2863.Chess; king: s'aha_ a king (Ka.M.H.); in chess-playing: check (Ka.); s'aha (M.H.)(Ka.lex.)

2864.Deity: cakka-va_lar < cakrava_la devas residing in Mt. cakkarava_l.a (Me_ruman. 574)(Ta.)(Ta.lex.) saggiga a deity; sura, nirjara; saggigador-e; saggigarad.abal.a fire; saggigara piraya Brahma_; saggigarer-eya Indra; saggigavat.t.i the sky; saggigavet.t.u the mountain Me_ru (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) sagga (Tadbhava of sarga; svarga) amaralo_ka; the heaven of Indra, the abode of the deities and of beatified mortals (supposed to be situated on the mountain Me_ru; na_ka); saggadamara = surataru (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) Sagacious: s'aha_n.e, s'a_n.a sagacious, knowing, clever (Ka.); s'ahan.a_ (M.H.); s'a_n.a a sagacious, knowing, clever man; s'a_n.e f. (Ka.lex.) jakka (Tadbhava of yaks.a); jakkan.a_ca_ri name of an architect; jakkan.a_ca_rya name of a S'aiva devotee (Ka.); jakkin.i, jakan.i (Tadbhava of yaks.in.i) a woman who dies in the matron state, not as a widow, and receives divine honours, e.g. si_re_s are dedicated to her etc. (Ka.); jakkini (Te.)(Ka.lex.) cakka-te_vi < yaks.a + (Kur-r-a_. Kur-a. 71); cakkamma_ a demoness (Ta.); jakkamma (Te.)(Ta.lex.) ca_kin-i < s'a_kini_ an evil spirit (Can.. Aka.)(Ta.)(Ta.lex.) s'an:khini_ a woman of one of the four classes into which writers on erotic science divide women: s'an:khini_, citrin.i_, hastini_ and padmini_ (Skt.lex.) can:kin-i the third of the four classes into which women are classifed in Ka_ma-s'a_stra (Kokko_. 1,1014)(Ta.lex.) Indra: s'akra mighty (esp. of Indra)(RV.); Indra (MBh.); sakka Indra (Pali.Pkt.); sak (Si.)(CDIAL 12255). s'akra-kri_d.a_cala Indra's pleasure-mountain; the mountain me_ru (Ka.lex.) cakan- < jagat Lord of the Universe (Ci. Po_. 8,2); can:karan- < S'an.-kara dispenser of happiness (Cilap. 10, 186, Urai); S'iva (Te_va_. 725, 6); a Rudra, one of e_ka_taca-ruttirar (Tiva_.); cakal.am < sa-kala the aspect of S'iva as having form, represented by the images (Tiruvunti. 1); cakal.an-S'iva, as with form (Ci. Ci. 1,65, Ja_nap.); cakal.ata_n-am perh. sa-kala_ + a_-sana a yo_gic posture in which a person sits cross-legged over his left hand; cakal.a-nit.kal.am the aspect of S'iva as being with and without form, represented by the Lin:ga (Ci. Po_. Pa_. 8,1,359); cakal.a-t-tirume_n-i the body or form assumed by S'iva (Ta.lex.) sagho strong (S.); s'akra strong; s'akno_ti (RV.)(CDIAL 13081). sah strong (RV.); -saha in cmpd. 'enduring' (Pali); saha- strong (Pkt.)(CDIAL 13298). shate_ conquers (RV.); bears, suffers (AV.); shati is powerful (RV.); is able (MBh.); sahati conquers, endures (Pali); sahadi (Dhp.); sahidavya (NiDoc.); sahai endures (Pkt.); sahun to bear patiently (K.); sahan.u to bear, put up with; sun. (L.); sahin.a_, saihna_ (P.); sahan.o, sa_n.o, saun.o (Ku.); sahanu (N.); xa(h)iba (A.); saha_, saoya_ (B.); sahiba_ to bear, experience, wait, forgive (Or.); sahab to be able to bear (Mth.); sahai bears (OAw.); sahna_ (pres. part. sahta_ bearable, luke-warm)(H.); sahai (OMarw.); sahai (OG.); sahvu~, sahevu~, sevu~ (G.); sa_hn.e~ (M.)(CDIAL 13304). sahana endurance, patience (Ma_rkP.); sahan.a endurance (Pkt.); sahan.i_, sahin.i_ (S.); s'o~_r.~ forbearance (Ku.); sahan endurance (N.B.H.); xahan (A.); sahan.a, sahn.a_, sahn.i forbearance (Or.); sahana_ what must be endured (Mth.); sen.i_ (G.)(CDIAL 13305). shas strength (RV.); saha plenty, help (N.); sahasa_ forcibly (Pali); sah strength, ability (H.)(CDIAL 13306). Indra: s'akra mighty (esp. of Indra)(RV.); Indra (MBh.); sakka Indra (Pali.Pkt.); sak (Si.); s'ak be strong, able (Skt.)(CDIAL 12255). Bold: shas strength (RV.); sahasa_ forcibly (Pali); saha plenty, help (N.); sah strength, ability (H.)(CDIAL 13306). cf. sahaka_ra assistance (Skt.); sahiya_ru~ held in partnership; partnership (G.)(CDIAL 13299). sa_hasa boldness (MBh.); aggression (Gaut.); violent; boldness, violence (Pali); boldness (Pkt.); sa_has boldness (K.Mth.); violnece (H.); enterprise, adventure, violence (G.); courage, encouragement, help (N.); xa_h courage (A.); sa_hasa, sa_a_sa (Or.)(CDIAL 13378). sa_hasik bold, impetuous, violent (MBh.); sa_hasika bold (Pali); sa_hasi, sa_hasia bold (Pkt.); sa_hasⁱ (K.); sa_hasi (N.); sa_hasia_ boaster, liar (Or.); sa_hasi_ bold, violent (H.)(CDIAL 13379). Tolerable: sa_hya in cmpd. 'conquering' (RV.); help, fellowship (MBh.); shya tolerable, equal to, strong; help (MBh.); sajjha capable of bearing; help (Pkt.)(CDIAL 13383). Able; possible: ca.g (ca.gy) to be possible; ca.km sufficiency; ca.ko. it is enough; ca.ky enough (Ko.); so.k enough (To.); sa_ku he, she, or it is, they are sufficient or enough; sufficiency; sufficient, enough (Ka.); to suffice (Tu.)(DEDR 2470). s'akita pp. is able (MBh.); subj. s'akat, opt. s'ake_ma (RV.); haya, he to be able (Si.)(CDIAL 12237). s'akta competent, able (Mn.); sattha able (Pali); satta (Pkt.); s'ato, s'atu_k strong, powerful (of man, horse, chair)(Sh.); sato strong, powerful (S.)(CDIAL 12249). s'akti power (RV.); satti ability, power (Pali.Pkt.); s'at, s'att strength, violence (Sh.); sat power, courage (L.); s'atilu strong (Sh.); sati_l, sati_la_ (H.)(CDIAL 12250). s'akno_ti is able (RV.); sakko_ti, sakkati is able (Pali); sakke_i, sakkai (Pkt.); s'ak- (D..); hekun (K.); sakkn.a_, sakna_ (P.); s'ak (WPah.); sakhan.u (Garh.); sakn.o to be able, endure, bear, lift (Ku.); saknu to be able (N.); sakab (Mth.); sakai (OAw.); sakna_ (H.); sakai (OG.); s'akvu~ (G.); sakn.e~ (M.); s'akis.yati fut. (NiDoc.); sakkun.e_mu 1 pl. opt. (Pali); sakkan.o_i, sakkun.adi (Pkt.); saknauar causes to be able, helps; s'asti, sasti is able (Gypsy)(CDIAL 12252). s'akya possible (MBh.); sakka possible (Pali); s'aka, saka, sakiya (As'.); s'akya (NiDoc.); sakka, sakkia (Pkt.); sak-ho_cer is able (Gypsy); saki, haki possible, capable, clever (Si.)(CDIAL 12253). saha strong (RV.); -saha in cmpd. 'enduring' (Pali); saha- strong (Pkt.)(CDIAL 13298). sahata_ power of endurance (Skt.); seh, se power of endurance, practice, habit (G.)(CDIAL 13303). sahate_ conquers (RV.); bears, suffers (AV.); sahati is powerful (RV.); is able (MBh.); sahati conquers, endures (Pali); sahadi (Dhp.); sahidavya (NiDoc.); sahai endures (Pkt.); sahun to bear patiently (K.); sahan.u to endure; pres. part. sahando endurable (S.); sahan. to bear, put up with (L.); saun. (L.); sahin.a_, saihna_ (P.); sahan.o, sa_n.o, saun.o (Ku.); sahanu (N.); xa(h)iba (A.); saha_, saoya_ (B.); sahiba_ to bear, experience, wait, forgive (Or.); sahab to be able to bear (Mth.); sahai bears (OAw.); sahna_ (H.); pres. part. sahta_ bearable, luke-warm (H.); sahai (OMarw.); sahai (OG.); sahvu~, sahevu~, sevu~ (G.); sa_hn.e~ (M.)(CDIAL 13304). sahana endurance, patience (Ma_rkP.); sahan.a endurance (Pkt.); sahan.i_, sahin.i_ (S.); s'o~_r.~ forbearance (Ku.); sahan endurance (N.); xahan (A.); sahan (B.); sahan.a, sahan.a_, sahan.i forbearance (Or.); sahana_ what must be endured (Mth.); sahan endurance (H.); sen.i_ (G.)(CDIAL 13305). sahas strength (RV.); sahasa_ forcibly (Pali); saha plenty, help (N.); sah strength, ability (H.)(CDIAL 13306). sahuri strong (RV.); sahu- strong, capable (Pkt.); sahu_ able to endure much, patient (S.L.)(CDIAL 13311). To be able: cak be satisfied (Skt.); cakati is satisfied (Dha_tup.); cak(i)ye possible (As'.); cayai can; caia possible (Pkt.); 3 sg. opt. cakkiya_ (Pkt.); ca_yam.ta enabling; ca_iya made able (Pkt.)(CDIAL 4535). taku (takuv-, takk-takunt-) to be fit, appropriate, be obtained (Ta.); takavu ability, fitness (Ta.); takka fit (Ma.); tagina proper, becoming, fit (Te.)(DEDR 3005). To get ready: takl preparation of half the village lands for sowing while the other half is under crops (Ko.); taku to get ready (Ta.)(DEDR 3005). Image: headman: takk chief man, headman of village, man who superintends property and ceremonies of a god (Kod..); takka (pl.) chief family (Kod..); takka_r worthy, virtuous people, the noble, impartial, upright persons; tak-appan- father (Ta.); tak-appan father (Ma.); takl preparation of half the village lands for sowing while the other half is under crops (Ko.); takka a good man, friend; takku greatness, exalted position (Ka.)(DEDR 3005). cf. sagho strong (S.)(CDIAL 13081). diku a hindu landlord; hindu raiyats are also called hur.in dikuko; but, hur.in diku when denoting a single man always means the younger brother of a landlord (Mu.); diha_n headman of a village (Persian.Arabic.Sadani); diku-n to make oneself the landlord of a village; di-p-iku to speak Hindi or Sadani with each other; diku-u to become the landlord of a village; di-n-iku the extent of speaking Hindi or Sadani (Mu.); digua_r lowest official in the Indian police (Mu.); digwa_r a guard (Skt.)(Encyclopaedia Mundarica, p.1062).

2865.Image: sun: sahari the sun; sahuri sun; san:kila a fire-brand, burning torch; san:ka_ra the crackling of flames (Skt.lex.) jhas.a sun-heat (Skt.); zah heat, summer (A.); jhas.ati, jas.ati hurts (Dha_tup.)(CDIAL 5359). cahak brightness (N.); cahakilo brilliant, smart (N.); cahakna_ to burn (H.)(CDIAL 4731). ks.a_ti burning (RV.); jha_ya burnt to ashes (Pkt.)(CDIAL 5364). jha_yati burns (Pali); jha_van.a, jha_van.a_ burning (Pkt.); jha_payitaviye ger. to be burnt (As'.)(CDIAL 5371). jha_na conflagration (Pali); jha_n.i_ cremation ground (L.)(CDIAL 5365). jha_mala dimsighted (Pkt.); jha~_viro id. (S.); ha_u_l.a_ a disease of the eyes (Or.)(CDIAL 5370). jha~_i~_ dimness of sight (S.); jha_i~_ shadow (CDIAL 5367). cf. cha_ya_ shadow (Skt.lex.) Solar race: sagara name of a king of the solar race (whose sacrificial horse was stolen by Indra and carried down to the Pa_ta_la); s'aka name of a king (esp. applied to S'a_liva_na); an epoch, era (the term is esp. applied to the era of S'a_liva_hana which commences 78 years after the Christian era); s'aka_ pl. name of a country; name of a particular tribe or race of people (mentioned along with pun.d.rakas etc.); s'aka name of a tribe inhabiting the countries on the north-western frontier of India, the sacae of the classical writers, and generally identified with the scythians; s'aka_ri epithets of king Vikrama_ditya, who is said to have exterminated the s'akas; s'aka-kartr. the founder of an era (Skt.lex.) ce_kkir..a_r a family name among ve_l.a_l.as in ton.t.aiman.t.alam (Ta.Inscr.); ce_kun.am a country; ce_kun.ar people of ce_kun.am (Kalin.. 318)(Ta.lex.) sagara name of a king of Ayo_dhya_ (Ka.lex.) cf. ar-uvar, a_rvaru six persons : haris'andra, nal.a, purutsava (?pururutsa), puru_rava, sagara, ka_rtivi_rya (Ka.lex.) sa_gara the ocean (the bed of the ocean was dug by the sons of Sagara); a kind of computation of time (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) A tribe: s'a_ke_ndra a year of the king of the S'akas (Skt. inscr.); s'a_ka S'aka era, any era (Skt.); sakara_ja year of various Burmese eras (Pali); havajara year (OSi.Bra_hmi_ inscr.); havurud (OSi.); avurudda, aviridda (Si.); s'aka a white-skinned tribe (AVPari_s'.)(CDIAL 12373). s'aka are located in the south-west of India (Agni-pura_n.a. LV.16); just as Sindhu-Sauvi_ra are located in the south-west in Br.hatsam.hita_. cakaran- a chief famed for liberality, one of seven mutal-val.l.alkal.; cakarai-y-a_n.t.u < s'a_ka+ S'a_liva_hana era commencing from 78 A.D. (Pin..)(Ta.lex.)

2866. Image: one who lifts weights: can:goli a day-labourer (Ka.); ca_kara a servant; ca_kari serice; employment (Ka.Te.M.H.)(Ka.lex.) jagati a person who earns a livelihood by carrying weights (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) Cart; s'akat.a cart (R. S'a_n:khS'r.); s'akat.i_ (RV.); s'akat.ika adj. (Pa_n..gan.a); s'akat.ika_ small cart (Skt.); sakat.a cart, waggon, cartload (Pali); ya_l.a cart (Si.); hagor^u cart (K.); sagr.a_ bullock-cart (B.); sagar.a (Or.); saggar.ia_ driver of a cart (Or.); sa_gar., saggar.a_ smaller cart (Bi.); sagar. (Mth.); saggar., sagar. cart; sagr.i_ small cart (H.); chakir.o cart (S.); chakr.a_, chikr.a_ large two-wheeled bullock-cart (P.); chakr.a_, s'akr.a_ cart (B.); chakar.a_ large cart (Bi.); chakkar., chakr.i_ (Mth.); chakr.a hackney carriage (Or.); chakr.a_ two-wheeled bullock-cart (H.); chakr.u~, chakr.o cart (G.); sa_kd.a_ the box of a load-cart (M.)(CDIAL 12236). Wheel; cart: ca_ka_t.u < s'akat.a cart, carriage (Kur-al., 476); cart wheel ( accut.ai-c ca_ka_t. t.a_ram: Pur-ana_. 256); cakat.a-k-ka_l cart-wheel, carriage-wheel (Na_lat.i. 2); cakat.a-p-por-i a machine in the shape of a wheel, used as a weapon of defence (Cilap. 15,216, Urai.); cakat.am cart, wheeled conveyance drawn by cattle, carriage, chariot (Ci_vaka. 363); car (Kantapu. Ka_ppu. 1); wheel; cakat.u cart (Periyapu. Tiruna_. 6); id. (Ma.); cakat.ai id. (Pur-ana_. 60, 8, Urai.)(Ta.) (Ta.lex.) cakad.a_, cakkad.i, cakkad.a_ (Tadbhava of s'akat.a) a cart; a travelling cart (Ka.); chakad.a_ (M.); cekad.a_ (Te.); cakat.am, cakat.u (Ta.); cagad.u, ca_d.u (Ma.)(Ka.lex.) cf. tagori the potter's wheel (Tu.); tikiri circle, circular form, wheel, potter's wheel, the discus weapon, chariot, car (Ta.); tayrgan. potter's wheel (Ko.); tiguri, tigari, tiguru a wheel, esp. a potter's wheel (Ka.)(DEDR 3201). A solid cart wheel; cart with solid wheels: sagar. a cart with solid wheels; to cart; sagar. gad.i a cart with 2-spoked wheels; sagar. jhagar. driving a cart; sagar.ia a carter; sagar. cak a cart wheel; sagar solid cart wheel (Santali.lex.) sagar.i, sagir.i, sagr.i a rudimentary cart, called sometimes a block-wheeled cart because its two wheels (ca_ka) are spokeless and made of three blocks of wood (cf. Pl.XV,(1)(Mu.); sagar. (Sadani. Oraon); ... used to transport bales, sheaves of reaped paddy, straw, firewood and timber (Mu.lex.) sakat.a cart; cakkamagga cart-rut (Pali)(Pali.lex.) Image: tire of a wheel: kat.t.u tire of a wheel (C.G.); surrounding; encirclement (Tirukko_. 313)(Ta.lex.); band (Ka.)(DEDR 1147). araghat.t.a wheel for raising water)(CDIAL 4451).

2867.Convolvulus scammonia: (Ancient Egyptian snwtt; Coptic ckamoynia) "This convolvulus is a twining shrub growing to 4 or 5 m, with large ochre-yellow funnel-shaped flowers and cordeate leaves... The Copts used it as a purgative and as an ingredient in an ointment... Theophrastus says that the gum of the plant occurs in its root..." (Lise Manniche, An Ancient Egyptian Herbal, p.93). Convolvulus scammonia: sak munia (H.); resin from rhizomes: hydragogue cathartic, administered in dropsy and anascara; roots contain about 8% resin; habitat: a native of the Mediterranean region; said to be grown to a limited extent in India. (GIMP, p.76).

2868.Young of an animal: s'a_baka, s'a_vaka the young of any animal (Skt.Ka.)(Ka.lex.) ca_pam the young of an animal (Pa_rata. Campava. 40)(Ta.lex.)

2869.Image: fish: s'an:ku the skate fish (Ka.Skt.)(Ka.lex.) s'an:kuci, s'an:ko_ca a skate-fish (Skt.lex.) cf. han:gor hako, hon:gor hako shark (sword-fish)(Santali.lex.)

2870.Image: scissors: s'an:kula_ a pair of scissors; a kind of knife or lancet; s'an:kula_-khan.d.a a piece cut off with a pair of scissors (Skt.lex.)

2871.Shell-worker: s'an:khaka_ra, s'an:khaka_raka shell-worker (Skt.); sa~_k(h)a_ri maker of conch-shell bracelets (B.); san:kha_ri shell-worker (Or.)(CDIAL 12265). san:kha,sankha a wrist ornament made of shell worn by women (Santali.lex.) Image: conch: s'an:kha conch-shell (AV.); s'an:khaka (MBh.); san:kha conch, mother-of-pearl (Pali); sam.kha conch (Pkt.); sam.khiya_ small conch (Pkt.); san:ghi_ a kind of bracelet (S.); sa~_kh conch-shell (B.); sa~_kha_, sa~_ka_, se~kha_ conch bracelet (B.); san:kha_ (Or.); sa_m.kha conch-shell (OAw.); san:kh (H.); sak-a, hak-a (Si.); san:khu conch (S.); sa~_kh, sa~_k (Ku.)(CDIAL 12263). s'a_n:khini_, s'an:khini_ mother-of-pearl (Skt.)(CDIAL 12380). ha_ngi snail (K.); sa~_khi possessing or made of shells (B.); ho~gi pearl oyster shell, shell of any aquatic mollusc (K.); ha_ngi snail (K.)(CDIAL 12380). can:ku chank, conch, large convolute shell, turbinella pyrum, of four kinds: it.am-puri, valam-puri, calacalam, pa_cacan-n-iyam (Tiv. Periyati. 1,8,1); s'an:khutiri cork-screw; can:ku-p-par-aiyar a pariah sub-caste whose men act as conch-blowers at funerals; can:ku-val.ai shell-bracelets (Net.unal. 36, Urai); can:ku_ti convener of a village committee for settling disputes (G.Sm.D. I,i,181); conch-blower (Ta.lex.) Wristlet: sakom a wristlet; san:kha a wristlet of shell (Santali.lex.) Image: bracelet: an:katam bracelet worn on the upper arm (Tiruvil.ai. Ma_n.ik. 12)(Ta.); an:katam id. (Ma.); an:kata (Ka.Skt.); an:gadamu (Te.)(T.E.D.) Image: conch: sak, sak ghon:gha, sak rokoc a conch (Santali.lex.) sa~k gon:gha, sa~k rokoc conch shell (Santali.lex.)

2872.Image: lathe: s'an:khin a worker in shells (Skt.lex.) cf. can:ku-tiruki machine for sawing and cutting shells (W.)(Ta.); corkscrew (Ta.); s'an:khutiri (Ma.); can:ku-ttiri spiral winding in shells (Ta.); s'ankhitiri id. (Ma.); can:kuccuri screw, as being spiral (J.); can:kiri (Ma.); can:ku-c-cala_pam chank fishery (Ta.); can:ku shell bracelet (Te_va_. 89,1); can:ku < s'an:kha chank, conch, large convolute shell, turbinella pyrum, of four kinds, viz., it.am-puri, valam-puri, calacalam, pa_ca-can-n-iyam (Tiv. Periyati. 1,8,1)(Ta.); can:ku id. (Ma.); can:ku-t-ta_li ta_li with beads in imitation of chanks, one on either side; ta_li made of shell, worn by women (Parav.)(Ta.); can:ku-t-ta_li-vel.l.a_l.ar a class of ve_l.a_l.as whose women wear can:ku-t-ta_li (W.)(Ta.lex.) Image: bracelet: can:kam bracelet (Ir-ai. 39, Urai, 260)(Ta.lex.) s'an:khi having a conch; possessing shells; Vis.n.u; a shell-blower; a worker in shells; the ocean (Ka.lex.) tirugu, tiragu to go round; tiruguvike turning; tiruguha returning, restitution, compensation, discharge of a debt or obligation; tirupu that turns : a screw; an ornamental gold or silver screw; tirupu, tiravu, tiripu, tirivu, tirihu, tirumbu, tiruhu to cause to go round or move about, to turn etc, to whirl round; tiru, tibbu, tiri turning; tirumuru turnings and windings: reverse order; crookedness; tirigu, tiragu to go round; to turn; to turn round; to turn or go back; tiri to turn round; turning; a turn, a twist (Ka.Ta.Ma.Te.); tiri murivu turnings and windings; tiragan.i, tiragan.e, tirugan.i, tirugan.e, tirugun.i turning; that which turns: a wheel for raising water, a windlass, a roller; nemi, trike; an (ornamental) screw, in o_li-tiragan.i; tirugan.i-mad.uvu a whirlpool (Ka.) (Ka.lex.) Image: bend of a road: tiravu, tiruvu the turn or bend of a road (Ka.lex.)

2873.Image: front of neck: can:ku-kat.aital rattling in the throat as of dying persons (Ta.); can:ku-karayuka (Ma.)(Ta.lex.) s'an:khin suffering from whooping cough (A_pGr.S. xviii.3)(Vedic.lex.) san:ggh the front part of the neck, the gullet, the throat (Punjabi.lex.) can:ku throat (Ta.Ma.); can:ku-kat.aital rattling in the throat, as of dying persons (Ta.); can:ku karayuka id. (Ma.); hak neck (Pe.); hak-nar.a throat (Pe.)(DEDR 2282). s'an:kha temporal bone or frontal bone (Ya_j.); part of an elephant's head between the tusks (Skt.); sam.kha temporal bone (Pkt.); sen:kh ear (Gypsy); s'en. throat (Bshk.); s'a_n:g (Tor.); s'an:gi_rut. inside of throat (Phal.); sa~gh throat (L.); sa~ghr.i_ enlarged uvula (L.); sagh throat (L.); san:gh, san:gha_ throat, front part of neck, gullet (P.); s'a~_gi_ throat (WPah.)(CDIAL 12264). s.ak back of neck (Dm.); s.a_k (Phal.); s.ak, s.akh collar-bone (Sh.)(CDIAL 13576). hangun^u the temple, curl of hair on the temple (K.); honga, hongun^u chin (K.)(CDIAL 12266). Shin: su_rur.i, su_ror.i the shin (Kui); hu_sana_n.i, hu_salari, hu_san.a_r.i shin-bone; su_sna_d.i shin (Kuwi)(DEDR 2731). susik^yem my shin-bone (Shum.)(CDIAL 12647). Image: nape of the neck, mane: cuval nape of the neck, upper part of the neck, back, mane (Ta.); cugh nape of the neck (Br.); cug (Bal.)(DEDR 2696). se_rki the back of the neck (Kui); he_rki, herki neck; herki shoulder (Kuwi)(DEDR 2817). cf. sr.kvan corner of mouth (RV.); srakva corner of mouth, jaws (RV.)(CDIAL 13576). cf. car (obl. carr-, pl. cartil) neck (Pa.)(DEDR 2419).

2874.Image: a vessel: s'an:kari a kind of vessel; saraka, da_re-gin.d.al (Ka.lex.) Image; potsherd: sakkhara_ potsherd (Pali); sakara, sakuru, hakura, akura potsherd (Si.)(CDIAL 12337). sagged.e a cup, glass = cembu (Te.)(Ka.lex.) cikaram < cirakam dish, shallow brass plate; vat.t.il (Pin..); cirakam water-pot, ewer; karakam (Kalit. 51)(Ta.)(Ta.lex.) A measure of capacity: sagad.a, sayad.a, saad.ha, sagad.i_, sagad.iya_ (Pkt.); hakat.a, hakad.a, yahad.a a measure of capacity (OSi. Bra_hmi_)(CDIAL 12236). Image: pot: s'a_kha a measure of capacity, kol.aga (Ka.lex.) Image: cord round the neck of a vessel: cf. s'ikyam, sikyam a burden or load carried in a sling; the strings of a balance; s'ic the string of a yoke (for carrying burdens) (Skt.lex.) s'ika_l.i_, s'ika_ri_ cord round the neck of a vessel; s'ika_rn.e~, s'ika_l.n.e~ to attach by a sling (M.); chiko, chi~ko net to hang up vessels in (Ku.); chika_ = sika_ (B.); si_ko string net for carrying vessels in (Ku.); siko rope-sling (N.); sikkaya, sikkia_ rope or net for hanging things on or in (Pkt.); s'ikkhur^u hanging rope or net (K.); si_ku~ hanging net (G.); sika_ hanging net, string loop at each end of carrying-pole (B.Or.); si_k, si_ka_, si~_ka_ net for hanging up pots in the house (Bi.); si_k (Mth.)(CDIAL 12427). sikahar net for hanging up pots etc. in a house (Bi.Mth.)(CDIAL 12428). Image: water-pot: cikaram, cirakam, karaka water-pot, dish, shallow brass plate; vat.t.il = karakam (Ta.lex.) For semant. 'handle' cf. kehel d.ed.d.i grewia tiliaefolia (dha_man tree)(Kui); keheli sp. tree, the wood of which is used for handles of weapons and tools (Kui)(DEDR 1907).

2875.Bride-price: cf. s'an:kara causing prosperity; s'am.-yu bringing welfare, benevolent, beneficent (RV. i.43.4) (Vedic.lex.) s'an:ga bestowing weal (TS. iv.5.8.1); s'an:gaya blessing the homestead (RV. ii.1.6; TBr. iii.5.10); s'an:gayi_ (RV. ix.97.17); s'an:gavi_ blessing and cattle (or bringing weal to the cattle)(S'Br. i.7.2.5) (Vedic. lex.) sun:kiga = culkiga a collector of customs, a custom-house officer, a publican; cf. sun:ka = s'ulka price; purchase-price of a woman (money, valour, learning etc.); the property settled on a woman before marriage; a dower; money advanced to ratify a bargain (Ka.lex.) cf. sulige plundering, robbery, pillage, booty; sugi, ugi; suli to plunder, to rob (Ka.lex.)

2876.Images: arrow: ca_n:ku (perh. s'an:ku) a kind of dart, arrow (Ta.lex.) s'an:ku spike, peg, nail (RV. i.164.8)(Vedic.lex.) s'o_ka-s'an:ku the dart of grief, i.e. sharp or poignant grief; s'an:ku the sharp head or point of an arrow, barb (Skt.lex.) s'an:ku a pin, peg, a spike; a stake, a post, a pillar; a dart, a javelin; the trunk of a topped tree; wood, dry wood; s'an:ku-stha_pane the erection of the first post of a house and its worship (Ka.lex.) s'akra-ma_tr.ka_ a wooden post for supporting Indra's banner (Skt.lex.) Image: gnomon; perpendicular column: cf. can:ku gnomon or perpendicular column for measuring the altitude of the sun by the length of its shadow (W.)(Ta.lex.) s'an:ku the style or pin of a dial; a surveyor's compass (Ka.lex.)

2877.Image: vein-like growth in a leaf: s'an:ku the vein-like growth in a leaf (RV. i.164.8) (Vedic. lex.) sakat, sakti vein (Kon.lex.) s'an:ku the fibres of a leaf (Skt.lex.)

2878.Image: twelve fingers: s'an:ku a measure of twelve fingers; a measuring rod (Skt.lex.)

2879.Image: goose: s'an:ku an aquatic animal, particularly, a goose (Skt.lex.)

2880.Perfume: s'an:ku a kind of perfume (nakhi_); the sa_la tree; s'an:kha a kind of perfume (nakhi_); one of the nine treasures of Kubera (Skt.lex.)

2881.Trade, merchandise: saoda trade, traffic, marketing, wares, merchandise, goods; to trade, to traffic, to buy, to purchase goods; cedakem polomlaka? ad.i okocin saodae tahe~kana why did you delay? I was buying many things; saoda ban. akrin akantalea our wares are not sold (Santali.lex.)

2882.Cultivation: sa_gol.i, sa_gval.i, sa_guval.i farming, tillage, cultivation of land (Tu.); sa_gu, ca_gu cultivation, tillage; sa_gubad.i cultivation, tillage (Te.)[cf. ca~_xna_ to sow, scatter seed (Kur.); cge to divide, scatter, sow (Malt.)(DEDR 2431)]; sa_gu, sa_ga cultivation, tillage, advance, improvement (Ka.); sa_gaval.i, sa_guval.i cultivation; sa_gisu to cultivate, foster (Ka.)(DEDR 2430). cf. sa~_ku to rear, foster (Te.); ca.k to support, rear (Ko.); sa_ku to bring up, foster (Ka.); sa_n:kuni to foster, nourish, shelter (Tu.)(DEDR 2427). cf. ca~_xna_ to sow, scatter seed (Kur.); cage to divide, scatter, sow (Malt.)(DEDR 2431). sakala with parts, divided (MaitrUp.)(CDIAL 13066). Annual rent-roll of land: ca_kupat.i-muccalikka_ an annual rent-roll in which the extent of land held by each individual ryot is recorded and his signature taken (R.T.); agreement containing the terms of cultivation executed by a tenant in favour of his land-lord (Tj.); ca_kupat.i- ra_ji_na_ma_ lease-deed of cultivable land (R.T.); ca_kupat.i- t-tit.t.am account, taken by revenue servants at the commencemen of the culivating season, of the holdings intended for cultivation (R.T.); approximate cultivation expenses; ca_kupat.i-k-kan.akku cultivation account (R.T.); ca_kupat.i cultivation (Ta.); sa_gubad.i (Te.); sa_guval.i (Tu.)(Ta.lex.) cf. uvacca-k-ka_n.i lands granted rent-free to a person of the uvaccan caste for service as a temple drummer (Ta.inscr.)(Ta.lex.) To support: tsa_karn, tsa_karni maid-servant; tsa_kor, tsa_kra_ servant; tsa_kri, tsa_kre, seva tsa_kri service; tsa_kri kar serve (Kon.lex.) o_caram adv. for the sake of, on account of (Ta.); o_skara id. (Ka.); ko_saramu id. (Te.)(Ta.lex.) ca.k to make to grow, rear, support (Ko.); so.k (so.ky-) to rear (To.); sa_ku to bring up, foster, rear, nurse, keep, protect, preserve; n. bringing up, fostering etc. (Ka.); sa_kisu to cause to bring up, etc. (Ka.); ca.k- (ca.ki-) to rear (child, young animal)(Kod..); sa_n:kuni to foster, nourish, nurse, bring up, take care of, protect, shelter; caus. sa_n:ka_vuni; sa_n:kan. fostering, nursing, nourishing, bringing up, adoption (Tu.); sa~_ku to rear, bring up, foster, educate, train up (Te.); sa~_kud.u rearing, bringing up (Te.)(DEDR 2427). cf. ta_n:ku (ta_n:ki-) to uphold, bear up, support, protect, give shelter (Ta.)(DEDR 3153). To help: sagho strong (S.); s'akra strong (RV.)(CDIAL 13081). saghno_ti is able to bear, is a match for (RV.); sagghasi (considered as 2 sg. fut. of sakko_ti 'is able')(Pali); hagnu to be able (K.); saghan.u (S.); saggan., sagan., haggun., hagan. (L.); s'aga~r.~ (Ku.); sagha_unu, saga_unu to help (N.); sagh be strong or able (Skt.)(CDIAL 13080).

2883.Image: horn: s.a_n:g horn (Pas'.); sam.ga made of horn (Pkt.); s'a_rn:ga made of horn (Sus'r.); bow (MBh.)(CDIAL 12409). s'a_rn:ga (fr. s'r.n:ga) = sin:ga_d.i made of horn, horny; a bow; the bow of Vis.n.u or Kr.s.n.a; s'a_rn:ga-dhanva Vis.n.u; s'a_rn:gi Vis.n.u; cf. sin:ga_d.i a bow (Ka.); cin:ka_t.i, cin:ka_n.i (Ta.); cin:ga_d.i a Turkish bow (Ma.); sin:ga_n.i, sin:gin.i made of horn; a bow made of horn, a bow (Te.)(Ka.lex.) s'a_rn:ga made of horn, horny; having a bow, armed with a bow; s'a_rn:gam a bow (in general); the bow of Vis.n.u; s'a_rn:gin an archer, a bowman; an epithet of Vis.n.u, of S'iva (Skt.lex.) ca_rn:kam < s'a_rn:ga bow (Pin..); Vis.n.u's bow, one of paca_yutam (viz., can:kam, cakkaram, katai, ca_rn:kam, kat.kam)(Tiv. Iyar-. 1,23; Vita_n-a. Maintar. 1); ca_ran:ka-pa_n.i Vis.n.u (Piramo_t. 13,65)(Ta.lex.) Image: loose fingers: cigi to let a finger or fingers loose; to discharge with the fingers, to throw with the fingers; to propel, as a pagad.e die that is laid near the doubled fore and middle finger by suddenly disjoining them (Ka.lex.) Image: bow: ca_kam bow (Te_va_. 1033,6); ca_vam < ca_pa bow (Cir-upa_n. 98)(Ta.lex.) Bow; pellet-bow: ca_rn:kam, ca_ran:kam Vis.n.u's bow (Tiv. Tiruccan. 15); bow; cin:ka_n.i bow for shooting small balls, pellet-bow (Ta. < s'ijini_ (Skt.); sin:ga_n.i (Te.); cin:ka_t.i id. (Ta.); sin:ga_d.i id. (Ka.)(Ta.lex.) caravan- bowman, as having arrows (Te_va_. 112,1)(Ta.lex.) Image: a bull: s'a_n:kara a bull; s'a_kkara, s'a_kvara an ox (Skt.lex.) Image: crookedness: can:ga, can:gya, con:ga, con:gu crookedness, perverseness; can:ga man:gatana (Ka.); sa_ci_kr.ta made crooked; bent, inclined; seen crookedly, distorted; distortion or perversion of mind; sa_ci crookedly, awry, obliquely (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) s.an:gala a small horn (Pas'.); ha~_gul the stag cervus wallichii (K.)(CDIAL 12410). s.ugo horn (Sh.); srun:g, s'run:g horn (Kho.)(CDIAL 12713). ucu_ horn (Pr.); sru_ horn(Av.)(CDIAL 12715). cin:ki < s'r.n:ga stag's horn (Mu_. A.)(Ta.lex.) sam.ga, sim.ga horn (Pkt.); sin:ga (Pali); s'ing (Gypsy); heng (K.); s'r.n:ga horn (RV.); s.i_n. horn (Ash.); s.i_n., s.^rin. (Wg.); s.in. (Dm.); s.a_n:g (Pas'.); s.i_n., s.e_n. (Pas'.); s.i_n. (Shum.Bshk.); s'in. (Wot..Phal.); s.in. (Gaw.Kal.Sh.); pl. s.in:ga (Phal.Or.); sin.u horn (S.); sin:g (L.P.); s'in:g, s'i~_g (WPah.); si_n. (Ku.); sin. (N.B.); xin. (A.); si~_gⁱ (Bhoj.); si~_g (Aw.H.); si~g (G.); s'i~_g (M.); s'i~_n:ga (Konkan.i); han:ga, an:ga, pl. an., sin:gu (Si.)(CDIAL 12583). Horned: s'r.n:gin horned (RV.); sin:gin, sin:gika horned (Pali); sim.gi (Pkt.); sin.e (N.); si~gi_ (G.); sin:gila a kind of horned bird (Pali); sin.iru horned (S.)(CDIAL 12595). Image: antelope: cf. cigari, cigare black buck or antelope; jin:ke antelope (Ka.); jimke deer (Ka.); jin:k antelope (Tu.); jin:ka id.(Te.)(DEDR 2504). cf. jhan:kar spotted deer; jola jhan:kar a species of deer; jel a deer (Santali.lex.) sru_ horn (Av.); ucu_ horn (Pr.); s.o_ (Tor.)(CDIAL 12715). srun:g, s'run. horn (Kho.); sru_ (Iranian); s.ugo (Sh.)(CDIAL 12713). Image: horned: s'r.n:gi, sin:gi horned; crested, peaked; s'r.n:ga_raka horned, crested; s'r.n:ga, sin:ga a horn; a horn used for blowing (Ka.lex.) sin:ga a ram's horn, a musical instrument shaped like a buffaloe's horn (Santali); sin:ghaut.i to tie the horns of a buffaloe to each side to keep it still when being castrated; sin:ghin having horns projecting in front, applied to goats, spiny (Santali.lex.) Great: sin:ghin great (Santali.lex.) A title: cin:kam a title, chiefly among ve_l.a_l.as, as in ba_lacin:kam (J.)(Ta.lex.) cin:kan- man of the fowler tribe (Kur-r-a_.Kur-a.); sin:gad.u id. (Te.)(Ta.lex.) Skin with horns attached: cf. s'i_ra pointed, sharp (RV.)(CDIAL 12495). cinala, cinal sharp (Ash.); cenal (Wg.)(CDIAL 12441). sigauta_ skin with horns attached (H.)(CDIAL 12587).

2884.Association; community; companionship, caravan: san.war a companion; san.war manaetina I have a companion (Santali.lex.) caa_yi intimacy, friendship (Tu.lex.) cf. sa~_go companionship, caravan (S.)(CDIAL 13328). sa~ota, sa~otar a Santal; sa~otalni, sa~otarni a Santal female (Santali.lex.) san:kiramam < san.-krama meeting, approaching, entering into relationship (Ci.Ci. 8,28, Civaja_.)(Ta.lex.) san:gati sexal intercourse; association, intercourse; san:gata union, association, intercourse, connection; friendship, acquaintance (Ka.lex.) saga crowd, collection (OSi.Bra_hmi_ inscr.); san:ga crowd, collection (Si.); sam.gha association, community (Mn.); the Buddhist community (As'.); assembly, collection (Pkt.); san:gha assembly, the priesthood (Pali); san:gu body of pilgrims (S.); san:g id. (L.P.)(CDIAL 12854). sa~_go companionship, caravan (S.)(CDIAL 13328). sam.ghapati chief of a brotherhood (Skt.); san:ghvi_ leader of a body of pilgrims, a partic. surname (G.)(CDIAL 12857). san:ga contact with (TS.); addiction to (Mn.); attachment, cleaving to (Pali); saga (Dhp.); sam.ga (Pkt.); sang union (K.); san.u connexion by marriage; san:gu body of pilgrims (S.); san., sa~g body of pilgrims or travellers (L.); san:g id., association (P.); sa~_gi ritual defilement by contact (N.); sa_n:ga uion, coitus (OB.); sa_n.a_t companion (B.); sa_n:ga company, companion (Or.); in an obl. case as an adv.: san:gi_ with, to (Phal.); san:g along with (P.); s'an. (Ku.); san.a (N.); sa_n:ge, san:ge near, with (Or.); san. with (Bhoj.); san:g (H.); sa~ge (G.); sa_ge~ (M.)(CDIAL 13082). san:gin attached to, fond of (MBh.); sam.gi, sam.gilla attached to (Pkt.); san:gi_ comrade (S.L.P.); one of a party of pilgrims (P.); san.i (N.); sa_n:ga, sa_n:gi_ (Or.); san:gi_ (H.)(CDIAL 13084). saha together with; sadha in cmpds. (RV.); saha with inst. 'with' (Pali.Pkt.); -sah (Bshk.); saha (OSi.); ha_ and, also, with; isa_ also (Si.)(CDIAL 13297). sahita accompanying (Ka_tyS'r.); accompanied by (MBh.); sahitam with inst. 'together with' (MBh.); sahita accompanied by (Pali);[alternative construction: sa + hita = sa- comitative prefix + -hita placed (RV.)(Pa_n..va_rtt.)]; sahita accompanied by (Pali); sahia (Pkt.); sei~, sei, sia_ with (WPah.); syu~_ (Ku.); se with, by, from (H.); sium. (OG.); su~ with (G.); ihi (Si.)(CDIAL 13310). sahit including, along with, also; sud sahit in emadea I paid with interest (Santali.lex.) sahaca_ra going together (AV.); sahaca_rin companion (MBh.)(CDIAL 13301). cf. sakhi (nom. sg. sakha_) friend (RV.); sakhi_ woman's confidante (MBh.); a mistress (VarBr.S.); sakha_ friend (Pali); sahi (Pkt.); saiya~_ lover, paramour, friend (N.); xai_ friend; xaiya_ partner in a game (A.); saha friend (Si.)(CDIAL 13074). sa_her.i_ woman's female friend (S.); sa_heli_ (G.)(CDIAL 13323). sa_khilya friendship (Skt.); sa_khalya, sa_khalla friendship (Pali); havul-a partnership (Si.)(CDIAL 13324). sa~_go companionship, caravan (S.)(CDIAL 13328). sagr.ha with one's household (TS.); saijjha, saijhia, saajjhia, saajjia, saejjhia neighbour (Pkt.); saijjhia neighbourhood (Pkt.); s'eji_ female neighbour; s'eja_r neighbourhood, neighbours; s'eja_ri_, s'eja_rn.i_ neighbour (M.)(CDIAL 13077). sakhi_, sakhika_ woman's female friend (Pali); sahi_, sahia_ (Pkt.); sai (B.); sahi, sai (Or.); saiyo (H.); sai (G.); sah,sai_ (M.); sahalar.i_ woman's female friend (OMarw.); sahiyar, saiyar (G.); saheli_ woman's female friend (L.P.); saheli (N.); sayla_ (B.); saheli_ (OAw.); saheli_ id., maidservant, concubine (H.); sahali_, saheli_ woman's female friend (OMarw.); sahi_li_ (OG.); saheli_ (M.)(CDIAL 13074). sahaka_ra assistance (Skt.); sahaka_ritva (TS.); sahaya_ra, saha_ra, sa_ha_ra help (Pkt.); saha_ra help, hope (K.); saha_ra_ patience (L.); saha_ro help (N.); xa~_riya_ a man who helps in another's work gratis (A.); [cf. ka_riyam work (Ta.lex.)]; saha_ra_ help (H.); sahiya_ru~, saiya_ru~ held in partnership; partnership (G.); sahara_ help (M.); saha_rna_ to prop, bear, sustain (P.)(CDIAL 13299). sahaja_ born together (RV.); sahaja (TS.); full brother (Skt.); sahaja_ta born together (Skt.); sahaja, sahaja_ta born at the same time (Pali); sahaya natural; sahaja_ya born at the same time (Pkt.); sahada full brother (Si.)(CDIAL 13302). saha_ya companion, helper (Mn.); saha_ya, saha_yaka companion (Pali); saha_ya (Pkt.); sa_ha_ helper, encourager (Or.); saha_u_ helper (H.); saha friend (Si.)(CDIAL 13309). cf. saha_ya companion, helper (Pali.Pkt.)(CDIAL 13309). sakhila friendly (Skt.); kindly (Pali)(CDIAL 13075). Related by blood: saka one's own (Pali); spa(kaspi) (As'.); svaka- in: svakatha (svaka- artha-) (Dhp.); saga-, saya-, saa- (Pkt.); svaka one's own; kinsman, friend (Mn.); siya one's own (Si.); siya_ kinsman (Si.)(CDIAL 13894). sva one's own (RV.); sa id. (Pali.Pkt.); kinsman (Pkt.)(CDIAL 13893). suli_ friend, comrade (Kt.); so_li_ (Wg.); so_l, so_lu_ (Pr.); svakulya of one's own family (Skt.)(CDIAL 13895). svaki_ya of one's own family (MBh.); sakka one's own (Skt.); sako kinsman (S.); sakka_ born of the same parents; kinsman, relation by marriage (L.); sakka_ related by blood (L.); sakka_, saka_ of full blood relationship (P.); sa~_k related by blood (Ku.); sakh of full blood relationship (K.); sa_kh, sa_kkhai (N.)(CDIAL 13896a). svaga without kin (AV.); sagga one's own (Skt.); sago born of the same parents (S.); sagg of full blood relationship (P.); sagga_, saga_ (H.); saga kinsman (OG.); sagu~ related by blood; sa_gvu~ relatives (G.); saga_ of full blood relationship (M.)(CDIAL 13896b). sa_k relationship, connection by marriage (L.); kinsman (P.)(CDIAL 13919). sva_gata welcome (R.); sa_gatam. welcome! (Pali); sa_gada, sa_ada welcome, auspicious (Pkt.); sa_iu, sa_m.i_ (OG.); sa~_i, sa_ir.u~ embrace at meeting, welfare, happy state (G.)(CDIAL 13920). sva_gata welcome (Pali.lex.) sva_min owner, master (Mn.); husband (A_past.); -sva_mika in cmpds. (Mn.); sa_min, sa_mika owner, master, husband; sa_miya husband; suva_min master (Pali); spamika, suva_mika, s.uva_mikya, sva_mika (As'.); svamisya, sa_miasa (KharI.); sa_mi, sa_mia (Pkt.); sa_hi (Skt.); saui owner, master (Gypsy); sa~_i~_ (S.); sa~_i, (as term of address) sa_i (L.); sa_i~_, sa_i_ya~_ master, husband (P.); saiya~_ lover, paramour, friend (N.); sa~_i master, (used in boys in play) ca_i (B.); sa_i_ lord, king, deity (Or.); sai~e~ husband (among lower classes); sa~_i~ husband (as addressed by wife)(Or.); sa_i~_ God (Bhoj.); sa_i~m. lord, master; sa_i~_ saint (OAw.); sa~_i_ master, husband, God, religious mendicant (H.); faqir (G.); sa~_ term of respectful address (G.); sa_i_ title of respect, term of address (M.); sa_mi-ya_, hmi-ya_ husband; himi-ya_ master, owner, husband (Si.); is'pu_nj, pa_nje_, po_nze, po~_^es', po~_i master, husband (Pas'.)(CDIAL 13930). sa_mika owner; husband; sa_min owner, ruler, lord, master; husband; sa_miya husband (Pali.lex.) s'ri_: -s affix to names of relationship (M.); cf. use of -bhat.t.a- with names in s'ri_mha_la-bhat.t.a = mha_lasa_-bhat.t.a in 16th. cent. Sk. (M.)(CDIAL 14824). Comrade: sa_gya_, sa~gya_ comrade (M.)(CDIAL 13084). sa_khiya, sa_khya association, party (RV.); friendship (Skt.); sakhya friendship (Pali)(CDIAL 13323). Joint property; help: sa_hya in cmpd. 'conquering' (RV.); help, fellowship (MBh.); sahya tolerable, equal to, strong; help (MBh.); sajjha capable of bearing; help (Pkt.); sa_ha_yya help (Mn.); sa_ha_ya (Skt.); sa_hajja help (Pkt.); sa_jhi_ joint property; sa_jo-pa_jo joint (Ku.); sa_jha_ partnership (N.); sa_jhi partner (Or.); sa_jh partnerhsip (Mth.Bhoj.); sa_jha_ association (H.); sahaya, saha_ help (Si.); sa_hya help, fellowship (Skt.); sahya help (MBh.); sajjha (MBh.Pkt.); sa~_jh companionship; sa~_jha_ held in partnership (L.); sa~_jh share, partnership; sa~_jha_ partnership (P.)(CDIAL 13381). sa_m.s'a having or consisting of parts or shares (Skt.); sam.sa together with its parts (Pkt.); sa~_zu half produce of land (Sh.); sa~_jo jointly owned (Sh.); sa_jha_ held in partnership; sa~_jha_ common (L.)(CDIAL 13318). sa_kam jointly, with (RV.); sa~_ with (S.)(CDIAL 13319). sa_m.ghika member of a community of monks (Skt.); san:ghika belonging to the Sangha (Pali); sa~_ghi_ partner, friend (L.); san:ghiya_ companion (H.); sn:g relating to the brotherhood (Si.)(CDIAL 13313). Association: can:ka_tam assembly, multitude, company, association, combination (Ci.Ci.1,14,Civa_k.) san:ga contact with (TS.); addiction to (Mn.); attachment, cleaving to (Pali); sam.ga (Pkt.); sang union (K.); san.u connexion by marriage (S.); san:gu body of pilgrims (S.); san., sa~g body of pilgrims or travellers (L.); san:g id., association (P.); sa~_gi ritual defilement by contact (N.); sa_n:ga union, coitus (OB.); sa_n.a_t companion (B.); sa_n:ga company, companion (Or.); sa_gwa_na_ to collect (H.); san:gi_ with, to (Phal.); san:g along with (P.); s'an. (Ku.); san.a (N.); sa_n:ge, san:ge near, with (Or.); san. with (Bhoj.); san:g (H.); sa~ge (G.); sa~ge~ (M.)(CDIAL 13082). sam.gata united (AV.); union (MBh.); sam.gati meeting (RV.); san:gata met (Pali); sam.gaya met; union (Pkt.)(CDIAL 12844). Image: meeting, union: can:kamam meeting, union; river-mouth; confluence of rivers; S'aiva devotees, as viewed collectively (Ta.lex.) Society: sam.gan.ika_ society, the world (Skt.); san:gan.ika_ association (Pali); an:ganiya assembly (Si.)(CDIAL 12846). sam.gra_ma assembly of people, battle (AV.); san:ga_ma battle (Pali); sam.ga_ma (Pkt.); san:gam (Si.)(CDIAL 12853). Caravan; company; collection of good men: sa~_go companionship, caravan (S.)(CDIAL 13330). san:gu body of pilgrims (S.); san:ga battle (RV.); contact with (TS.); addiction to (Mn.); attachment, cleaving to (Pali); s.aga (Skt.); sam.ga (Pkt.); sang union (K.); san.u connexion by marriage (S.); san:g, sa~g body of pilgrims or travellers (L.); san:g along with (P.); association (P.); sa~_gi ritual defilement by contact (N.); sa_n:ga union, coitus (OB.); sa_n.a_t companion (B.); sa_nga company, companion (Or.); sa~gwa_na_ to collect (H.); san:gi_ with, to (Phal.); s'an. along with (Ku.); san.a along with (N.); sa_n:ge, san:ge near, with (Or.); san. with (Bhoj.); san:g with (H.); sa~ge with (G.); sa~ge~ with (M.)(CDIAL 13082). san:gin attached to, fond of (MBh.); sam.gi, sam.gilla attached to (Pkt.); san:gi_ comrade (S.L.P.); one of a party of pilgrims (P.); san.i comrade (N.); sa_n:ga comrade (Or.); sa_n:gi_ comrade (Or.); san:gi_ comrade (H.); sa~gya_ comrade (M.)(CDIAL 13084). sa_jan gathering of respectable men attending a wedding, the bridegroom's party (G.); sa_jnu~ a meeting of caste-members to decide a caste question (G.); sa_janem. association, friendship (OM.)(CDIAL 13330). To touch, to draw near; attachment: tagalu, tagilu, tagulu to come in contact with, touch, hit, have sexual intercourse with; tagalisu, tagilisu, tagulisu to cause to come into contact with, etc.; taguluvike touching; tagul. to be joined together, come near, approach, meet, unite onself with, commence, run after, chase, pursue, drive away, push back; tagul.isu to chase, drive away; tagul.cu to join, attach, put to, join oneself to, get to, come under the rule of, undertake anything, engage in, employ, set on fire, kindle, damage with fire; tagul.pa state of being joined, union (Ka.); tagaruni to draw near (Tu.); tagulu, tavulu to touch, come in contact with, strike against, follow, pursue, be entangled, ensnared or caught, be found or met with; n. attachment, interest, wish, desire; tagilincu to cause to touch, catch, adhere or stick to, attach, fix, fasten, insert, hang on, apply; tagula~-bad.u to burn, be on fire; tagula~-bet.t.u to set on fire; tagulamu, tagula_t.mu attachment, tie, affection, fondness, love, passion, addictedness, connexion, relation, hindrance, obstacle, a fetter; tagulukonu to get entangled or ensnared, catch fire; tagulucu to cause to touch; tagulud.u, taguludala touching, contact, catching, addictedness; taguluvad.u to be caught, seized, or entangled (Te.); tagli- (-t-) to touch, hit (Kond.a); takna_ to rub or graze in passing, give a very slight knock; refl. pass. takrna_ to get a slight knock (Kur.); take to touch, hurt (as a sore); takuwre to be pained or grieved (Malt.); tai-va_- to touch (Ta.)(DEDR 3004). Harsh; firm: saktu hard, firm; harsh, severe; oppressive, rigorous (Ka.); sakta (M.H.) (Ka. lex.) sa_bi_tu, sa_bu_tu sound, firm; proved, established (Ka.); sa_bi_ta, ta_bu_ta (M.H.)(Ka.lex.) cf. stha_pita established (Skt.lex.) Attached: sajati is attached, embraces (Dha_tup.); asakta adhered to (TBr.); a_saja_mi place in (RV.); sajayati attaches to (Skt.); couples (Mn.); sajyate_, sajjate_ hangs on (S'Br.); is occupied with (MBh.); sakta clinging to (AV.); sajjati clings to, is attached to (Pali); sajjai (Pkt.); sajati embraces (Pali); sacce_ti touches (Pali); sacca_pe_ti undertakes, fulfils (Pali); s.ayati holds on to (NiDoc.); s.e, s.- to stick to, cling to, be attached to (Pas'.); s'oyek to come near, approach (Kho.); s'a~_dn.u to attach (a ploughshare (WPah.); s.acoiki (1 sg. s.a_cam, pp. s.a_tu) to become attached to, stick to, be hit by (bullet, etc.), be affected by, begin (with inf.)(Sh.); s'acn.o, s'acn.o~, chacn.o~ to stick to, adhere to (WPah.); satta attached to, clinging to (Pali.Pkt.); s.a_tem I embrace (Kal.); satan.u to enter on anything zealously (S.); s.atene adj. sticking to (WPah.)(CDIAL 13085). Near: cen:gat.a(n) near, close by; cen:gali nearness, neighbourhood (Te.); cekkal near (Pa.); caxa_ around, near, in the vicinity of (Kur.)(DEDR 2753). sa_khya association, party (RV.); friendship (Skt.); sakhya friendship (Pali ?< sa_khya?); sa_hi, sa_i part of town inhabited by people of one caste or tribe (Or.); sa_her.i_ woman's female friend (S.); sa_heli_ (G.)(CDIAL 13324). sa_khilya friendship (Skt.); sa_khalya, sa_khalla id. (Pali); havul-a partnership (Si.)(CDIAL 13324). sakhi friend (RV.); saha friend (Si.); sakhi_ woman's female friend (Pali); sahalar.i_ id. (OMarw.); saheli_ id. (S.L.P.); sahali_, saheli_ id. (OMarw.); sahi_li_ id. (OG.); saheli_ id. (M.)(CDIAL 13074). sanghvi_ leader of a body of pilgrims, a partic. surname (G.)(CDIAL 12857). [Synonyms: sattha caravan (Pali.Pkt.); satthava_ha caravan leader (Pali.Pkt.); sa_tha_ pilgrims' guide (B.); satva_ merchant (Si.)(CDIAL 13364-5).] can:kam mustering, gathering (Perun..Makata.17,38); society, assembly, council, senate, academy: pulampuri-c-can:kam porul.ot.u mur..an:ka (Man.i. 7,114); union, junction; sexual intercourse: can:kamun:kikan- (Tiruppu. 556)(Ta.lex.)

2885.Ceremony; business: can-karan- < s'an.-kara dispenser of happiness (Cilap. 10, 186, Urai.)(Ta.lex.) can:kam friendship, love, attachment (Tirukko_. 85)(Ta.lex.) caki < sakhi male companion (Uttarara_. An-umap. 45); cakitan- < sahita one in company with another (Civaraka. Kan.apatikumara. 4) (Ta.lex.) san:kalike union; a pair of weddig garments; san:kalike-do_tra two do_tras; san:ga association, intercourse, friendship, love (Skt.Ka.); sexual intercourse (Ka.); san:ga ma_d.u to connect one's self with, to associate with; to have sexual intercourse; san:gad.i a companion; san:ghat.t.i id., a follower (Ka.lex.) sa~oha~ to marry, applied to the marriage of a person who has been previously been married; baha sa~ohaketkinale we married them; the ceremony observed at a marriage of this kind is that the man sticks a flower in the back hair of the woman with his left hand; sa~o together with, along with, in company with; sa~oha~ well, befitting, proper, seemly, effecively (Santali.lex.) sa_kam jointly, with (RV.); sa~_ with (S.)(CDIAL 13319). For semant. 'flower' cf.: can:ka_rittam celestial cloud which rains flowers, one of catta-me_kam (Pin...)(Ta.lex.) baha a flower; to flower; baha bas at the conclusion of a dance one or more of the musicians passes each a flower along the line of girl dancers; baha dak at the Baha festival, water is thrown by certain persons on others; this is known as baha dak or flower water; baha porob the flower festival of the Santals, observed about the middle of Phagun or the end of February (Santali.lex.) san:ka_ra ceremony (Skt.lex.) cf. sam.ka_yati celebrates (a wedding), causes to arrange (MBh.); sam.ka_ra a religious ceremony (Pkt.)(CDIAL 12821). sam.ka_ri_ a girl recently deflowered (Skt.lex.) sikr.i makr.i marriage bonds (Santali. lex.) san:ke_taka agreement, convention; appointment; a lover or mistress who makes an appointment; san:ke_tayati to agree upon, appoint; to fix by convention, lay down conventionally; to invite, call; to give a hint; san:ke_tita agreed upon, fixed by convention; invited, called Skt.lex.) [san:ke_ti a certain caste of sma_rta bra_hman.as in Mysore, speaking a very corrupt Tamil (Ka.lex.)] sam.krama a medium or means of attaining any object; sam.kra_ma difficult progress; sam.ka_rtanam praising, applauding, extolling; glorification of a deity; repeating the name of a deity as a pious or devotional act; sam.klr.p to wish or long for; caus. to resolve, determine, settle; to indent, aim at; to arrange or connect together; to fix, assign, allot; to consecrate, dedicate; to think about, ponder, reflect; sam.kalpa will, volition; a solemn vow to perform an observance (Skt.lex.) cf. can:kati < san:gati affair; connection, relation (I_t.u, 4,6, Pra.)(Ta.lex.) jambra an affair, business; ceremony (Tu.lex.) sam.kalpa will, desire (AV.); san:kappa thought, intention (Pali); sam.kappa (Pkt.); sakapa opinion (Si.)(CDIAL 12819). va_ura_d.i labourer; va_ur, va_ur work, to make effort (Kon.lex.)jambara affair, business (Ka.); jambara, jamba_ra (Tu.); jarupu to do, perform (Te.)(Ka.lex.) cumaur.a ceremony at marriages (Santali.lex.) doba_zo pomp; dobajea_tso solemn, ceremonious (Kon.lex.) To adorn: sam.skr. to adorn, decorate, grace; to refine, polish; to cultivate, educate, train; to make ready, prepare, equip, fit out; to cook, dress (food); to collect, heap together;[cf. can:ka-mat.aippal.l.i a sub-caste of mat.ai-p-pal.l.i so called from their ancestors having been cooks or ministers (Ta.lex.)]; sam.skr.tr. one who dresses, cooks, prepares etc; sam.ska_ra making perfect, refining, polishing; education, cultivation, training (of the mind); making ready, preparation; cooking, dressing (of food etc.); embellishment, decoration, ornament; consecration, sanctification; any faculty or capacity; effect of work, merit of action; a purificatory rite, a sacred rite or ceremony; obsequial ceremonies; a polishing stone; sam.skr.ta made perfect, refined, polished, cultivated; adorned, decorated; excellent, best; a learned man; refined or highly polished speech, the Sanskrit language; an offering, oblation (mostly Vedic)(Skt.lex.) can:katam Sanskrit (can:kata pan:kama_y pa_kata-ttot.rait turaitta : Te_va_. 858,2)(Ta.lex.) sam.kr.ti beautifully or symmetrically fashioned, of excellent action (TS. iv.2.6.2) (Vedic.lex.) sam.kr._t to recite; to praise, celebrate, glorify; to tell, mention; to proclaim, announce (Skt.lex.) Preparedness, readiness: cavaran.ai preparedness, readiness (Ta.); savaran.a (Te.); savaran.e (Ka.); cavaran.ai prosperity, affluent circumstances (Ta.)(Ta.lex.) sam.vr.n.o_ti puts in order (Skt.); sam.vr.ta (RV.); sammarna_ to sweep (P.); sumarnu, somarnu to make use of (N.); sa_mla_na to put in order (B.); sa~_varn.e~, sa_varn.e~ to gather up, recover, rectify (M.)(CDIAL 13015). sawa_run to undertake, arrange, put in order (K.); sa_va_ran.u to arrange, put in order, beautify; sa~viran.u to be arranged etc. (S.); sa~varan. to be made ready, adorn, clean; sa~varan. to be made ready, etc. (L.); sam.va_rai, sava_m.rai builds, prepares, decorates (OAw.); sa~wa_rn.a_, sama_rna_ to arrange, prepare, deck (H.); sa~warna_ to be arranged, etc. (H.); sava_rai prepares (vegetables and other food) for cooking (OMarw.); sama_rai keeps in order, brushes (OG.); sama_rvu~ to repair, erect after damage, adorn, weed, prepare (vegetables) for cooking (G.)(CDIAL 13021). sam.va_ran.a warding off (MBh.); sava_rn.i_ adornment, shaving (S.)(CDIAL 13020). cf. va_r (-v-, -nt-) to comb as hair (Ta.)(DEDR 5357). Preparation: sam.kr. to commit; to manufacture, to prepare; to do, perform in general (Skt.lex.) sam.skaro_ti prepares (MBh.); sakharun to prepare for a journey, busy oneself with (K.)(CDIAL 13037). sam.ska_ra preparation (Gr.S'r.); san:kha_ra preparation (Pali); sam.ka_ra, sakka_ra, sakka_la (Pkt.); sakara preparation, accomplishing (Si.)(CDIAL 13038). sam.skr.ta put together, completed (RV.); sakkhata put together, cooked, embellished (Pali); sakkaya adorned (Pkt.); sak- to dress, arrange, decorate (Pas'.); saku Sanskrit (Si.)(CDIAL 13039). sam.skr.ti preparation (VS.); san:khati cookery (Pali); sam.khad.i cooking of rice (Pkt.); sakhar immediate preparation before starting a journey (K.)(CDIAL 13040). can:kat.i ragi porridge (Intupa_ka. 83); san:kat.i id. (Te.)(Ta.lex.) To rub; to shampoo the body; to make ready; to equip: saa~_riba_, sua_riba_, sua~_l.iba_ to card coarse cotton with the fingers, separate hair of head into strands, massage the body (Or.)(CDIAL 13021). sam.va_ha shampooing the body (MBh.); rubbing the body (Pkt.); samba_hu preparation (S.); sam.va_hayati assembles (Skt.); sam.vahai carries, is ready (Pkt.); sambahan.u to get ready, equip; to be accoutred, be equipped (S.); sam.va_hai drives, makes ready (Pkt.); samba_hin.u to cause to get ready, to equip (S.)(CDIAL 13017). [cf. savaru to rub in or apply to (Ka.)(DEDR 2389)].

2886.Wedding pavilion: caturam < catur-as'ra square (Perun.. Ucaik. 42,29); id. (Ma.); catura-p-pa_t.u id. (Kur-al.. 235, Urai)(Ta.lex.) catura square; caturika_ square court (Skt.); caraya meeting place in a village (Pkt.); cauri_, cauriya_ wedding pavilion (Pkt.); caura_ raised platform on which the Tulasi plant is worshipped; cauri_ courtyard surrounded by houses; caura_ place where sati_ is performed (H.); cori having four sloping roofs, quadrangular (B.); coro village meeting place (G.); cori_ square enclosure in which marriage ceremony is performed (G.)(CDIAL 4595). caupa_ri_ assembly hall (OAw.); caupa_r. vestibule, assembly room (H.)(CDIAL 4644). catvara quadrangular place (MBh.); caccara quadrangular space (Pali); cattara, caccara (Pkt.); ca_tar expanse of water; ca_ta_l enclosed space, paved floor (B.); ca_car courtyard (G.)(CDIAL 4654). cavukkai square shed; raised square platform for sitting (Vir-alivit.u. 112)(Ta.); caukka (Pkt.)(Ta.lex.) X Fourth: turi_ya fourth (RV.); a quarter (AV.); turi_yaka (Ya_j.); turya (Pa_n.. Va_rtt.); turia 4th (Pkt.); truy^u votive oblations made on behalf of a woman on the 4th day of delivery (K.)(CDIAL 5881). turi_ya a quarter, a fourth part; (in ve_da_nta phil) the fourth state of the soul in which it becomes one with Brahman or the Supreme Spirit (Skt.lex.) turya_s'ra 4-cornered (Skt.); turyavah cow 4 years old (TS.)(CDIAL 5881). caturtha fourth (AV.); catuttha (Pali); cauttha, cattha, caut.t.ha (Pkt.)(CDIAL 4600). cautha_ri_, caut.ha_ri_ untying of bracelets 4 days after marriage ceremony (Bi.)(CDIAL 4603). caturttam fourth (Tan.d.i. 95)(Ta.lex.)

2887.Sacrifice: sa_ran:ga one performing a sacrifice (AitBr.)(Vedic.lex.) bon:ga saranjan materials for sacrifice; saman.ak a sacrifice (Santali.lex.) ca_n:kiyam ceremonies, rites (Ta.lex.) sa_n:ga together with the vedic angas; san:go_pa_n:ga along with the vedic an:gas and upa_n:gas (Ka.lex.) ca_n:gama_y wholly, completely (Ci.Ci. 8,4, Ja_n-ap.)(Ta.lex.) Skanda: s'a_n:kari name of Ka_rttike_ya; of Gan.es'a; s'a_kha name of Ka_rttike_ya (Skt.lex.)

2888.Conventional trade terms; agreement: san:ke_tam agreement, stipulation, understanding between parties; sense of solidarity due to religious or social identity (Kur-al., 735, Urai.); conventional terms limited to trades, professions; land assigned to a temple and made tax-free (Ta.lex.) sa_ng to say (Kon.lex.) san:ke_ta an intimation, allusion; a sign, gesture, hint; an indicatory sign, mark, token; agreement, convention (san:ke_to gr.hyate ja_tau gun.adravya kriya_su ca); engageme, appointment, assignation (made by a mistress or lover)(na_masame_tam kr.ta san:ke_tam va_dayate_ mr.du ve_n.um : Gi_tago_vinda); a place of meeting (for lovers), rendezvous (ka_nta_rthino tu ya_ ya_ti san:ke_tam sa_bhisa_rika_); condition, provision; a short explanatory rule (gram.); san:ke_ta gr.ham, san:ke_ta nike_tanam a place of appointmet or assignation, rendezvous; san:ke_taka agreement, convention; appointment, assignation; san:ke_tanam appointment, agreement, a rendezvous (Skt.lex.) sanketa intimation, agreement, engagement, appointed place, rendezvous; sanketan gacchati to keep an appointment, to come to the rendezvous; sanketana without appointing a place; vassika sanketa the appointed time for keeping the rainy season; sanketa kamma agreement (Pali.lex.) sanketana, sanketa, sanketana-t.t.ha_na place of rendezvous (Pali.lex.) ketu [Vedic ketu clear; Lat. caelum; OHG. heitar, heit; Goth. haidus; E. -hood. orig. appearance, form, like] ray, beam of light; flag, banner, sign, perhaps as token of splendour; ketu-kamyata_ desire for prominence, self-advertisement; ket.ubha the science which assists the officiating priests by laying down rules for the rites, or by leaving them to their discretion; in short, the ritual or kalpa (Pali.lex.) Intention, will: ke_ta will, knowledge (RV. i.24.12); ke_tapu_ purifying the will or mind or intention (RV. i.104.3); ke_ta-sap obeying the will (RV. v.38.3)(Vedic.lex.) Leader: ke_tu leader, chief (RV. x.92.1; VS. xxix.37)(Vedic.lex.) san:ke_ta a sign; a signal; an intimation; assignation, an appointment; abbreviation (M.B. Belsare, An etymological Gujarati English Dictionary, 1895). san:gat circumstance (Kon.lex.) san:ke_ta anyindicatory sign or gesture, intimation, hint, allusion (Ka.); a sign, a signal, a token, a mark, symbol (Skt.Ka.); samaya (Ka.); gesticulation (Ka.); agreement, convention (Skt.Ka.); engagement (Ka.); appointment, assignation (with a lover)(Skt.Ka.); san:ke_taka an agreement, a convention, an appointment (Skt.Ka.); a rendezvous (Ka.); san:ke_tana an agreement, a convention; san:ke_tana bhavana a house of assignation, appointed house; san:ke_ta sthala, san:ke_ta bhu_mi a place of assignation, appointned place; vanapu, kombu, kol.a; san:ke_t.a_ks.ara a secret writing; san:ke_ti a certain cast of sma_rta bra_hman.as in Mysore, speaking a very corrupt Tamil; san:ke_ta-udyo_ga secret exertion (Ka.lex.) vyavaha_ra-maulya-san:ke_tana appointment of the price in a transaction; keyma_d.u (to make signs or gestures with the hand; to represent the form of something by means of the hands; to appoint or fix the price or to agree about the price in a transaction, to conclude a bargain (Ka.lex.) Synonym: be_gu keyma_d.ene be_gembudartham i.e., agreement reached through hand-signals (Ka.lex.)

2889.Agreement; hospitality: san:gara a promise, an agreement; accepting, undertaking; a bargain; san:gr._ to promise, make a vow; to agree in calling; to recognize, acknowledge; san:gi_rn.a agreed or assented to; promised, vowed (Skt.lex.) cf. ge_n.i rent, contract (Ka.Tu.)(DEDR 1999). Partner in trade: an:ggi a relation, kinsman or kinswoman; a partner in trade; an:ggi kar a companion, a co-partner, agreement, acknowledgement; an:ggi kari companionship, co-partnership, relationship (P.lex.) an:gi_karo_ti agrees to, promises (Skt.); am.gi_karai promises (Pkt.); a~gerna_, a~gejna_ (H.)(CDIAL 133). sahi, suh promise (Santali.lex.) san:gara agreeing together; agreement, assent, promise (Ka.lex.) saka_r acceptance of a bill (P.N.); id.( H.M.); saka_r agreement (Marw.G.); svi_ka_ra agreement (Skt.); saka_r acceptance of bridegroom by the bride's family (K.); sakka_ra hospitality, reverence (Pali.Pkt.); sakka_ram. karo_ti bids farewell (Pali); satka_ra hospitality, kind treatment (Mn.); satkr. perform hospitality rites; set right, prepare, adorn, garnish, cremate; agni-satkr. burn (Skt.)(CDIAL 13108). saha-kr.t co-operating; a co-adjutor, associate, colleague; sahata_ union, association (Skt.lex.) Pretext: ca_kku excuse, pretext (Ta.); sa_ku id., pretence, palliation (Ka.); pretence, pretext, pleas, excuse (Te.)(DEDR 2428). Contract for cultivation: saeka, saekabondobo_so a contract by which one cultivates another's field and gives him in compensation, not a percentage of the produce, but a fixed amount, whether the crop be a success or failure; saeka-baba paddy given or received under a saeka-contract (Mu.lex.) cf. cey field, esp. wet field (Ta.); ceyi rice-field (Ma.); key, key(y)i, kay field (Ka.)(DEDR 1958). ja_ki_r < ja_gi_r (Pers.) tenure of land, common under Muhammadan government, by which the revenues of a certain tract of land were made over either unconditionally or on condition of performing some public service; hereditary assignment of land and of its rent as annuity (R.F.; I.M.P. 1819)(Ta.lex.) Rent in kind or money: ce_va_ rent in kind or money (Na_t.. Chet.t.i.) (Ta.)(Ta.lex.) Profession: cikal action, deed, profession (Ta.lex.) cae colon, cal conduct (Santali.lex.) cf. cey (-v-, -t-) to do, make, create; n. deed, act, action; ceykai deed, act, action, work, conduct, that which is manufactured; ceyti deed, act, action, occupation, conduct (Ta.)(DEDR 1957). saja, saja_, sajha_, sajhia a contract between people for pooling their money to buy something (Mu. H. Sadani); a contract by which the owner of animals and the one who grazes them, share them equally; a contract by which one lends his work or (and) his seeds in the cultivation of another's field for a proportionate share in the crop (Mu.)(Mu.lex.) sasan-gai a gratuity paid by the new settlers in a new Mankipati village, to those who sold them the site, for leave to make a sasan and thus become khuntkattidars; sasan-gor.a a high field near the sasan (Mu.lex.) cf. s'a_sana edict (Skt.lex.) ca.g (ca.yg-) (possessions) are moved from one house to another; ca.gc- to live, shift (possessions) from one house to another; sa_gu to go, move forward, be accomplished (Ka.); sa_gu, sa_ga advance; sa_gisu to cause to proceed or advance, carry on, manage (Ka.); sa_guni to proceed, progress (as work), be dispatched (as goods), move forward (Tu.); sa_ga_vuni to expedite (as work), send, dispatch (as goods) (Tu.); ca_gu, sa_gu to go on, advance, be successful; sa_gincu to conduct, proceed with (Te.); sa_ginai to manage (Kuwi); sa_g- (-it-) to spread out, file out, proceed (Kuwi)(DEDR 2430). satkr.tya absol. having treated with respect (Ya_j.); sakkacca, sakkaccam. respectfully (Pali); sakas good, beautiful (Si.)(CDIAL 13109). cuvi_kari < svi_kr. to take in, imbibe (Ci. Ci. 2,6, Civa_k.); to agree, accept (Ta.lex.) cuve_kam cover (Perun.. Makata. 1,121)(Ta.lex.) cattakam a funeral ceremony, in which seven kinds of things as rice, clothes, money, etc. are offered as gift to seven brahmans (W.)(Ta.lex.) satka_ra domestic rite in general, funeral rites (Skt.)(CDIAL 13108).

2890.Marriage ceremony: a_ngon., a_ngon. sa_ngon. vow (Kon.); a_ngon. sa_mba_l. keep a vow (Kon.); a_ngon. kar to vow (Kon.lex.) san:ga a friend, a companion, a comrade; san:ganrege satahedinae I am encouraged by my companion; san:gat used by brothers-in-law when addressing each other (Santali.lex.) sandhaor.e, sandhar.e to enter, to force oneself in, used by women and generally of a second wife; nenel tulucem sandhaor.e akana you went in with your eyes open; san. bhai a companion; san:gha to marry a second time, of a widower, widow or divorcee of either sex; san:ghaenan I (who have been previously married) have married (one who has also been previously married); san:ghakedea he (a widower or a divorcee) married her (a widow or divorcee); san:gha lot.om children of a former husband taken into the house of their mother's second husband (Santali.lex.) bahu a daughter-in-law, a son's wife, in some places simply a wife, the lady of the house, the mistress; gheu saware salna te vad.d.i bahu da nan. it is the ghee that flavours the vegetables, but the elder daughter-in-law gets the praise (proverb used of persons who become famous without much labour); bahut.i a wife, a bride (P.); bahut.pun.a wifehood, brideship (P.lex.) baha sa~oha~ a ceremony legalizing an irregular marriage (Santali); ba~iha~ a ceremony of brotherhood observed at a marriage my a member of the bridegroom's party and the Jog Manjhi of the bride's village, solatium, present; jog manjhi one of the officials of a Santal village; he acts as the censor of the morals of the youths and maidens of the village, and also is the assistant of Manjhi or Headman, in all matters in which the young people under his charge are concerned; manjhi a village chief, a village head-man, a Santal male; manjhi than the place in a village sacred to the spirits of the departed chiefs (Santali.lex.) sa_ngatva_si living together; cenobite; monj, monja_ cenobite (pagan); sa_n:ga_t company; sa_n:ga_t-pon. sociability; san:ga_ta_ postp. with, at the same time; sa_n:ga_ti fellow; accomplice; sa_n:god.o companion (Kon.lex.) baha sa~oha~ ceremony at marriage; ba~iha~ id.; bahuanic m., bihal era f. married; bapla biha, biha marriage; bahal, bahali happy, contented, light hearted; bahalao to make happy; bahao to exist, live, to last, wear well; bah free, at liberty, without restraint; bahbahia left to the freedom of one's own will, too much liberty allowed to a child, or a young person; independent, unrestrained, wealthy; bahbahiako kisa~r. akana they are so wealthy as to be independent (Santali.lex.)

2891.Image: bull: sanh a bull, a stallion; a large buffalo bull, a bullock after 4 years of age; sanhin. a stallion (P.lex.)

2892.Image: double sack for ox: san:kara a double sack for manure and grain to be carried on the back of a bullock (Ka.); sweepings, dust, off-scourings; mixing together (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) Image: armour: ja_gara, jagara, dagale mail, armour; javal.i, jo_d.u (Ka.); d.agale_m. (M.); dagale (Te.); a wide jacket or coat (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) Image: half-a-bullock load: ha~r.awa_y bag carried by bullocks in which drivers put their luggage (Bi.)(CDIAL 14051). a_har the dependent end of a sack thrown over a beast (P.)(CDIAL 1162). a~_khe~ half a bullock-load (M.); akkha_ one end of a bag or sack thrown over a beast of burden (L.P.); akha_ gunny bag (Or.); a_kha_, a~_kha_ grain bag carried by pack animal (Bi.); a_kha_ one of a pair of grain bags used as panniers (H.); akkhika mesh of a net (Pali); akho id. (S.); a~_kha_ netting in which coco-nuts, etc. are carried (Ma.)(CDIAL 17). jalakhri cord net for carrying goods on the head (Bi.Mth.) (CDIAL 5216). cf. an.d.ige one pannier or pack, half a bullock load (Ka.); an.d.emu, an.d.iyamu id.; ad.igamu a sort of pannier (Te.)(DEDR 127). Stirrup: an:ko_le stirrup (Tu.); an:kavanne, an:kavanniya, an:kemu id. (Te.); an:kavat.i, an:kapat.i id. (Ma.); an:gavad.i, an:ko_n.i, an:kavan.i id. (Ka.)(DEDR 32). an:kam couch, bed-stead, cot (Tiruppu. 128); an:kapat.i stirrup; an:kavat.i id. (Ta.)(T.E.D.) an:katam breast (Ta.lex.) an:ka-vat.i stirrup-bone (Ta.)(T.E.D.) Image: knapsack; a measure: cat.an:kam knapsack; a measure of weight = 16 tu_kku (Ta.); cf. Image: petticoat: s'a_t.akam, s'a_t.a, s'a_t.i_ cloth garment, petticoat (Skt.lex.) cf. san.-kat.a full of, crowded with, beset with, hemmed in (Skt.); can:kat.am < jangada ferry-boat of two canoes with a platform thereon (J.)(Ta.)(Ta.lex.) tu_kku a bazaar weight = 50 palams; standard weight = 1 tula_m = 100 palams; tu_kku a balance; yoke, piece of timber shaped to fit a person's shoulders and support pail etc. at each end (Tiva_.)(Ta.lex.)

2893.Image: pincers: sannhi pincers, a smith's vice (P.lex.)

2894.Store for grain: saka_r mud-built grain-receptacle; saka_ri_ store for grain, etc. (L.)(CDIAL 13108). An old store or hoard: jake_re an old store or hoard (Ka.H.); san:kala a pile, a collection, an accumulation, a quantity (Ka.lex.) kai-y-ar-ai small store-room, as in a temple (Ta.lex.) Store, hoard: cakke_ra_, cake_ra_ store, hoard (W.)(Ta.); zakhi_ra (U.)(Ta.lex.) jha_kn.e~ to cover (M.); jhakna_ cover of a grain pot (Bi.)(CDIAL 5317). cf. can:ka-niti one of the nine treasures fo Kube_ra (Te_va_. 1230,10)(Ta.lex.) cakkara-virutti compound interest (Can.. Aka.) (Ta.) (Ta.lex.) cakravr.ddhi (Te.Ka. Skt.) (Ka.lex.)

2895.Handsome: ca~_gat. handsome; can:ga_ good; ca~_g, ca~_gla_ good (M.); can:ga of good understanding (Skt.); handsome (Skt.); cam.ga clever, handsome (Pkt.); can. very (Sh.); can:go good (K.WPah.); can.o (S.); can:ga_ (L.P.); can.n.o (WPah.); ca_n.a_ restored to health (B.); can:ga_ good, sound, well (H.); can:go (N.); ca~_gla_ healthy (H.); can:ga_ indecl. good (H.); ca~_n:ga good (Konkan.i); aca_ga bad (D..); acan:gmato (K.)(CDIAL 4564). cf. saki, haki possible, capable, clever (Si.)(CDIAL 12253).

2896.Image: crackling of flames: sam.ka_ra crackling of flames; sam.kara id. (Skt.lex.)

2897.Dust, sweepings: sam.ka_ra dust, sweepings; sam.kara id.; sam.kr._ to scatter about, diffuse; sam.ki_rn.a shattered, spread, crowded (Skt.lex.)

2898.Image: to commingle or mix: sam.kr._ to mix, commingle or mix together; sam.kara commingling, mixture, intermixture; sam.ki_rn.a mixed together, intermingled (Skt.lex.)

2899.Related; property got by a woman from her husband: can:kira_ntittal < san.-kra_nta to become connected, related (Ci.Ci. 10,1, Ja_n-ap.)(Ta.lex.) sam.kra_ntam property got by a woman from her husband; passed through or entered into; transferred, devolved, entrusted; sam.kra_nti transference, giving over; sam.kra_nti going together, union; sam.krama to devolve, consign, entrust; to transfer; to deliver, hand over; to take possession of; to convey, lead towards; to promise mutual assistance (Skt.lex.) ba~h to encourage, to incite; to help, resource, opportunity; bahal to engage, to appoint to an office, to begin (Santali.lex.)

2900.Image: passage of sun: sam.kra_nti going from one place to another (Ma_rkP.); passage of a heavenly body from one sign to another (Su_ryas.); san:kanti transition (Pali); sam.kam.ti (Pkt.); sa~gra~_d (L.P.); sakra~_d passage of sun from one constellation to another (P.)(CDIAL 12835). sam.kra_nt solstice (Kon.lex.) sam.krama transition, traversing, transfer, progress; the passage of a planetary body through the zodiacal signs; sam.kraman.am passage; the sun's passage from one zodiacal sign to another; the day on which the summer solstice begins (Skt.lex.)

2902.Image: to go, walk; to throw back the head: san:gin distant, far, a long way; san:gar to go, to walk; oka habicpe da~r.a~ akat san:gar akat? to what distance, or to what point have you travelled? san:gil to look up, to raise or throw back the head; san:gil no~gokme look up a little; sim san:gilkate dakko nu~ia fowls raise the head to drink water (Santali.lex.)

2903.Image: revolving whetstone: san a revolving whetstone, used for sharpening razors, knives, etc., to grind on a whetstone, to sharpen, to whet; san lagite kol akata he has sent it to be whetted; holate sankeda he ground the razor; sasanic a grinder, a whetter (Santali.lex.)

2904.Image: mould: sanc, sa~ a mould, a matrix (Santali.lex.)

2905.Lustful: san:ka_l.ar < san:ga + lustful persons, as prostitutes (Tiruppu. 748)(Ta.lex.) sana wish, desire, lust, will, to wish, to desire, to lust; lajao ho~ ban. sanae he has no feeling of shake; calak sanaedin kana I have a desire to go; san.dgaria m., chandgaria f. a shameless, lustful person; san.d.gar, san.d.gur m., chandgar f. a shameless, lustful person, having the propensities of a bull; san.d.hin a quey, a heifer; san.d.i a cock (Santali.lex,)

2906.Image: Adam's apple: can:kam Adam's apple (Ta.lex.)

2907.Lingayats: can:kamar < jan:gama a class of Vi_ras'aivas, Linga_yats; can:kamam devotees as viewed collectively; can:kama_n.t.i a sect of linga_yats (Tinn.)(Ta.) (Ta.lex.)

2908.Customs, excise: cakka_ttu < zaka_t (U.) anything obtained free or gratis (Tinn.); cakke_ra_ < zakhi_ra (U.) store, hoard (W.)(Ta.lex.) jakai customs, excise (Ka.); jaka_ta (M.H.)(Ka.lex.)

2909.Image: a lute: can:gu a jew's harp (Ka.); can:ga (M.H.); cen:gu (Te.)(Ka.lex.) cako_t.am a lute with 16 strings; cako_t.a-ya_r.. (Cilap. 3,26, Urai.)(Ta.)(Ta.lex.) cen:ko_t.t.i-ya_r.. a kind of stringed musical instrument, one of four kinds of ya_r.. (Ta.lex.) can:kut.t.am < san.-ghus.t.a echo, reverberation (Ta.)(Ta.lex.) Image: body of the lute: akal.am body of the lute as shaped like a bowl (Ta.)(DEDR 9).

2910.Images: copulation (of animals); dashing together: san:gha_, san:ga_ copulation (of animals); adj. bulled (of a cow)(Or.); sam.gha_ta dashing together (MBh.)(CDIAL 12862). san:gha_iba_ put a cow to bull; (of a bull) to copulate (Or.); san:gha_tanika in cmpd. 'binding together' (Pali); sam.gha_yai joins (Pkt.)(CDIAL 12863). can:kamam sexual intercourse; can:kam id. (Tiruppu. 556)(Ta.lex.) sa_n:ga coitus, union (OB.)(CDIAL 13082). Images: woman's pudenda; copulation: ce~_kh, ce~_ki woman's pudenda (K.); cin. vulva (Wg.)(CDIAL 4778). Image: copulation of bull and cow: ce_mar-i copulation of bull and cow (W.); ce_ma_r-i gelder (Nan-. 138, Mayilai.) (Ta.lex.) Image: to copulate: cikn.o to deflower; cikan.i copulation (Ku.); ciknu to copulate (of man); cika_unu to copulate (of woman); cikan.u to distil, ooze out (of pus); cika_in.u to distil, fatigue (S.); cikkn.u_ to press down lower portion of loom with the feet, grasp, seize (WPah.)(CDIAL 4778). Image: to copulate: cukku to copulate (Ta.); tcokku id. (Te.); cukku to perform, execute; cukna (U.); cukakka_ran- pleasure-seeker; person bred in the lap of luxury; whoremonger (Ta.lex.) Image: copulation of animals: gar.ha_van. to bring buffalo cow to bull (L.); gar.hn.a_ to copulate with (of bull or buffalo)(P.)(CDIAL 12862). can:ka_t.t.am union, intercourse (can:ka_t.t.an tavirttu : Te_va_. 655,1)(Ta.lex.) gar.ha_van. to bring buffalo-cow to bull (L.); gar.hn.a_ to copulate with (of bull or buffalo)(P.)(CDIAL 3966). cf. kat.t.u- to hug, embrace; to marry (Ta.lex.) jhakn.a_ to be passionate (P.); jha~_kan jerking, passionate reproof (B.); jhakoln.a_ to shake (P.)(CDIAL 5316).

2911.Image: thighs and hips: jan:gha_ lower leg (Skt.Pali); calf of leg (Or.); shank (ankle to knee)(RV.); can:g thigh, knee (Gy.); ja_n. calf of leg (Pas'.); zang leg (K.); ja~g, jan:gh leg (from hip down)(L.); jan:gha leg (S.); jan:gh thigh (P.); leg (WPah.); ja_n. thigh, leg (B.); thigh (Ku.); id., hip (N.); ja~_gh id. (N.); thigh (Mth.Aw.H.G.M.); za_n. leg (A.); ja~_n.i thigh, leg (B.); jan:gha thighs and hips (Or.); ja_n:ga thigh (Konkan.i); dangaya calf of leg (Si.)(CDIAL 5082). can:kai shank, part of the leg between the ankle and the knee (Tiruvil.ai. Uk. 35)(Ta.) (Ta.lex.) don:ga, d.eke, d.uke the hip (Santali.lex.) jaghana hinder part, hip and loins, mons veneris (RV.); loins, buttocks (Pali); jahan.a (Pkt.); duvana hip, lap (Si.)(CDIAL 5077). je_n:g shin-bone (Bshk.)(CDIAL 5084). Breeches: iza_r, izra_ breeches, close undergarment (Kon.lex.) ja_n:ghia_ short breeches (P.); ja~_ghiya_ drawers (N.B.); ja_n.iya_ (B.); jan:ghia_ (Or.); ja~_ghiyo (G.)(CDIAL 5178). Full piece of cloth; to stretch out: ca~_pu a full piece of cloth (Te.); to extend, stretch, lengthen; n. extending, stretch, extent, length (Te.); sa_gu to lengthen, extend (Ka.); sa_hpa (sa_ht), sa_spa (sa_st) to stretch across (web, tendril), to stretch out (Kui); sa~_gu to extend, lengthen, expand, spread out (Te.); ca_mpu length, stretch (Ma.); ca_pu stretch, length, extent (Ka.); jambu length (Ka.); sa_geng to stretch (Kol.); sa_hata_na_ to stretch out (one's hands or feet as women do when fighting)(Go.); sa_ng to spread as a creeper (Go.); sa_g (body or limbs) to be stretched out to full length (Kond.a); ja_c to stretch (Pe.); ja_njinai to outstretch (Kuwi)(DEDR 2433). Extending: ca_cu to stretch out, extend, stretch forth; ca_pu stretch, length, extent; ja_gisu to stretch or raise (the body to its full extent)(Ka.); ca.c (ca.ci-) to stretch out (hand)(Kod..); straighten (Kod..); ca_cuni to stretch out (Tu.); ca~_gu to be stretched or extended; extend, lengthen; ca~_cu to extend, stretch, lengthen; ca~_ id.; n. extending, stretch, extent, length (Te.); sa_hata_na_ (sa_hc-) to stretch out (one's hands or feet as women do when fighting)(Go.); sa_hca_na_, sa_hta_na_ to make to grow or spread; ca_ha_na_ to stretch; ha_h- to spread, extend; a_ng- to be stretched out (Go.); sa_hpa (sa_ht-), sa_spa (sa_st-) to stretch out, lengthen out (lims), stretch across (web, tendril)(Kui); ha_h'nai (ha_st-) to stretch (hands, etc.)(Kui)(DEDR 2433). Stretch; image: to turn on a lathe: a_chati stretches, draws, sets (a bone)(Sus'r.); acati turns on a lathe, pulls (Pali); am.chai drags (Pkt.); ho~_c (with re. o~_ < a_n) to pull, drag (Kal.)(CDIAL 1099). cf. a_jya clarified butter (RV.);[?produced by churning]; ajja (Pkt.); a_j (B.)(CDIAL 1097). cf. cha_chi_ buttermilk (S.)(CDIAL 5012). ayam.chai pulls, ploughs, draws a line; aim.chai surpasses; aim.chan.a pulling, transgressing (Pkt.); a_im.chai, a_am.chai pulls, ploughs (Pkt.); ai~c pressure (Ku.); ai~cnu to press (N.); ai~cinu to be pressed or pulled; ai~cya_unu to pull up (a horse)(N.); ai~cna_, i~_cna_ to pull (H.); e~cvu~ (G.)(CDIAL 210). achati, acati (in meaning = a_kad.d.hati; Skt. a_ka_rs.ayati; Jain Pkt. am.cha_vei = achati)(cf. Ta. kat.ai churn) to pull, drag, pull along, to turn on a lathe; bhamaka_ro di_gham. achati; udakam. achati (pulling the water up from a well) = udakam. a_kkad.d.hati; ajati to stretch, pull, pull along, draw out, erect ?= r.jati, r.jyati (Skt.) ?or r.ju straight (Skt.)(Pali.lex.)[cf. Semant. 'pull, press' in: an:kavat.i, an:kapat.i stirrup (Ta.); an:kavat.i, an:kapat.i id. (Ma.); an:gavad.i, an:ko_n.i, an:kavan.i id. (Ka.); an:ko_le id. (Tu.); an:kavanne, an:kavanniya, an:kemu id. (Te.)(DEDR 32)]. Image: legs stretched apart: cqle to stretch the legs apart; cqlo one who walks with legs stretched apart; cqltre to cause the legs to be stretched apart (Malt.); ca_t.u (ca_t.i-) to stretch out as the arms and legs from lassitude (Ta.); ja_pu the measure of a long stride (Ka.); da_pu stretch, etc.; the measure of a stride (Ka.)(DEDR 2433). teln.jo to stretch the legs (Santali.lex.) sa_gu to lengthen, extend (Ka.); ca~_gu to be stretched or extended; ca~_cu to extend, stretch, lengthen (Te.); sa~_gu to extend, lengthen, spread out (Te.); sa_geng to stretch (Kol.); sa_hata_na_ (sa_hc-) to stretch out (one's hands or feet as women do when fighting); sa_nga_na_, sa_ng- to spread as a creeper; a_n.- to stretch, be elongated (Go.); sa_k- to stretch out (fingers, limbs)(Kond.a); sa_kar.i a span (Kui)(DEDR 2433). ciga cage straddling; ciga cageye dar.an kana he goes straddling (Santali.lex.) Image: to stretch out legs: ca_t.u to stretch out, as the arms or legs from lassitude (Ta.); tca_cu id. (Te.); ca_cu id. (Ka.Tu.)(Ta.lex.) Image: to stretch; to prostrate: sa~_gu to prostrate oneself; ca~_gu to fall prostrate; ca~_gilu to prostrate oneself, lie down, recline; ca~_gilinta prostrating oneself before an idol; sa~_gabad.u, sa~_gilabad.u to fall down at full length (Te.); sa_g- (-it-) (body or limbs) to be stretched out to full length; sa_p- to stretch out (tongue, hands, legs)(Kond.a); sa_hpa (sa_ht-), sa_spa (sa_st-) to stretch out, lengthen out (limbs), stretch across (web, tendril)(Kui)(DEDR 2433). sa~r.gom to prostrate; ti jan:gare gid.i to prostrate oneself (Santali.lex.) cf. sa_s.t.a_n:ga lit. with all eight limbs (Skt.lex.) Pace: zanga pace (Kol.); janga step, stride (Pa.); jan:ge a stride (Ka.); jan:ga, an:ga id. (Te.)(DEDR 2286). Image: a stride: ja_pu the measure of a long stride (Ka.); da_pu stretch, etc.; the measure of a stride (Ka.)(DEDR 2433).

2912.United: san:ghvi_ leader of a body of pilgrims, a partic. surname (G.); sam.ghapati chief of a brotherhood (Skt.)(CDIAL 12857). sam.gata united (AV.); union (MBh.); sam.gati meeting (RV.); san:gata met (Pali); sam.gaya union; met (Pkt.)(CDIAL 12844). Image: pegged together: san:ghat.ita pegged together (Pali); sam.ghat.ayati joins together (Skt.); sam.ghad.ia joined; caus. sam.ghad.a_ve_i (Pkt.); sa~_gad.n.e~ to link together (M.)(CDIAL 12855). Companion: san:gad.a (Tadbhava of san:gha_ta) closely joined or united, joined; junction, union, company; san:gad.i a companion; a means, that by the help of which an end is attained; san:ga_ta union, association, company; with, together with; san:ga going together; coming together; joining, uniting; san:gad.iga a companion, an associate, a friend; san:gad.iga-tana intimacy, friendship; san:gi going with or to, uniting with, flowing together; full of attachment or devotion, attached, fond of san:gad.igisu, san:gal.isu union ot take place; to be one; to be closely joined or united; san:gal.isu to be joined, combined, mingled or mixed; to be brought about, to be produced; to produce; san:ghat.t.a, san:ghat.a meeting, joining together; san:ghat.t.ana, san:ghat.ana, san:ghat.t.a close contact, contact, union, junction, cleaving or adhering to; san:ghat.t.i a companion, a follower; san:gha_ti a companion, an associate, a friend (Ka.lex.) sa_ngata vots go with, e.g. join bad company; dusma_na sa_ngata vots join the enemy; sa_nga_ti companion; sa_nga_t company (Kon.lex.)

2913.Number of friends: san:ga_ti-macce marks on the body said to indicate the number of a person's friends (in children's language) (Ka.) (Ka.lex.) Text-book on Hindu law: can:kalikitam < s'an:kha-likhita a Sanskrit text-book on Hindu law ascribed to two sages, S'an:kha and Likhita, one of 18 taruma-nu_l (Ta.lex.) can:kari_karan.am mixing of castes < s'an:kari_karan.a; can:karan < san.-kara a person born of a mixed caste, hybrid (Civaraka. Civat.un.t.i. 46); can:kara-ca_ti < san:kara + mixed castes (Ci_vaka. 116, Urai); ca_n:karam mixed caste (Tiruva_n-aik. Nakarap. 64); ca_n:karar persons of mixed caste (Tiruva_n-aik. Ko_ccen.. 24); ca_n:kamila_r < san:gha + outcastes (Tiruppu. 589); ca_n:karya mixture (Civacama. 40); ca_n:kari_yam that which is mixed, as caste (Ce_tupu. Tan-uk. 24)(Ta.lex.) sam.kara mixing (esp. of castes)(Mn.); anything defiled (MBh.); sam.kara, sam.gara mixture of castes (Pkt.)(CDIAL 12818). Mixture of copper and gold: sa~_ka_, sa_ka_ a mixture of copper and inferior gold for soldering trinkets (M.)(CDIAL 12829).

2915.Image: swallowing: san:gara swallowing up, devouring (Ka.lex.)

2916.Movable property: can:kam movable property (Varata. Pa_kavata. Na_racin:ka. 116); can:kamam movable property, opp. to ta_varam (Ta.lex.) jan:gama moving (AitUp.Pali); jam.gama (Pkt.); da_n:guma motion, going to and fro (Si.)(CDIAL 5079). can:kamam living creatures, as capable of locomotion, opp. to ta_varam (Tiruva_ca. 1,30). Good fortune: s'an:kara, san:kara causing happiness, conferring good fortune; S'iva (Ka.lex.) Whole, complete with parts: sakala with parts, divided (MaitrUp.); whole (Ka_tyS'r.); sakala all, complete (Pali); all, every (As'.); sayala all, whole (Pkt.); xayala (A.); saala (OB.); sayala, sayala (OG.); siyalu (Si.)(CDIAL 13066). cakalam all, the whole (Uttarara_. Acuvame_ta. 1)(Ta.lex.) Everything: jhan:gae pot.ae everything, every one (Santali.lex.) Material phenomena: jogao to treasure up; sumbhrau to experience; hewa jaora to gain experience (Santali.lex.) sankhata put together, compound; conditioned, produced by a combination of causes, 'created'; sankharoti to put together, prepare, work (Pali) (Pali.lex.) can:kamam movable property (Ta.lex.) can:ka-niti one of the nine treasures of Kube_ra (can:kaniti patuma niti yiran.t.un tantu : Te_va_. 1230,10)(Ta.lex.) cf. cin:ka_ram < s'r.n:ga_ra decoration, embellishment, beauty, especially artificial (Pan.avit.u. 85) (Ta.lex.) Mixed together; filtered: sa~_gwa_n.a_ to collect together (H.); sam.gamayati brings together (AV.)(CDIAL 12847). sam.kr.ti bringing together (TS.)(CDIAL 12830). san:ghat.ayati joins together (Skt.); san:ghat.ita pegged together (Pali); sam.ghad.ia joined; caus. sam.ghad.a_ve_i (Pkt.); sa~_gad.n.e~ to link together (M.)(CDIAL 12855). sagghn.a_, san:ghn.a_ thick, close together (L.); san:ghn.a_ (P.)(CDIAL 12856). sam.ks.a_ra flowing together (Skt.); ha~kha_ro dregs left behind in cloth after filtering (G.)(CDIAL 12837). ha~kha_rvu~ to filter, purify, cleanse (G.); sam.ks.a_lana cleansing water (A_pS'r.); sam.ks.arati flows together (RV.)(CDIAL 12838). sam.kr.s.t.a drawn together (Ka_tyS'r.); sam.kars.ati (AV.); sam.kat.t.ha, sam.kit.t.ha scraped together (Pkt.); sa~get.hnu, sa~get.nu to collect greedily, hoard (N.)(CDIAL 12831). sa~ga_lnu to collect together (N.); sam.kalayati heaps together (Sus'r.); san:kalana addition (Pali); sam.kalia collected together (Pkt.)(CDIAL 12822). sam.kara mixing (Mn.)(CDIAL 12818). sam.kirati bestows liberally (RV.); mixes together (MBh.); sam.ki_rn.a pp. (Ya_j.); san:kin.n.a mixed (Pali); sakilna_ to collect, accumulate, purse, shrink (H.); sam.kin.n.a closely packed (Pkt.); sakinu scattered, confused, mixed (Si.)(CDIAL 12823). sankha_ra "one of the most difficult terms in Buddhist metaphysics, in which the blending of the subjective-objective view of the world and of happening peculiar to the East, is so complete, that it is almost impossible for Occidental terminology to get at the root of its meaning in a translation..." Lit. 'preparation, get up'; constituent, constituent potentiality; pl. synergies, cause-combination; composition, aggregate; one of the constitutional elements of physical life; cf. khandha [khandha (Pali); skandha (Skt.) bulk, massiveness (gross) substance; in collective sense 'all that is comprised under']; sankha_ra life experiences; sabbe sankha_ra_ everything, all physical and visible life, all creation; sankha_ra_ are in the widest sense the 'world of phenomena', all things which have been made by pre-existing causes; sabbe sankha_ra_ all the things of this world; the material and transitory world; sankha_ra-khandha the aggregate of (mental) coefficients; sankha_ra-loka the material world, the world of formation (or phenomena), creation, loka 'per se' as contrasted with satta-loka, the world of (morally responsible) beings (Pali)(Pali.lex.) cf. jan:gama moving (AitUp.)(CDIAL 5079). Collection: sam.kr._ to scatter, bestow liberally (VS. xxvii.38)(Vedic.lex.) cf. ca~_xna_ to scatter seed (Kur.); cge to scatter (Malt.)(DEDR 2431). san:gha_r.iba_ to mix up many materials, stir boiling curry, tie two cattle together and leave to graze (Or.); sam.gha_t.ayati joins together (Skt.)(CDIAL 12860). sa~gaha_ collection of materials (e.g. for building)(H.); sam.graha collection (Mn.); holding together (MBh.); san:gaha collection (Pali); sam.gaha (Pkt.); sa~_gah building materials (Bi.)(CDIAL 12852). cf. sam.cai collects (Skt.); sa~_jn.o, sa~_cn.o to collect, store (Ku.); sa~_cnu (N.); xa~_siba to hoard (A.); saciba_, chaciba_ to store up (Or.); sacab to store (Mth.); sacna_ to collect, store (H.); sa~_cvu~ to collect (G.); sam.cin.em. to collect (OM.); sa~_cn.e~, sa~_cavin.e~ to accumulate (M.)(CDIAL 12867). ce_nti granary; lof (Ta.)(Ta.lex.) cf. ce_karam acquisition, collection, gathering, family, tribe, district, station; ce_kari (-pp-, -tt-) to acquire, collect, assemble (Ta.); s'e_kharam assemblage, heap (Ma.); se_karamu collection, amassing (Te.); se_karincu to save, collect, amass, obtain, procure (Te.)(DEDR 2801). sa~get.hnu, sa~get.nu to collect greedily, hoard (N.); sam.kat.t.ha, sam.kit.t.ha scraped together (Pkt.); sam.kr.s.t.a drawn together (Ka_tyS'r.); sam.kars.ati (AV.)(CDIAL 12831). sam.gha_ta close union, mass (TS.); closing (a door)(VS.); dashing together (MBh.); killing, knocking together (Pali); sam.gha_ya closeness, collection (Pkt.)(CDIAL 12862). sam.gha collection (Pkt.); san:ga collection (Si.)(CDIAL 12854). sam.gha_t.ayati joins together; causes to collect (Skt.); san:gha_r.iba_ to mix up many materials, stir boiling curry, tie two cattle together and leave to graze (Or.)(CDIAL 12860). sam.graha collection (Mn.); holding together (MBh.); san:gaha collection (Pali); sam.gaha (Pkt.); sa~_gah building materials (Bi.); sa~_gah the plough and all its appurtenances (Mth.); har-sa~_ga (Bhoj.); sa~gaha_ collection of materials (e.g. for building)(H.); san:gaha compilation (Si.)(CDIAL 12852). san:grah to collect, gather, accumulate, hoard; to grasp, lay hold of; to take, receive, accept; san:gr.hi_ta gathered, collected, stored; received, accepted; san:graha reception, admission; storing, accumulation, gathering, collecting (Skt.lex.) sa~gwa_na_ to collect (H.)(CDIAL 13082). sa~gwa_n.a_ to collect together (H.); sam.gamayati brings together (AV.)(CDIAL 12847).

2917.Slackness: jank- slackness (of rope); jang- (jangy-) (rope or waistcloth) becomes slack or loose, (handle of tool) is loose (Ko.); jan:gal.a slackness, looseness; jarur.. to move off, slip, drop down (Ka.); jan:ga_l.am a loose-garment (Te.)(DEDR 2283). s'rathana, s'lathati is loose (Skt.); lahanum to be slack (K.)(CDIAL 12733). kar..al (kar..alv-, kar..an-r--) to become loose (as a fastening, shoe, handle, hair, part of any mechanism), be unhinged, slip off, fall out (as a loose tooth)(Ta.); kar..aluka to slip; kar..ar-r-uka to slip off, put off; kar..iyuka to become loose (Ma.); kar..al to slip off, drop down, get loose (Ka.); kal.e to become loose; kal.acu to become loose; kal.a state of being loose (Ka.); kr.an(g)- (kr.ant-) to be or become loose; kr.angi ki- to loosen (Pe.); kr.enga (kr.engi-) to be shaken (Kui)(DEDR 1349).

2918.Garment: san:gal.a, han:gala double cloth of monks (Si.); sam.gha_t.i_ a kind of garment (Sus'r.); monk's waist cloth (BHSkt.); san:gha_t.i_ one of three garments of a monk (Pali); sam.gha_d.i_ outer garment (Pkt.)(CDIAL 12861). Image: wooden frame used by bhikkhus to make robes: kat.hina a wooden frame used by the bhikkhus in sewing their robes; kat.hina man.d.apa a shed in which the bhikkhus stitched their k. cloth into robes; kat.hina-rajju string used to fix the k. cloth onto the frame; kat.hina-dussa the k. cloth; kat.hina-ci_vara a k. robe made of k. cloth; kat.hina-attharan.a the dedication of the k. cloth (Pali.lex.) Images: ragged cloth; upper garment: sa_huli_, sa_hulia_ cloth (Pkt.); saur., saur.h quilt, quilt worn as a cloak (P.); saur. blanket (Ku.); ser.ⁱ portion of sa_r.i_ drawn over the eyes as a veil; ser.o upper garment of men or women (G.); sa_hula-ci_vara a coarse cloth; sa_hunna, sa_hun.d.a strip of ragged cloth (Pali)(CDIAL 13382). slu a fine red cloth (K.); sa_lu_ fine upper garment worn by women (P.); sa_lu (N.B.H.); sa_l.u (Or.Marw.G.); s'a_lu_ fine red cloth (M.)(CDIAL 13372). cf. ja_ju, ja_du colour of red ochre, red colour (Ka.); redness (Te.)(DEDR 2437).

2919.Image: long hair: jha~_kro hair allowed to grow long and left uncombed (N.); jhakut.o woman's hair (Phal.)(CDIAL 5323). Images: mane; dishevelled hair: jakur hair on head and body (Sh.); zo.k^u hair of female privities (K.); jagot.a_ plaited hair worn round loins by faqirs (P.); jagar mane (N.); jagat.o tangled hair; jagalt.o matted and dishevelled hair (N.)(CDIAL 5075). Mane: koy to bristle, as manes of a horse (Malaipat.u. 572); koyyul.ai horse's mane (Cilap. 26,134); horse (Ja_n-a_. 7,18)(Ta.lex.) saghana thick (of hair)(Skt.); sahan thick (Aw.)(CDIAL 13079). sagghn.a_, san:ghn.a_ thick, close together (L.); san:ghn.a_ (P.)(CDIAL 12856). carhi a mane (Santali.lex.) {Echo word}: cf. jat.a_ hair twisted together (Pa_rGr..); matted hair, tangled boughs (Pali); s'at.a_ ascetic's matted hair (Skt.); sat.a_ braid of hair, lion;s mane (MBh.); jad.a_ tangled or braided hair (Pkt.); zara hair on scalp (esp. of infant)(K.); zar-ban medicinal herb (A.); jar. root; jar.i-but.i medicines (B.); jari_ root of medicinal herb (OAw.); jar.ya~_ pl. root fibres (G.); jet.r.i locks of hair (WPah.); ja_t. sheep's wool (G.); jar hair (Gypsy)(CDIAL 5086). ca~oar long hairs in the tail of a horse or cow (Santali.lex.) cf. so_r.a a hair (Kui)(DEDR 2894). cf. cun:ku the end of a cloth (Te.)(DEDR 2648). cf. ul.ai mane, esp. of a horse or lion (Net.unal. 93); man's hair (Iraku. Te_n-uva. 34)(Ta.); head (Pur-ana_. 22,21); hair plume on a horse's head (Ain:kur-u. 13); hair of head (Ta.); ul.a mane of lion (Ma.)(DEDR 701). cf. so_r.a a hair (Kui); hora a single hair of the beard (Kuwi); ho_r.a beard (Kuwi)(DEDR 2894). ullakasana erection of the hair on the body (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) jun:gu pubic hair (Ka.); ju_n.a_ moustache (Ku.); ju~gha_, jun.a_ (N.); cun. beard (Kal.)(CDIAL 5254). Hair; bundle: ju_t.a twisted hair (Skt.); ju_d.a (Pkt.); ju_r.o hair tied in a knot on crown (S.); ju_r.a_ (L.); Sikh's knot of hair, broom (P.); ju_r.i_ small knot of hair, small broom, bundle of jute or tobacco leaves (P.); juro woman's knot of hair (N.); zur leaves of jute plant tied together for cooking; zuri wisp of grass tied round a tree (A.); jur.a_ hair tied in a knot (Or.); ju_ra_, ju_r.a_ (Mth.); ju_r.a_ (H.); ju_r.i_ bunch, bundle (G.); jul.i_ bundle of leaves; jud.a_, jud.i_ knot of hair, bunch, bundle (M.); jun.d.a_ pl. short hairs (S.)(CDIAL 5258). reg- (-it-) (skin) to be flayed; rek- (-t-) to flay (Kond.a); rin(g)- (rint-) to be unloosened; rik- (-t-) to loosen, untie (Pe.); rik- to untie (Mand..); sring (sringi-) to be loosened, untied, freed, released; sripka (< srik-p-; srikt-) to loosen, untie, unbind, free, release (Kui); ringali to be uncoiled, dishevelled; rikhali to unroll, dishevel; rikh'nai to loose, rip; rikknai to unfold, undo (Kuwi)(DEDR 2557).

2920.Images: snare; seize; intricate knot: cikkal tangle, complication; cikkal-pikkal id. ; cikkar-uttal to untie a knot; to settle an intricate business; to cut the Gordian knot; cikkutal to become entangled, complicated; to be tightened, as a knot (Pa_rata. Va_ran.a_. 5)(Ta.); sikku (Ka.); cikku to be caught, ensnared (Ci_vaka. 1890)(Ta.); cikku id. (Te.Ma.); cikku tangle, twist (Kampara_. Cittira. 32)(Ta.); cikku (Te.); sikku (Ka.); cikku intricacy, complication (Ta.); snare, entanglement (Ta.); being caught or entangled (Ta.)(Ta.lex.) sakuwa_ knotted, jointed (A.)(CDIAL 4560). Image: knot: san:kat.aka the loop or knot of strings (Ka.lex.) sikkisu to cause to become entangled or ensnared; sikku, sigu, sirku, siliku, siluku, silku to become entangled (Ka.); sikku (Te.); cikku (Ta.Ma.); tikku, sikku (Tu.); sikkudale an entangled head of hair; sikku bid.isu to disentangle (as hair or thread)(Ka.)(Ka.lex.) cf. cikku (cikki-) to become entangled, complicated, be caught, ensnared, be obtained; n. tangle, twist, intricacy, snare, entanglement; cikk-en-a firmly, tenaciously, tightly, closely; cin:ku (cin:ki-) to be caught; ikal intricacy, obscurity, involvedness; cit.ukku a tangle (Ta.); cikku being entangled, intricacy; cikkuka to be entangled (Ma.); cik- (ciky-) to be caught, get in trouble, be got, obtained; cikc- to make to be caught, get, obtain; tik tangle in the hair (Ko.); sikku, sigu (sikk-) , sirku, siliku, siluku, silku to become entangled, be caught, fall into the hands of, be got; sikku, sirku, silku state of being entangled, entanglement, intricacy, impediment, obstacle, trouble (Ka.); cikk- (cikki-) to become entangled (Kod..); sikkuni, tikkuni to be ensnared, caught, seized, obtained; sikka_vuni, tikka_vuni to ensnare, entangle, button; sikku, tikku entanglement, intricacy, perplexity, distress; sikkat.t.u, tikkat.t.u labyrinth, intricacy; tikkat.uni to be matted, be entangled, intricate; silkuni to be entangled, be perplexed; salkuni to be entangled; salka_vuni to entangle; tirku, sirku entanglement, difficulty (Tu.); cikku to be entangled, ensnared, be obtained, got, come to hand; n. a tangle, intricacy, difficulty, trouble (Te.); sik- (sikt-) to hang; sikip- (sikipt-) id.; sikkeng to get stuck (Kol.); cirn:g- to get stuck, entangled, trapped; cirkip- (cirkit-) to trap, snare (Pa.); sikku entanglement (Ga.); jirka_na_ to be caught on thorns, esp. of clothes; jirksa_na_ to stick; jirka_na_, jirksa_na_ to get stuck; caus. jirksahta_na_; hirk- to be trapped; hirk- to get stuck; caus. hirh-/hirih- to trap animals; ark-, irk- to get stuck; hilka_na_ to be caught up, entangled, or stuck in anything; hilga_na_ to entangle (Go.); sikku_ aiyali to be tangled; cikku ki_nai to snare (Kuwi)(DEDR 2498). cf. ciluku trouble (Ta.)(DEDR 2567). cf. jha_l tassel of hair (M.)(CDIAL 5357).

2921.Images: comb; to disentangle: cikkam comb; cikkar-u (cikkar-i-) to disentangle; cikkar-ukki a kind of comb (Ta.); cikkuka to disentangle, dry and dress the hair after bathing; cikkar-ukkuka to disentangle, comb out; cikkar-ukki a comb (Ma.); sikkat.i, sikkat.ige, sikkan.ige id. (Ka.); cikkan.t.u, cikkan.t.e a sort of long comb with a few big teeth (Te.)(DEDR 2497). ks.e comb (Kt.); kshe_ wisp (Baashg.); us.ugu comb, sapula (Pr.); kuz.et.i_ comb (Pas'.)(CDIAL 2970). cf. cilukku tooth of a saw, barb (Ta.)(DEDR 2568). Image: comb, heron: koccha a comb (for hair-dressing); koccha-ka_ra a comb-maker; koca (Pali)[krauca, kruc (Skt.) the heron, often referred to in combination with mayu_ra peacock or with hansa swan](Pali.lex.) Image: upper part of a comb: kir.a to comb (Kond.a); kilpa a variety of comb (Kond.a); kir.pa a comb (Kond.a); kille upper part of a comb (Go.); gir. to comb (Pe.); kulpa (kult-) to separate, take out weeds, comb the hair (?Kui); kin.- (-h-), kit.- (-it-) to comb (Kuwi); kirha-ko_dali, kinha kod.d.inai to comb oneself (Kuwi)(DEDR 1582). Image: comb: ki_pid a comb (Pa.); ci_ppu a comb (Ta.); ci_ka to comb (Ma.); ci_ppi a comb (Ma.); ci_rppu a comb (Ma.); ki.c to comb (To.); si_pe comb (Ka.); ci.pi a comb (Kod..); ci_pu, si_pu, cimpu a comb or cluster of plantains (Tu.); ci_pu id. (Te.)(DEDR 1610). Image: comb for removing nits: si_reni, si_rer.i comb (Kui); tiruvan.a nit-pick (Tu.); ti_ru, ci_ru, si_ru nit (Tu.); si_ran.ige, i_r-an.ige comb for nits or lice (Ka.); ciguru nit (Ka.); ci.ri id. (Kod..); ti_ru, ci_ru, si_ru nit (Tu.); tiruvan.a nit-pick (Tu.); i_ru, i_pi nit (Te.); i_r(u)cu to comb out nits (Te.); i_r(u)pena comb for removing nits (Te.); i_rs to comb (Ga..); si_reni, si_rer.i comb (Kui); cirni_ comb for removing nits (Go.); hi_ru nit (Kuwi); ci_r id. (Kur.); i_ruka to comb hair (Ma.); i_r nit (Ta.); i_rppi id. (Ta.); i_r to comb out nits (Ka.)(DEDR 2625). Image: comb: cikkar-ukki a kind of comb (W.)(Ta.); id. (Ma.) (Ta.lex.)

2922.Image: to seize; to pull: tigiyu, tigucu, tiviyu, tivucu, tivvu, tivu, tiyyu to pull, draw, drag, attract, take (Te.); ti_yu, tiyyu to take, remove, take away, subtract; withdraw, diminish, be reduced, subside as a tide (Te.); tekku (tekki-) to receive, take (Ta.); tevvu (tevvi-) to get, take, obtain, seize, grasp, steal (Ta.); tev, tevvu, tevu seizing, taking (Ta.); te_ acquiring (Ta.); tev- (tevd-) (woman) thins walls of pot in preparation for closing the bottom (Ko.); (tevt-) (woman) makes clay rise in cylinder in throwing pot (Ko.); tege, tegu, tegi to draw towards oneself, take, take away; become less or diminish; tege taking, etc. (Ka.); teguni to take (Tu.)(DEDR 3407).

2923.Edible green vegetables: ce_xel greens (Kur.); ar.xa_-ce_xel the vegetable kingdom, plants in general; [cf. ar.xa_ any leguminous plant or eatable greens (Kur.); at.aku greens, edible leaves; at.ai leaf, betel leaf, greens (Ta.); d.a_ga-, d.a_ya edible green vegetables (Pkt.)(DEDR 59); Images: leaf; eyelid: itar.., atar.. petal, palmyra leaf, eyelid (Ta.); ital. flower leaf, ovaria of fish; ita sprout, shoot, tender leaf; itaykkuka to sprout (Ma.); esal., esar.. petal, small twig with leaves (Ka.); esal.u petal, leaf (Tu.)(DEDR 459)]; ceglu small branches (Malt.)(DEDR 2789). Leaf: eg, e_g, ye_g leaf (Kol.); eg (Nk.); eg(u), evgu id. (Nk.); ev id. (Pa.); eg, egu, e_g id. (Ga.)(DEDR 775). Image: leaf: erek, reki leaf-umbrella (Go.); reki, rek leaf-hat (Go.); jekki a leaf-hat (jappi)(Kuwi)(DEDR 821). Branch: ege small branch, sprout (Ka.); en:kli thin branch (Ka.); egg a branch, bough (Tu.); eggelu a small branch (Tu.); enkili branch (Kor.)(DEDR 826). cij agricultural produce, things in general; cij basut agricultural produce and property; khubin. cij akata I have had a good harvest; cij basutan I will acquire property (Santali.lex.) cf. ci_ze~_ things in general (H.lex.) cf. cer..i (-pp-, -tt-) to thrive, flourish, be fertile, grow well as vegetation (Ta.); cer..ikka to be fertile (Ma.)(DEDR 2789). cf. ca.k (ca.yk-) to make to grow (Ko.); sa_n:ka_vuni, sa_n:kan. fostering (Tu.)(DEDR 2427). cf. ca~_xna_ to sow, scatter seed (Kur.)(DEDR 2431). cf. sa_g- (-it-) to grow, spread out, file out, proceed (Kuwi)(DEDR 2430). sa_nga_na_, sa_ng- to spread out as a creeper; sa_hca_na_, sa_hta_na_ to make to grow or spread (Go.)(DEDR 2433). saket the patron divinity of the Santal ojhas or doctors, the name of the offering made after restoration to health by one who has been treated by an ojha (Santali.lex.) cikitsaka a physician (Skt.Ka.); cikitse, cikicce the practice or science of medicine (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) cikiccai treatment of diseases, of three kinds, viz., te_va-cikiccai, ra_ks.asa-cikiccai, ma_n-ut.a-cikiccai (Pata_rtta. 1202)(Ta.lex.) ca_ki < s'a_khin tree (Cu_t.a_.); ciki tree (Ilak. Aka.)(Ta.)(Ta.lex.) Vegetable grower: s'a_kha_ branch (RV. i.8.8)(Vedic.lex.) s'a_ka potherb, vegetable (Gr.S'r.); sa_ka (Pali); sa_ga, sa_ya (Pkt.); ca_ (Wg.Dm.); s'ax green vegetables (Kho.); s'ak (Kal.); s'ok (Kt.); s'o_ (Phal.); s'a_ (Sh.); ca~_i a caste of vegetable growers in Rajsahi (B.)(CDIAL 12370). Image: leaf: sakam a leaf of a plant or tree; a blade of grass (Mu.)(Mu.lex.) sakam leaf; sakam rir. midrib of leaf (Santali.lex.) cf. caruku dried leaf (Ta.)(DEDR 2355). ca_kai < s'a_ka leaf (Ta.lex.) ca_kam < s'a_ka leaf (Kampara_. Nakarap. 75); potherbs, greens; juice of leaves (J.); fragrant screwpine (Ta.lex.) jaghane_-phale the opposite-leaved fig tree, ficus oppositifolia (Skt.Ka.)(Ka.lex.)

2924.Potherbs, greens: ca_kam potherbs, greens (Pin..)(Ta.)(Ta.lex.) Image: trunk of a lopped tree: s'an:kur the trunk of a lopped tree (Amarako_s'a. IV.I. 8). cf. wuj^arun to be uprooted (K.); ujir.an.u to be waste (S.); wuja_run to lay waste (K.); ujja_d.ia laid waste (Pkt.); uza_riba to upturn (earth)(A.)(CDIAL 1661). cf. jar. root (G.); jar.ya~_ pl. root fibres (G.)(CDIAL 5086). Image: ear of corn: s'a~_koli_ small branch, twig; s'an. branch, twig (Dm.); s'a_n:koli_ small branch, twig (Gaw.); s'on., s'an. branch (Kal.); s'on:g a kind of shrub with white twigs (Kho.); s'o_n. branch (Phal.); s'a~_kha, s'a~_ka branch (Gaw.); s'a_khe (Sv.); sa_m.kha beam (OG.)(CDIAL 12260). s'a_khya belonging to or resembling a branch, branching (Pa_n..); s'a_k, s'a_kha_ wood, tree (Phal.)(CDIAL 12379). s'a_kha_ branch (RV.); sa_kha_, sa_kha branch (Pali); sa_ha_ (Pkt.); cau, sau branch, ear of corn (Ash.); ca_, co_w branch (Wg.); caw (Kt.); ca_w (Pr.); s'a~_h bough (WPah.); sa_ha_ branch, crossbars between shafts of bullock carts (Or.); sa_ branch (Si.); sa_huli_, sa_hulia_ (Pkt.); sau~la_ pl. green shoots or twigs (Ku.); sya_ulo a cut branch (N.); sa_u_l., sa_vl.i_ branch of various trees (palm, coconut, betel)(M.)(CDIAL 12376). s'a_khe the branch of a tree (Ka.lex.) Caste of vegetable growers; potherb: s'a_ka potherb, vegetable (Gr.S'r.); sa_ka (Pali); sa_ga, sa_ya (Pkt.); ca_ (Wg.Dm.); s'ax green vegetables (Kho.); s'ak (Kal.); s'ok (Kt.); s'o_ (Phal.); s'a_ (Sh.); ca~_i a caste of vegetable growers in Rajsahi (B.)(CDIAL 12370). s'a_khi having branches, a tree (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) sa_ki name of females among sma_rta and ma_dhva bra_hman.as; sa_kamma (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) s'a_kini a powerful female: a kind of female demon or fairy attendant on Durga_ (Ka.)(Ka.lex.) Yaks.a: cakkamma_ a demoness (Ta.); jakkama (Te.); cf. yaks.a (Ta.lex.) s'a_kina epithet of Indra (RV.); s'a_kini_ female attendant of Ka_li_ (Skt.); d.a_kini_ id. (Skt.)(CDIAL 5542). cf. d.ahu the tree artocarpus lakuca (Skt.); d.a_u the bread-fruit tree (Pkt.); d.ava-gas the tree lythrum fructicosum (Si.)(CDIAL 5540).

2925.Field; garden: s'a_kat.a a field; s'a_kina a field; s'a_kas'a_kat.a a field of vegetables, a kitchen garden; s'a_ka, s'a_kha an potherb or vegetable; vegetable food; name of one of the seven dvi_pas; ba_d.u, va_t.a, bat.t.i, ba_t.i, vad.a an enclosure, a piece of enclosed ground, a court-yard, a compound; a garden, a park, a plantation; the enclosure of a town or village, a fence, a wall, a hedge etc; made of the vat.a (ficus indica, banyan) tree; va_t.i a garden; va_t.ika, ba_d.aga, va_d.iga a gardener; a garden; va_t.ike an enclosure; a garden (Ka.lex.) Detached field: ceku < cak (U.) detached fields of a village; a patch of rent-free land or any separate farm (R.T.)(Ta.lex.) cf. cakati mud, mire; bog, puddle (Ta.); clay, mire (Ma.); cavati, cavadi mud (Ta.)(DEDR 2266). cf. cekkupanti < cakbandi_ (U.) the four boundaries with their distinctive marks showing the limits of each field as entered in the survey accounts (R.F.)(Ta.)(Ta.lex.) san:gghar a field fortification, a stone breast work or rifle pit (P.lex.) cakku-bandi defining of the boundaries of an estate (Ka.); cakabandi_ (M.)(Ka.lex.)

2926.Demarcation-stone for lands granted to temples: cakkara-k-kal boundary or demarcation-stone for lands granted to Vis.n.u temples (Ta.insc.); tiru-v-a_r..ikkal boundary stone with the seal of discus (S.I.I. i,87)(Ta.lex.)

2930.Image: hole: chidda adj. having rents or fissures, perforated (Pali) [scetar OHG. For suffix -ra cf. rudhira etc.; chid + ra (Vedic); chidra (Skt.); chidda (fig.) faulty, defective; nt. a cutting, slit, hole, aperture [eka-chidda, kan.n.a-chidda, bhitti-chidda, ta_l.a-chidda, akkhi-chidda]; acchidda-vutti faultless conduct; a_vachidda full of breaches and holes; chidda-ka_rin inconsistent; chidda-vichidda = chidda-avachiddda; sari_ran chiddavichiddan karoti to perforate a body; chiddaka adj. having holes or meshes (of a net); chiddata_ perforation, being perforated; chida adj. breaking, cutting, destroying (Pali.lex.) chidra split, hole, deficiency in a limb; having holes, broken into splinters, cut up (RV. i.162.20; TS. v.2.12.2); incomplete (TMB xviii.5.4); chid to split, cut off, break, tear, get away (RV. i.133.2); chinna cut off (RV. vii.33.6)(Vedic.lex.) substantive: chidda cutting, slit, hole (Pali); chidda, chid.d.a hole (Pkt.); chiddar (P.); s'idad., s'idi_d. earthworm (M.); siduva hole; hida perforation (Si.); ched, che~da_ hole, opening (B.); cheda (Or.); ched hole (Bhoj.); che~_d (Aw.); chim.d.i_, chim.d.ia_ hole in hedge; chem.d.i_ lane (Pkt.); chi_n.d.a_ hole (P.); chi_n (Ku.); chi~r., che~r., cher. hole, cleft; chi~r.i, che~r.i, cher.i narrow passage (N.); chi~r. watercourse (B.); chi~_d.u~ hole in hedge (G.); chi~_d.i_ narrow space behind house (G.)(CDIAL 5043). Hole; lane, passage: cantu lane, narrow lane (Ta.lex.) cantam hole (Tan-ippa_. i,171,24)(Ta.); cf. sandhi (Skt.)(Ta.lex.) chino cleft, pass in a mountain; chinn.o to cut; chi_n hole (Ku.)(CDIAL 5047). chilla hole (Pkt.); s'i_l breach in a river bank, place to make a dam (M.); sila, hila hole, perforation (Si.)(CDIAL 5051). s'em.d.n.em. to make small incisions (M.); sindinava_ to uproot (Si.); chindai (Pkt.); chinatti (Skt.)(Bloch, p. 412). Parting of the hair: si_man parting of the hair (AV.); si_ma_ id. (Mn.); si_ma_nam acc. sg. (Skt.); sum id. (K.)(CDIAL 13435). si_manta parting in hair (AV.); si_mantini_ woman (MBh.Pali); si_mam.ta, si_mam.taya parting in hair (Pkt.); syu~_di_, syu_ni_ forehead where hair is parted, frontal braiding of a woman's hair (Ku.); xeunta_, xeo~ta_ parting in hair (A.); siunta_ mode of dressing ringlets of hair on brow; siuntia_ mode of parting combed hair (Or.); s'ita_, s'ite~ parting in