka_dau, ka_do, ka_da_ mud, clay, alluvium, bog (H.); ka_dav (G.); kadama (Si.); ka_m.dau (OAw.); ka~_daw, ka~_do (H.); ka_no (Bhoj.)(CDIAL 2869). kardamita muddy (Skt.); kaddamia muddy (Pkt.); buffalo (Pkt.); kadoi, kadai_ loamy soil never drier than mud, wet alluvium (Bi.); ka~daila_ muddy, dirty (H.)(CDIAL 2870). ged.d.a mud (Pkt.); gil dirt (Pers.); ga_d dregs, lees, scum (B.); low-lying land (Bi.); sediment, dregs (H.P.); ga_da sediment, dregs (Or.); ga_di sediment of foul water (Mth.); ga_da_ muck, sludge (M.); gadal. dirt (M.); gadla_ turbid, dirty (H.); gadlu~ dirty, dusty (G.); ga_dn.e~ to become turbid (M.)(CDIAL 4011). ga_l. dregs (Kho.M.); mud (M.); gad. mud (Tir.); ga_l.a mud on bushes over a stream, alluvium (M.); ga_r.a_ kneaded or mixed mud (H.)(CDIAL 4114). ghont.o turbid (Go.); got.ri muddy, dirty (Kui); grot.a_ turbid (Kuwi)(DEDR 2067). kat.t.a dregs (Skt.)(CDIAL 2644); kat.t.aku_t.a heap of dross (Skt.); ka_t.or.o dross left in the furnace after smelting iron ore (G.)(CDIAL 2646). Muddiness, turbidity: kalan:kal muddiness, turbidity (Ta.); kalan.n.al id. (Ma.); kalk to stir up (water so that it becomes muddy)(To.); kas.k muddy water (To.); kalaku, kalan:ku to agitate, shake, make turbid (Ka.); kalan:ku, kal.an:ku turbidity, muddiness (Tu.); kala~ka turbidness (Te.); galgro muddy, disturbed (Malt.); kalus.a turbid (of water or mind)(Skt.)(DEDR 1303). ka_ri_s.a produced from cowdung (Sus'r.); heap of dung (Skt.); ka_ri_sa a fire of cowdung (Pkt.); ka~_ri_ dunghill (A.)(CDIAL 3065). ka_r manure (M.)(CDIAL 3054). kalir.. muddy water (Ta.)(DEDR 1303). Clay; mortar: ga_ra_ clay (Or.); thick mud, plaster, mortar (H.); thin mud used for a mortar (L.); mud, mortar (Bi.); kneaded potter's clay, mud used for mortar (P.); mixture of mud with lime or cowdung for mortar or plaster (M.); ga_ro mud, mortar (Ku.); mortar (N.); ga_r earth and mud mixed for building a wall (G.)(CDIAL 4137).
1604.Image: cross-eyed: kat.akh < kat.a_ks.a a glance, a side look, an amorous glance (P.lex.) ke_dara squint-eyed (Skt.); caecus (Lat.); ke_kara squinting, cross-eyed (Mn.); ke_karaka (Ca_n..); kaira_ squinting, cross-eyed (P.); ker, kera_, ke~ra_ (A.); kaira_ (H.M.)(CDIAL 3457). Image: side-look: kat.a_t.cittal to condescend to cast a side glance, to look upon with gracious favour (Civaraka. Te_vime_ruvarai. 13); kat.a_t.ca-vi_t.can.am side glance; kat.a_t.cam the outside corner of the eye; side glance; grace (Kumare_. Cata. 67); kat.a_ks.a (Skt.) kat.ai-k-kan. benign, look; outer corner of the eye (Ta.); kad.akannu (Te.); kad.akkan. (Ma.); kad.ekan.n.u (Tu.); kat.ai-k-kan.-pa_rvai, kat.ai-k-kan.n.o_kkam significant sidelook, oblique glance; benignant look; kat.ai-k-kan.i- to cast a benignant glance at; to look favourably upon (karuventu vi_r..ak kat.ai-k-kan.ittu)(Tiruva_ca. 11,5); to look athwart; to look by the corner of the eye; to ogle (karumalark ku_nta loruttitan-n-aik kat.aik kan.ittu : Tiv. Peruma_l.. 6,3)(Ta.lex.) kat.avut.-kan.ikai dancing girl of the celestial world (Man.i. 13,95)(Ta.lex.) kat.a_ks.a side look (MBh.); kad.akkha (Pkt.); karukhi_ (H.)(CDIAL 2636). cf. aks.i eye (RV.); a~_kh eye (Ku.H.)(CDIAL 43). kat.a_t.cam the outside corner of the eye; side glance; grace (Kumare_. Cata. 67); kat.a_t.ci- to condescend to cast a side glance, to look upon with gracious favour (Civaraka. Te_vime_ruvarai. 13) (Ta.lex.) To supervise: kat.ai-k-ka_n.- to supervise (S.I.I. iii,21); ka_n. to make, create (Tol. Po. 649); to accrue, result (Ta.lex.)
1605.To drive out: gen.t.u remoteness, distance, removal; to remove oneself to a distance (Ka.); go push, turn out, drive out, expel; gen.t.incu to cause to be pushed or turned out (Te.)(DEDR 1945).
1606.Squeezed: katuvu (katuvi-) to be troubled, perturbed (Ta.); kade to join, be contiguous, meet, approach, copulate, be pressed or squeezed; kaduku to press, squeeze; kadubu to press, distress, trouble (Ka.); kadiyu to approach, meet, come together; kadiyincu to bring together (Te.); gaddi_- to reach (Kol.)(DEDR 1201). To squeeze: kacan:ku (kacan:ki-) to be squeezed, crumpled; be displeased, hurt in mind; kacakku (kacakki-) to rub, bruise between the fingers or hands, squeeze, crumple; harass, annoy; n. squeezing, bruising; kayan:ku (kayan:ki-) to be squeezed by the hand, bruised, mashed; kayakku (kayakki-) to squeeze in the hand, bruise, mash (Ta.); kasan.n.uka to be squeezed, be broken; kas'akka to crumble, squeeze in hand; kayakkuka to squeeze (Ma.); khacna_ (khaccas) to squeeze soft matter (e.g. grains) into a compact mass by pressing, trampling upon, working inside with a stick (Kur.)(DEDR 1087). Hotch-potch: kaccam.ta being pressed (Pkt.); kaca_k-kucuk crushed (of paper); kac-pac hotch-potch (N.); kaca_kac densely crowded; kac-pac hotch-potch (H.); kacarvu~ to press; kac-pac crowd of noisy little boys (G.)(CDIAL 2611). karjati oppresses, hurts (Dha_tup); kal.i_k to weep (Kho.); kajan.u to press down, cover (S.); kajan. to cover, conceal (L.); kajjn.a_ to conceal, cover (of an animal sexually)(P.)(CDIAL 2829). kacapici sound of mixing miscellaneous boiled things with the hand; confusion (Ka.); kacakaca sound produced as when kneading any glutinous substance; kacapici, kacikuci reducing anything to a jelly; confusion; kacakka sound produced by a stone falling into mud (Tu.); kacak, kacik, kacun:k sound produced when a stone falls into mud; kacakkane with the sound produced when a stone falls into mud, or the feet tread wet or sticky clay; kaccane id. (Ka.)(DEDR 1086).
1607.Street: ghat.i_, ghit.i_ street, alley (S.); ghat. path (S.)(CDIAL 4414). Passage: kat.a to pass through, traverse, cross (Ta.); kat.appu wicket or narrow passage in a wall or hedge (Ta.); kat.avu to cause to go; to ride, drive, as an animal or vehicle (Tiruva_ca. 36,4); way, path, direction (Ta.); kat.akka to pass over, enter (Ma.); kat.appu passage (Ma.); kat.avu beach, landing place, wharf; track of wild beasts (Ma.); kar.v- (kar.d-) to cross (river); (sun, moon) rises (Ko.); kar.v cattle-path through bushes, ford (Ko.); kad.akal wicket or narrow passage in walls or hedges (Ka.); kad.a- to cross (Kod..); kad.apuni to cross, ford, pass (Tu.); kad.acu, gad.ucu to pass; cross (Te.); kad.apa threshold (Te.); kad.p- to cross (Pa.); karp- to cross (Ga.); gr.a_pa to cross, cross over, ford (Kui); gra_ncali to cross over (Kuwi)(DEDR 1109). ghat. a pass through hills; ghat.e ghat. at each pass (Santali.lex.)
1608.Plantain: katalam, katali plantain-tree (Tirukka_l.at. Pu. Ta_ruka_. 15); katali-va_r..ai very small species of plantain-tree, musa paradisiaca; katalikai plantain-tree (Ci_vaka. 2212)(Ta.lex.) kadala, kadali_ the banana plant musa sapientum; kadala its fruit (MBh.Sus'r.); kadala_, kadalaka, kadalika_ (Skt.); kadali_ banana (Pali); kayala, kayali_, ke_la, ke_li_ the banana plant; kayala its fruit (Pkt.); kela fruit of the plantain (K.); kevir.o banana plant (S.); kelo anana; kyaw (Ku.); kero (N.Mth.); kal, kala_ (A.); kala_ (B.); kal.a_, kera_ (Or.); kera_ (Mth.Bhoj.Aw.); kela_, keli_ (H.); kaili (OG.); kel.i the plant; kel.u~ the fruit (G.); kel., kel.i_ the plant; kel.e~ the fruit (M.); kel.e~ (Konkan.i); kehel, kesel banana plant (Si.); ke_la_, kella_ banana (P.)(CDIAL 2712). kela_n.i_ banana orchard (Ku.); kalani (A.)(CDIAL 2713). kadali_ musa sapientum [va_r..ai plantain, musa paradisiaca (Ta.); va_r..a (Ma.); va.g, va.y van. (Ko.); pa.w (To.); ba_r..e (Ka.); ba.l.e (Kod..); ba_r, ba_l. (Tu.); va_rabus.a_ musa sapientum (Skt.)(DEDR 5373)]. kadali_ musa paradisiaca (Car. Ci. 3.258, 4.1.7). Homonym: cf. kero, kelo pandanus odoratissimus (S.)(CDIAL 2712; CDIAL 3462). cf. kaital pandanus odoratissimus fragrant screw-pine (Ta.)(DEDR 2026).
1609.Summons, invitation: ke_tana summons, invitation (Skt.Ka.); business (Ka.Skt.); ke_ta summons, invitation; place, site; ke_tana a place, a house (Ka.lex.)
1610.Banner: katali banner, flag, pennon (Kampara_. Mutar-po_r. 104)(Ta.lex.) kadali_ flag (Pali); keheliya banner (Si.)(CDIAL 2712). kandali a flag, a banner = kadali (Ka.lex.) ke_tana a flag, a banner; ke_tu id. (Ka.Skt.)(Ka.lex.) Torch, flame: ketu mark, bright appearance, clearnes, brightness, light, ray [RV. vii.63.2 maha_n keturarn.avah su_ryasya 'sarvasya praja_pakah; i.24.7 asme antarnihita_h ketavah syuh 'prajapaka_h pra_n_h'; vii.78.1 prati ketavah prathama_ adr.s'ran 'prajapaka_ ras'mayah']; torch, flame [RV iv.7.4 a_ jabhruh ketuma_yavah 'ja_pakam'; iv.14.2 u_rdhvam ketum savita_ devo as're_t 'praka_s'akam bha_num']; banner [RV i.103.1 sarmi_ pr.cyato_ dya_mas'a_yata 'praja_pakah'.]; ketumant endowed with brightness, clear (RV vii.58.3); accompanied by banner (RV vi.47.31)(Vedic. lex.: Suryakanta, A Practical Vedic Dictionary, 1981, p.258.) ked (kett-) to be heated, to (Kond.a); to become hot (Pe.); ket- (-t-) to heat (water)(Kond.a); kedi ki to heat (water)(Pe.)(DEDR 1951). Splendour, effulgence; flag: ketu [*(s)quait clear; cf. Latin caelum; Old High German heitar, heit; Gothic haidus; English -hood, originally: appearance, form, like]--1. ray, beam of light, splendour, effulgence. 2. flag, banner, sign, perhaps as token of splendour; dhamma-ketu having the doctrine as his banner; dhu_ma-ketu having smoke as its splendour, of fire; ketu-kamyata_ desire for prominence, self-advertisement (perhaps vainglory, arrogance); ketu-ma_la_ garland of rays; ketu-vant having flags, adorned with flags. (Pali.lex.) Mica: ? kentakam mica, abhrakam; kai-t-ti_vat.t.i, kai-t-ti_vartti small torch (Ta.lex.)
1655.Image: leopard: kr.a_d.i, kra_nd.i tiger, leopard, hyena (Kui); khar.yal, kariya_l panther (Go.); karad.a tiger (Pkt.); khar.eyak panther (Nk.); ked.iak tiger (Kol.); kr.ani tiger; kla_'ni leopard, tiger (Kuwi); kr.a'ni (pl. -na) tiger (Kuwi)(DEDR 1132). ko_-n.a_y < ko_l. + na_y Indian wolf; male jackal (Ta.lex.) kat.a_s'ia_ fierce like a wild cat (Or.); kha_t.a_s civet- or pole-cat (B.); civet cat (H.); kat.a_s, kat.a_r id. (H.); kat.a_s'a wild cat, civet (Or.); khat.t.a_s'a civet-cat (Skt.)(CDIAL 3780). ka_t.an tom-cat, male tiger, wild hog (Ma.); kat.uvan- tom-cat, male monkey (Ta.); kar.vn tom-cat (Ko.); kan.t.a male cat (Ka.); gad.o, gad.a-berge a wildcat (Malt.)(DEDR 1140). Image: male cat; male animal: gan.d.u male of the lower animals (Te.); kan.t.an the male esp. of cat (Ta.); gan.t.e, kan.t.e male cat (Tu.); kan.d.e male (of dogs and other animals, mostly wild; not of cats) (Kod..)(DEDR 1173); kuttiri civet cat (Tu.); kotti male or female cat (Ka.); kwat-y cat (To.); kor-r-an tomcat, boar, ram (Ta.)(DEDR 2170). kid-en contraction of kina:n a tiger, panther (Santali.lex.)
1611.Large axe: kra_d.i (? for kr.a_d.i) axe (Kui); kr.a_'li, kr.a'li large axe (Kuwi); gla'li large axe (Kuwi); kut.a_ri, ko_t.a_ri axe (Ta.); ko_t.a_li axe (Ta.Ma.); ko_t.a_l.i id. (Ma.); kod.ali id. (Ka.); kod.ari, kud.ari id. (Tu.); god.d.ali, god.d.eli, god.d.e_li, god.d.e_lu, god.ali id. (Te.); golli, goli_ (Kol.); ghol.i (Nk.); kod.li id. (Nk.); god.el id. (Go.); gor.el(i) id. (Kond.a); ku_r.el axe (large variety)(Pe.)(DEDR App.32). cf. kut.ha_ri_ axe, hatchet (Pali.lex.) Axe, hatchet: gut.ia axe (Juang); konde (Kharia); ko~reij (Kharia); konde small wood axe (Munda); hoto axe (Ho.); cekoto axe (Nahali). [cf. S. Bhattacharya, Some Munda Etymologies, 1966, p.30.]
1813.Armourer: kut.ha_ru an armourer (Skt.lex.) ku_ (pl. ku_vul) shaft of axe (Pa.); ku_d. handle (e.g. of knife)(Ga.)(DEDR 1870). Image: forge: kut.ilika_ a blacksmith's forge (Skt.lex.) Writer: ku_t.a-ka_raka a man of the writer caste (Skt.lex.) ku_t.akr.t a man of the writer caste (Skt.lex.) cf. ku_t.a a hammer, a mallet (Ka.Skt.) (Ka.lex.) kut.aka a beater (Ka.lex.) got.a to decide, to settle, to prove; bale got.a dereaka we cannot come to a decision; got.ak leka do ban. aikauk kana it does not seem as if it could be proved; gotao to begin, to start, to engage in; uni sa~oten gotao akana I am engaged along with him (Santali.lex.) Hereditary office of an accountant: kotta_l. hired labourer in agricultural operations; slave; kottu wages paid in kind as grain etc.; kottu-k-kan.akku hereditary office of accountant; account of mason's wages; kottu-k-ku_li wage for various forms of agricultural work (Ta.lex.) Measure/tax: kor-r-ilakkai (kor-r-u + ilakkai, clothing, monthly wages) an ancient tax (Inscr. Ta.lex.) -kot.t.ai : ed.uttu-k-kot.t.ai a tax of uncertain import (Ta.)(SITI.IEG.) ed.uttu-k-kot.t.i a levy (Ta.)(SII 12.IEG.) ilakkai clothing; monthly wages (I_t.u, 4,8,8, Ji_.)(Ta.lex.) Brazier: kot.t.u to hammer, beat, as a brazier (Perun.. Makata. 4,16)(Ta.); kod.apuni id. (Tu.); kot.t.u-k-kan-n-a_r braziers who work by beating plates into shape and not by casting (Ta.); kot.t.u-k-kit.a_ram large boiler of beaten brass (Ta.); kot.t.u-k-kut.avai a kettle-shaped vessel (Tinn.); kot.t.u-k-ku_t.ai a basket-shaped metal vessel (Ta.); kot.t.u-c-cempu a copper pot made by beating plates into shape; kot.t.u-p-pit.i wooden mallet (Ci_vaka. 2798); kot.t.u-mur-i a superior kind of brass (Ta.); kot.t.uva_n- mallet; brazier who works by beating plates into shape (Ta.); kot.t.uve_lai beaten work, dist. fr. va_rppu-ve_lai (Ta.); kot.t.an-, kot.t.a_n- mallet; kon.t.ai-c-cuttiyal goldsmith's or brazier's hammer (Ta.lex.) kut.t.ita bruised, pounded (Bhpr.); kut.t.iya beaten (Pkt.); kut.iyu~ a beating (G.); ket.u pounded (Si.)(CDIAL 3242). Pounding; husking: kot.t.an.am pounding or husking paddy (Ta.Ma.); kot.namu (Te.); kot.t.an.a (K.); kot.t.ana (Pali); kot.t.an.akka_ri woman who lives by rice-pounding (Ta.)(Ta.lex.) cf. goodar hoe; guddar. spade, hoe; kudar. spade, axe (Go.)(DEDR 1722). kutar_u (kutar_i-) to dig up and scatter (Ta.); kodaru to be scattered (Te.)(DEDR 1704).
1611a.Hatchet: kut.ha_ra axe (R.); kut.ha_tan:ka < Prob.Drav. (Skt.); kud.ha_ra, kuha_d.a, kuha_d.i_ (Pkt)[for t.h -- r ~~ h -- d. cf. pit.hara -- pid.hara, pihad.a pot, pan (Pkt.); pi_ri_ (Gypsy)(CDIAL 8166).]; kuha_r.o (S.); kuha_r.a_ (L.P.); kuha_r.i_ (L.P.); kurha_r.i (WPah.); kulya_r.o, kulya_r. (Ku.); kura~_l (B.); kura~_li (B.); kur.ul (B.); kur.a_la, kura_r.ha, kurha_r.i, kur.a_ri (Or.); kulha_ri_ large axe for squaring logs (Bi.); kulha_r.a_, kulha_r.i_ axe (H.); kuha_r.o, kuha_r.i_, kuva_r.i_ (G.); kurha_d., kurha_d.i_ (M.); ken.eri (Si.); Long-handled axe: ket.eri, ket.e_riya long-handled axe (Si.)(CDIAL 3244). [Bengali.Oriya forms have l for r.] kut.ha_ri_ axe, hatchet (Pali); culter knife (Latin from *(s)qer to cut, in Latin. caro etc.); purisassa hi ja_tassa kutha_ri_ ja_yate mukhe when man is born, together with him is born an axe in his mouth (to cut evil speech)(Pali.lex.) [For -a_ri cf.. a_r sharpness, pointedness (Ta..); chip, splinter (Ma.); a_ru splinter (Ma..); a_rci goad, pointed end of goad, point of lance or stick (Kur.)(DEDR 371). kot.a_ri axe (kil.aiyai-c-ca_t.um. kot.a_riyin ka_mpu po_n-r-a_y)(Pirapo_ta. 2,28)(Ta.lex.) Axe: kut.a_ri axe (kut.a_arik ko_valar : Tol. Po. 329); kut.a_ram axe, hatchet (Cu_l.a_. Ci_ya. 72)(Ta.lex.)
1783.Image: tree: kut.ha_ru, kut.hi a tree (Skt.lex.) A man who deals in wood: mara-kut.aga a man who deals in wood; a wood-pecker (Ka.lex.) cf. kur.a_ tree; kar.ek tree, oak (Pas'.); kut.a, kut.i, kut.ha, kut.hi tree (Skt.); kud.a tree (Pkt.); kut.aka a kind of tree (Kaus'.)(CDIAL 3228). maruntu-k-ku_t.t.u medicinal preparation (Ta.lex.) Carpenter: kot.t.aga carpenter (Pkt.)(CDIAL 3236). gan.d.ra tree trunk (Kuwi.); gundr.a piece (Kuwi); gan.d.rincu to cut, divide; gan.d.rikalu pieces, fragments; gan.t.i wound (Te.); kan.d.eriyuni to make a cut (Tu.); gandranga rath'nai to cut in pieces; gan.d.ra piece (Kuwi)(DEDR 1176).
1612.Troublesome: ka_d.u to treat harshly, give trouble, trouble; ka_d.ike troubling, annoying; ka_d.iga a troublesome man; ka_t.a trouble, annoyance; ka_t.aka id., a troublesome man, marauder; ga_r-u rudeness, offence (Ka.); ka.t.a trouble; rubbish (Kod..); ka_d.yuni, ga_d.iyuni, ga_d.yuni to trouble, torment; ga_d.u, ga_d.a torment, vexation; ka_t.a trouble, annoyance, danger; ka_t.ake, ka_t.ike, ka_t.ige a troublesome fellow; ka_t.a_l.e a rude man (Tu.); ka_d.u ruin; ka_t.akamu famine, scarcity, dearth (Te.)(DEDR 1440). kas.t.a bad, difficult (Mn.); dangerous (Pa_n..); bad state of affairs, fatigue (R.); kat.t.ha bad, useless; misery (Pali); troublesome, ill, trouble (Pkt.); kat.t.a id. (Pkt.); kat.h cold (K.); kat.hi_n.o to suffer from the attack of a ghost, suffer from cold, be benumbed (K.); ka_t.ho a sponger who goes from door to door to eat, term of abuse for a dog or brahman (N.); ko_t.hi_ya mariba to be spoilt, be destroyed (A.); ka_t.ha hard, thick, cruel, stiff, bewildered with fear, still (Or.); kat. pain, work (M.)[kas.t.a-k-ku_t.t.a_l.i working partner (C.G.); kas.t.am < kas.t.a difficulty, trouble (Ta.lex.)]; kat.h labour, pains (H.); ka_t.hu_ hard-hearted, miserly (G.); ka~_t.hn.e~, ka~t.hn.e~ to endure, undergo (M.); kat.ulla, kat.ol sorrow, distress (Si.)(CDIAL 2978). ka_t.aki a troublesome woman; ka_d.ike troubling, annoying; ka_d.iga a troublesome man; ka_d.i a jungle-woman; ka_t.aka trouble, annoyance; a forester or fowler; a marauder (Ka.lex.) Hard: kat.ho_ra hard, solid, stiff (BhP.); kat.ho_la, kat.hura, kat.hara hard, cruel (Skt.); kad.ho_ra hard, stiff, cruel (Pkt.); kud.uru hard, difficult (of a road or person)(K.)(CDIAL 2651). cf. kat.t.u hardness (Ta.); gat.t.i id. (Tu.)(CDIAL 2650). kad.d. be rough; kad.d.ati id. (Dha_tup.); kar.a_ rough (N.B.Or.); kar.a_, kar.r.a_ (H.)(CDIAL 2657). kat.t.u (kat.t.i-) to harden; firmness, strength (Ta.); kar.c very hard, brittle steel (Ko.); kad.ugu to become hard or solid; gat.t.i firmness, hardness, lump; gad.acu, gad.asu, gad.usu hardness, brittleness, severity (Ka.); gat.t.i, gad.usu firm, hard (Tu.Te.); gad.d.u hard, difficult (Te.); gat.t.in hard (Ga.); d.r.ahpa (d.r.aht-) to be hard, stiff, difficult, troublesome; n. hardness, stiffness, difficulty, trouble; d.rai hard, stiff, firm; d.rai inba to be hard, etc.; d.ra_na solidly (Kui); gatti hard; adv. gattining (Kuwi); kar.arna_ (kar.ryas), kad.rna_ to be paralysed with fear, to congeal, freeze (Kur.)(DEDR 1148). kat.hina hard, stiff (Sus'r.); hard, stiff, cruel (Pali); kad.hin.a, kad.hin.aga, kat.t.hin.a hard (Pkt.); kad.hi_n. difficult; khad.i_n., khad.an. vicious, difficult (of an animal)(M.)(CDIAL 2650). To harden: kat.t.u (kat.t.i-) to harden, consolidate, congeal, coagulate; firmness, strength (Ta.); ken.t.ai, ken.t.ai-k-kat.t.i enlargement of the spleen (Ta.); kat.t.i what is condenses, solid, ingot (Ma.); kat.y solid lump (Ko.); gen.d. round lump or ball (food, butter), growth in the abdomen (Ko.); gen.d.-payn. frost on grass, ice on top of water (Ko.); gat.t.i firmness, hardness, lump (Ka.); gad.d.e, gan.t.e a mass, lump, concretion; island (Ka.); gat.t.e, get.t.i, get.t.e a lump, clod (Tu.); gad.d.a lump, mass, clod, clot; island (Te.)[cf.ere black soil (Ka.); re_-gad.a, re_-gad.i clay (Te.)(DEDR 819).]; ked.k hard (Kol.)(DEDR 1148). Hard, stiff: kat.hina hard, stiff (Sus'r.)[< Drav. kat.t.u hardness (Ta.); gat.t.i (Te.)]; hard, stiff, cruel (Pali); kad.hin.a, kad.hin.aga, kat.t.hin.a hard (Pkt.); kad.hi_n. difficult (M.)(CDIAL 2650). kud.uru hard, difficult (of a road or person)(K.); kad.ho_ra hard, stiff, cruel (Pkt.)(CDIAL 2651). kar.a_ rough (N.B.Or.H.); kar.r.a_ id. (H.)(CDIAL 2657). kat.hara, kat.hura, kat.hora hard (Skt.)(CDIAL 2651). kad.d. to be hard, severe (Skt.)(CDIAL 2657).
1613.Cadamba: kat.ampu, kat.ampam common cadamba, anthocephalus cadamba (Ta.); kat.ampu nauclea cadamba; eugenia racemosa (Ma.); kod.b sp. tree (To.); kad.amba, kad.ava, kad.aval, kad.avu, kad.aha, kad.avod.a n. cadmaba (Ka.); kad.a_mi-cet.t.u, kad.imi, (Inscr.) kad.amu id. (Te.); kan.apa ma_re id. (Ga.)(DEDR 1116). kadamba the tree nauclea cadamba (MBh.); kadambaka, kadambada, kalamba, kalambaka (Skt.); kadamba, kalambaka (Pali); kalam.ba, kayam.ba (Pkt.); kayam.bua the flower (Pkt.); kaima a partic. wild flowering tree (not n. cadamba)(Or.); kaima_ n. cadamba (H.); kem (Ma_lvi_); kal.a~b (M.); kohomba the tree azadirachta indica (Si.); kal.a~be~ mushroom (M.); cf. bhu_mi-kadamba perh. mushroom (M.)(CDIAL 2710). kadamba anthocephalus cadamba (Car. 4.20, 47, 27.114). Anthocephalus indicus = anthocephalus cadamba: kadamba (Skt.M.H.); kadam (B.); vellai-cadamba (Ta.); kadambamu (Te.); bark: tonic, ferbifuge, astringent; decoction of leaves: used as gargle in cases of aphthae and stomatitis; habitat: sub-Himalayan tract from Nepal eastwards to Burma, and in the south in N. Circars and W. Ghats (GIMP, p.20). cf. maravam, maravu, mara_, mara_m common cadamba, anthocephalus cadamba (Ta.)(DEDR 4713). Adina cordifolia: dharakadamba (Skt.); haldu (H.); keli kadam (B.); manja kadamba (Ta.Ma.); pasupu-kadamba (Te.); bark: febrifuge; juice: used to kill worms in sores; yellow pigment adinin; habitat: from the Himalayas to Central and S. India, especially common in E. Ghats, Mysore and parts of Konkan (GIMP, p.7). karam dare adina cordifolia (Santali.lex.)
1614.Aquatic grass: kad.ambi_ the potherb convolvulus repens (Skt.); kad.amba (Car.); kalam.bu, kalam.bua_ a kind of creeper (Pkt.); kalamba, kalambuka_ a potherb, prob. convolvulus repens (Pali); kalam.buga_ a kind of water plant (Pkt.); kalmau c. repens (A.); kalmi a rapidly growing aquatic creeper c. repens (B.); kar.ambi_ an edible aquatic creeper (Or.); kal.ama id., ipomoea aquatica (Or.); kalmi_ c. repens (H.); karemu~ an aquatic grass used as an antidote to opium (H.)(CDIAL 2654). at.ampu, at.appan.-kot.i, at.umpu hare-leaf, ipomoea biloba (Ta.); at.ampu, at.umpu convolvulus pes caprae (Ma.); ad.umbu-bal.l.i a creeping plant, i. biloba (Ka.); ad.umbu the creeper i. maritima (Tu.)(DEDR 65).